BILL ANALYSIS
SB 19
Page 1
Date of Hearing: August 21, 2001
ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HEALTH
Helen Thomson, Chair
SB 19 (Escutia) - As Amended: July 20, 2001
SENATE VOTE : 22-15
POLICY QUESTIONS :
1)Should the reimbursement a school receives for free and
reduced-price meals sold or served to pupils in elementary or
middle schools be required to be increased to twenty-six
cents?
2)Should various limitations and prohibitions on the sale of
beverages and foods to pupils in elementary and middle schools
be established?
3)Should the Department of Education be required to establish a
pilot program in which not less than 10 high schools
voluntarily adopt the provisions of this bill relating to
various limitations and prohibitions on the sale of beverages
and foods to pupils in school?
4)Should a school district maintaining at least one elementary
school or secondary school be permitted to convene a Child
Nutrition and Physical Activity Advisory Committee
(Committee)?
5)Should the Committee be required to develop and recommend to
the governing board of the school district for its adoption,
school district policies on nutrition and physical activity?
SUBJECT : Pupil health.
SUMMARY : Requires the reimbursement a school receives for free
and reduced-price meals sold or served to pupils in elementary
or middle schools to be increased to twenty-six cents. Requires
the sale of all foods on school grounds at elementary schools
and middle schools, and in those schools participating in the
pilot program created pursuant to this bill to be approved by
the principal of the school or, by the principal's designee, for
compliance with the nutrition standards specified by this bill.
Establishes various limitations and prohibitions on the sale of
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beverages and foods to pupils in elementary and middle schools.
Requires the Department of Education (DOE) to establish a pilot
program in which not less than 10 high schools voluntarily adopt
the provisions of this bill relating to various limitations and
prohibitions on the sale of beverages and foods to pupils in
school. Permits a school district maintaining at least one
elementary school or secondary school to convene a Child
Nutrition and Physical Activity Advisory Committee (Committee).
Requires the Committee to develop and recommend to the governing
board of the school district for its adoption, school district
policies on nutrition and physical activity. Requires a school
district that develops and adopts policies pursuant to the
Committees established by this bill, to receive a grant from DOE
on the basis of an equal amount per unit of average daily
attendance of the participating school districts. Specifically,
this bill :
1)Requires the reimbursement a school receives for free and
reduced-price meals sold or served to pupils in elementary or
middle schools to be increased to twenty-six cents.
2)Requires each elementary and middle school to receive a
reimbursement of thirteen cents for meals sold at full price.
3)Defines "middle school" to mean any public school that
maintains grades 7 and 8 and no grade lower than grade 6.
Defines "elementary school" to mean a public school that
maintains any grade below grade 6. Defines "high school" to
mean any school maintaining grades 10 to 12 inclusive.
4)Requires a school to follow the United States Department of
Agriculture's Enhanced Food Based Meal Pattern, the United
States Department of Agriculture's Nutrient Standard Meal
Planning, or California's SHAPE Menu Patterns in order to
qualify for the increased reimbursement for free and
reduced-price meals and for the reimbursement for meals sold
at full price.
5)Requires the reimbursement rates set forth in #1 and #2 above
to be adjusted annually for increases in cost of living in the
same manner set forth in current law relating to the inflation
adjustment established by the Superintendent of Public
Instruction.
6)Requires #1 through #5 to become operative on January 1, 2004.
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7)Requires the sale of all foods on school grounds at elementary
schools and middle schools, and in those schools participating
in the pilot program created pursuant to this bill, to be
approved by the principal of the school or, by the principal's
designee, for compliance with the nutrition standards
specified by this bill.
8)Requires the only food that may be sold to pupils at
elementary schools during breakfast and lunch periods to be
sold as a full meal, which is defined as any combination of
food items that meet a USDA-approved meal pattern. Exempts
the sale of fruits, vegetables, or beverages from this
requirement.
9)Requires individual food items sold to pupils during morning
or afternoon breaks at elementary schools to meet the
standards for foods sold to pupils at middle schools, as set
forth in #11 through #15 below.
10)Limits the types of beverages that may be sold to pupils at
an elementary school to water, milk, and 100% fruit juices
regardless of the time of day.
11)Limits the types of beverages that may be sold to pupils at
middle schools from one-half hour before the start of the
schoolday until after the end of the last lunch period to:
a) Fruit-based drinks that do not contain additional
sweeteners;
b) Water;
c) Milk, including, but not limited to, chocolate milk, soy
milk, rice milk, and other similar nondairy milk; and,
d) Sports drinks, defined as any electrolyte replacement
beverage that contains no more than 25 grams of sweetener
per 12 ounce serving.
12)Prohibits any beverage permitted to be sold pursuant to #11
above from being carbonated.
13)Requires in middle schools, all snacks, sweets, and side
dishes sold to pupils outside the federal meal program before
the end of the last lunch period to meet the following
standards:
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a) Have 35 percent or less of its total calories from fat
and exempts the sale of nuts and seeds from this
requirement;
b) Have 10 percent or less of its total calories from
saturated fat;
c) Have 35 percent or less of its total weight composed of
sugar and exempts the sale of fruits and vegetables from
this requirement; and,
d) Be limited to 20 ounces for sports drinks, and 12 ounces
for other beverages, and exempts water and milk from this
requirement.
14)Prohibits in middle schools, entree items and side dishes,
from being larger than the portions of those foods served as
part of the federal school meal program.
15)Requires fruits and vegetables to be offered for sale at any
location on the schoolsite where competitive foods are sold.
16)Requires vending machines that contain food or beverage items
that do not meet the nutritional standards of this bill to
remain locked or be rendered inoperable until after the end of
the last lunch period.
17)Permits on no more than four days per year, a school to
permit organizations consisting solely of pupils of that
school to sell food items that do not meet the standards of
this bill as part of a schoolwide fundraising event. Requires
these sales to be held on the same four days for any or all
organizations.
18)Prohibits #7 through #17 above from being waived pursuant to
current law which permits the governing board of a school
district or a county board of education, on a districtwide or
countywide basis or on behalf of one or more of its schools or
programs to waive any section of the Education Code or any
regulation adopted by the Board of Education (BOE) that
implements a section of the Education Code, after a public
hearing on the matter.
19)Requires #7 through #17 above to become operative on January
1, 2004.
20)Requires, by January 1, 2004, every school to post a summary
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of nutrition and physical activity laws and regulations, and
to post the school district's nutrition and physical activity
policies, in public view within all school cafeterias or other
central eating areas. Requires the DOE to develop the summary
of state law and regulations.
21)Requires #20 above to become operative only if funds are
appropriated in the Budget Act for the 2003-04 fiscal year for
purposes of #27 and #28 below.
22)Permits a school district maintaining at least one elementary
school or secondary school to convene a Child Nutrition and
Physical Activity Advisory Committee (Committee) to develop
and recommend to the governing board of the school district
for its adoption, school district policies on nutrition and
physical activity.
23)Requires the Committee to include, but not be limited to,
food service directors, food service staff, staff, parents,
pupils, physical and health education teachers, dietitians,
health care professionals, and interested community members.
24)Requires the Committee to hold at least one public hearing,
in developing the policies on nutrition and physical activity.
Requires the policies on nutrition and physical activity to
address issues and goals, including, but not limited to, all
of the following:
a) Implementing the nutritional standards set forth in #7
through #17 above;
b) Encouraging fundraisers that promote good health habits
and discouraging fundraisers that promote unhealthy foods;
c) Ensuring that no pupil is hungry;
d) Improving nutritional standards;
e) Increasing the availability of fresh fruits and
vegetables;
f) Ensuring, to the extent possible, that the food served
is fresh;
g) Encouraging eligible pupils to participate in the school
lunch program;
h) Integrating nutrition and physical activity into the
overall curriculum;
i) Ensuring regular professional development for food
services staff;
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j) Ensuring pupils a minimum of 30 minutes to eat lunch and
20 minutes to eat breakfast , when provided;
aa) Ensuring pupils engage in healthful levels of vigorous
physical activity;
bb) Ensuring pupils receive nutrition education;
cc) Improving the quality of physical education curricula
and increasing training of physical education teachers;
dd) Enforcing existing physical education requirements;
ee) Altering the economic structures in place to encourage
healthy eating by pupils and reduce dependency on
generating profits for the school from the sale of
unhealthy foods; and,
ff) Developing a financing plan to implement the policies.
25)Permits a school district maintaining at least one elementary
or middle school to apply to DOE for a grant to offset the
costs of developing and adopting policies pursuant to #22
through #24 above. Requires these grants to be available to
applicant school districts by January 1, 2002.
26)Requires a school district that develops and adopts policies
pursuant to #22 through #24 above, by January 1, 2003, to
receive a grant from DOE on the basis of an equal amount per
unit of average daily attendance of the participating school
districts, with no participating school district receiving
less $4,000 per grant, and no participating school district
receiving more than $25,000 per grant, to offset the costs of
developing the policies.
27)Appropriates the sum of $9 million from the GF to DOE, for
allocation as follows:
a) $1 million in each of the fiscal years 2001-02 and
2002-03, for the purpose of providing technical support to
school districts to assist in implementing #22 through #24
above. Requires activities carried out by DOE to include,
but not be limited to, highlighting model nutrition
programs, disseminating information to assist in the
financial management of school food service programs, and
identifying fundraising mechanisms that encourage health
habits among pupils; and
b) $8 million for providing grants to applicant school
districts, on the basis of average daily attendance of the
participating school districts, for the purposes of
developing policies as set forth in #25 above.
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1)Requires of the $8 million appropriated by #27 b) above, the
amount of $5 million to be allocated in the 2001-02 fiscal
year, and $5 million to be allocated in the 2002-03 fiscal
year.
2)Requires DOE to establish a pilot program in which not less
than 10 high schools voluntarily adopt the provisions of #7
through #21 above. Requires participating districts to be
eligible to receive a grant pursuant to #25. Requires school
districts to be eligible for an increased reimbursement rate
for free and reduced priced meals served at participating high
schools.
3)Requires, annually, the Superintendent of Public Instruction
(Superintendent) to randomly select not less than 10% of the
school districts of the state to report compliance with this
bill as set forth in #31 below. Requires the group selected
to be sufficient to provide a statistically random and
accurate sampling of the state as a whole.
4)Requires each school district selected pursuant to #30 above
to report to the Superintendent in the coordinated compliance
review regarding the extent to which it has complied with this
bill.
5)Requires the Superintendent to issue a notice of noncompliance
for any school district that the Superintendent finds is not
in compliance with the mandatory provisions of this bill.
6)Requires the noncomplying school district to adopt, and
provide to the Superintendent, a corrective plan. Requires
the corrective plan to set forth the actions to be taken by
the school district in order to ensure that the school
district will be in full compliance within one year from the
issuance of the noncompliance notification.
7)Requires DOE, with advice from the Child Nutrition Advisory
Council, to design and implement a financial incentive grant
program to help and encourage schools to implement the school
district policies and meet the goals described in #24 above.
8)Requires the Department of Health Services (DHS) to monitor
the implementation of #7 through #17 and to annually report to
the Legislature regarding all of the following:
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a) The effectiveness of the policies and standards
developed by school districts;
b) The effect of this bill upon school districts and
pupils, including, but not limited to, an assessment of
pupil responses and related findings; and
c) Recommendations for improvements or additions.
9)Requires DHS to report to the Legislature by June 1, 2004,
regarding the initial implementation of #7 through #17 above.
10)Makes various legislative findings and declarations,
including childhood obesity has reached epidemic levels in
California and throughout the nation.
EXISTING LAW :
1)Provides approximately $0.12 for the state's share of the
reimbursable meal program.
2)Requires the governing board of a school district to give
diligent care to the health and physical development of
pupils.
3)Requires the Superintendent to reimburse school districts for
certain costs associated with free and reduced-price meals.
4)Prohibits the sale of competitive foods in the school food
service area, as defined in federal law.
5)Requires that 50% of the items, other than foods reimbursed
under federal law, offered for sale each schoolday at any
school-site by any entity or organization during regular
school hours be selected from a prescribed list of nutritious
foods.
6)Requires all public school districts and county
superintendents of schools to make available, free or at a
reduced price, one nutritionally adequate meal to each needy
student every school day.
FISCAL EFFECT : This bill would cost $4.5 million, for 2001-02
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and $4.5 million for 2003-04 fiscal years from GF. $1 million
of the appropriation would be available in the 2001-02 and
2002-03 fiscal years for the purpose of providing technical
support to school districts. The remaining $8 million would be
for providing grants to school districts on the basis of average
daily attendance in the 2001-02 and 2002-03 fiscal years.
COMMENTS :
1)PURPOSE OF THIS BILL . According to the author, the percentage
of overweight children and youth in the U.S. has doubled in
the past 30 years. 91 percent of children ages 6 to 11 are
not eating the recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables.
Many experts believe this is due, at least in part, to an
increased consumption of convenience foods. The author argues
that overweight and obese children are at a higher risk than
other children for long-term health problems including
diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, high blood
pressure, gallbladder disease, asthma and certain cancers.
The link between good nutrition and student achievement is
clear: children who eat poorly tend to have high rates of
sickness and absence from school, low energy, low test scores
and difficulty concentrating. The author argues that this
bill encourages students to adopt healthy eating habits and
supports them in this endeavor at school by guaranteeing
nutritious options for meals and snacks.
2)SUPPORT . According to the sponsors of this bill, the
California Center for Public Health Advocacy (CCPHA),
throughout California, as many as 1/3 of students are
overweight. Poor nutrition and physical inactivity are
responsible for 28% of preventable deaths in the U.S.. CCPHA
argues that schools are part of the problem because there are
no standards for foods sold a la carte, or in vending
machines. According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), a
significant contribution to youth obesity comes from the sale
of unregulated foods and sodas at schools. This bill is
directed at improving the choice of foods offered at schools
as well as encouraging fruit and vegetable consumption. ACS
adds that this bill will ensure that the eating habits
promoted at our schools is consistent with the nutrition
education students receive in the classroom. According to the
American Heart Association (AHA), poor diet and physical
inactivity contribute to an estimated 35,000 deaths and $15
billion in excess of health care costs every year in
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California. AHA argues that this bill takes long overdue and
important steps to ensure that the eating habits promoted
through the sale of food and beverages at our schools are
aligned with nutrition education students receive in the
classroom.
According to the California Adolescent Nutrition and Fitness
Program (CANFIT), schools greatly influence what youth eat,
how active they are, and whether they become obese. Schools
are increasingly offering unhealthy meals and foods in vending
machines such as chips, candy, and soda. CANFIT states that
this trend not only threatens student health, but also
performance. The Sharp HealthCare Center for Health Promotion
(SHARP) states that there is currently a huge dissonance in
what is being taught in schools about nutrition and what is
being sold to students through competitive food sales, school
stores and fundraising efforts. SHARP argues that the role of
schools should be to create a "safe haven" where youth are not
bombarded daily with messages and opportunities to eat
unhealthy foods that are high in fat and sugar. The
California Parent Teachers Association (PTA) states that this
bill includes all of what its members adopted as sound
nutritional guidelines 10 years ago. PTA adds that this bill
provides individual school districts local control and needed
input in adopting district policies through the local Child
Nutrition and Physical Advisory Committees.
3)OPPOSITION . The California School Food Service Association
(CSFSA), is concerned about the impact this bill will have on
the nutrition programs their school food service authorities
are mandated to provide to California students. CSFSA states
that it opposes this bill because the funding in the bill is
not linked to the implementation of the standards, and a la
carte sales would be severely restricted and the financial
stability of school food service programs will be at stake.
CSFSA states that they support the concept of improved
nutrition access for students, but that, this bill falls short
in addressing the true issue and will do more harm than good.
The Association of California School Administrators (ACSA)
states that although the bill has been significantly amended,
ACSA continues to have strong concerns regarding operational
and fiscal impacts the bill will have on school districts.
These concerns are focused primarily on the potential impacts
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the bill will have on middle schools and student activities at
those grade levels. ACSA supports the position that this bill
should be piloted across all grade levels. If the Legislature
is interested in changing school nutrition standards, then an
across-the-board pilot program would provide evidence as to
whether this bill or other similar proposals will work. The
Jelly Belly Candy Company argues that candy is only a small
percentage of calories consumed by children and all food can
be eaten in moderation. Nutrition education and the need for
physical activity should instead by fully addressed. The
Dairy Institute argues that contrary to the implications of
this bill, child health and nutrition is a concern for
parents, school nutritionists and food manufacturers. As
partners with families, local school food service programs
make positive efforts to both educate and feed California's
school children.
The California Association of Directors of Activities (CADA),
states that this bill provides no financial compensation to
the hundreds of student clubs, organizations, publications,
classes, activity programs, athletics, or performance groups
that now rely on monies generated by the sale of food and
beverages whether during the school day, or immediately after
school in student run snack bars. CADA adds that this bill
does not address the real problem of obesity or student
activity. The Grocery Manufacturers of America argues that
this bill will only serve to limit choice and restrict the
authority of local schools and school districts to exercise
discretion over whether and under what conditions various food
products should be available in schools. The Riverside County
Schools Advocacy Association argues that an unintended
consequence of this bill would be a significant increase in
secondary students leaving campus for lunch, undermining the
nutritional goals of this bill and further reducing funding
for this state mandated program.
4)SUPPORT IF AMENDED . (This bill was recently amended. It is
unclear to what extent recent amendments have addressed these
concerns.) The California School Boards Association, and the
President of the Woodland School Board would support this bill
if it was amended to instead create a pilot program in order
to test the feasibility of implementing the suggested
standards and their economic feasibility. The California
Nutrition Council (CNC) would prefer to see less prescriptive
language that could be used to teach children to manage their
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environment so that they can live productive healthy lives
after their school careers. CNC states that it would prefer
to see language that would allow schools some flexibility in
meeting the demands of their students while providing a
nutrition environment that does not flood food choices with
foods of minimal nutritional value.
5)USDA REGULATIONS . Under the United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA) regulations, the nutrient content of meals
sold under the reimbursable meal program is based on (a) the
recommended daily allowance (RDA); (b) children's energy
expenditure; and (c) dietary guidelines for Americans. Each
meal is based on a specific standard put out by the USDA.
Such standards provide that each meal limit total fat content,
meet 1/3 of RDA, and provide a variety of foods moderate in
sugar and salt and high in fruits, vegetables, and whole
grains.
6)COMPETITIVE FOOD SALES . Current law prohibits the sale of
Foods of Minimal Nutritional Value or "competitive foods" in
the "school food service area" as defined by federal law. The
School Food Service Program (the federal, not-for-profit
program) is authorized to sell nutritious school meals to
pupils (within the specified federal guidelines). Current law
authorizes school districts to contract with private vendors
for the sale of competitive foods, so long as they meet a
one-to-one requirement standard for these "competitive foods."
7)FREE AND REDUCED MEAL PROGRAMS . Currently, 74% of California
school children receive free or reduced-price school meals.
This is a reimbursable meal program where 96% percent of the
reimbursement comes from federal funds. The state's share of
this reimbursement equals around $0.12 and has remained
constant since 1981.
8)CRB STUDY . A study by the California Research Bureau (CRB),
entitled "Overweight Kids: Why Should We Care?" stated that
childhood obesity in the United States has doubled in the last
10 years. There is much finger-pointing at the specific
reasons as to why this has occurred. The CRB study found that
the most apparent reasons for the increase in childhood
obesity are that children are eating more calories and
exercising less. The CRB study added that according to a
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention national survey,
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one third of high school students did not participate
regularly in vigorous physical activity, and more than half
were not enrolled in physical education classes. According to
the CRB study, students typically opt to take physical
education during their first two years of high school,
however, there may be no room if a student wanted to take
additional physical activity classes.
The CRB study listed the following potential policy options
regarding addressing the problem of obesity:
a) Providing accessible and affordable physical activity
space and equipment;
b) Providing physical activity instruction;
c) Sharing programs that work by increasing networking
between various programs;
d) Providing affordable fruits and vegetables and
instructing how to cook them; and,
e) Developing a cost-effective preventive health campaign
to better education Californians about the risks of eating
fatty foods and not exercising.
9)COMMENT . This bill defines a "high school" to mean any school
maintaining grades 10 to 12 inclusive, and a "middle school"
to mean any public school that maintains grades 7 and 8 and no
grade lower than grade 6. However, many schools contain
grades 7 through 12 or some similar combination of grades. It
is unclear whether a school that maintains grades 7 through
12, would be considered a "middle school", or a "high school"
since it would satisfy both of the definitions in this bill.
10)DRAFTING CONCERN . On two occasions, this bill references
Section 49430, which contains the definitions for this bill.
It appears that the author intended to reference Section
49430.5 which relates to increasing the reimbursement a school
receives for free and reduced-price meals.
11)RELATED LEGISLATION . SB 292 (Ortiz) requires DHS to expand
the activities provided under the Physical Activity and Health
Initiative (PAHI) and requires PAHI to work in conjunction
with the California Project Leaders Encouraging Activity and
Nutrition to promote health education, health activities, and
health awareness to the public regarding the need to increase
physical activity to prevent major chronic disease. SB 665
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(Peace) prohibits any food offered for sale at any school-site
during the regular schoolday from being junk food, as defined,
and requires all milk offered to be skim or nonfat, or 1% fat.
AB 287 (Wesson) appropriate up to $1 million from the General
Fund to DOE for the purpose of contracting with a recognized
testing company to perform various services related to making
available a physical fitness test to school districts. AB 367
(Migden) requires DOE to issue a notice of noncompliance to
each school district that fails to comply with specified
requirements, including requirements regarding the number of
hours of physical instruction offered to pupils in grades 1 to
12, inclusive.
12)PRIOR LEGISLATION . SB 1320 (Escutia) of 2000 contained
similar provisions to this bill including the establishment of
a Child Nutrition and Physical Activity Advisory Committee and
prohibitions relating to the sale of foods and beverages at
schools. SB 1320 was amended to focus on students with
diabetes and included a provision requiring every school to
permit any pupil with diabetes to test his or her blood
glucose levels either in classrooms or very close to
classrooms. SB 1320 was vetoed by the Governor. The
Governor's veto message stated that currently, the governing
boards of local educational agencies have a clear statutory
responsibility to give diligent care to the health and
physical development of pupils and have the authority to
determine their staffing needs consistent with fulfilling this
obligation. School health staffing needs are determined at the
local level based on local priorities and should remain so.
13)DOUBLE REFERRAL . Should this bill pass out of this
committee, it will be referred to the Assembly Committee on
Education.
REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION :
Support
California Center for Public Health Advocacy (sponsor)
African Americans Building a Legacy of Health Project (prior
version)
American Academy of Pediatrics (prior version)
American Cancer Society (prior version)
American Diabetes Association (prior version)
American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees,
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AFL-CIO (prior version)
American Heart Association (prior version)
Bay Area Partnership (prior version)
Beach Cities Health District (current version)
California Adolescent Nutrition and Fitness Program (prior
version)
California Association for Health, Physical Education,
Recreation and Dance (prior version)
California Citizens For Health Freedom (prior version)
California Conference of Local Health Department Nutritionists
(prior version)
California Conference of Local Health Officers (prior version)
California Dental Association (prior version)
California Federation of Teachers (prior version)
California Food Policy Advocates (prior version)
California Public Health Association-North (prior version)
California State Parent Teachers Association (prior version)
California Teachers Association (prior version)
California WIC Association (prior version)
Children's Advocacy Institute (current version)
City of Norwalk (prior version)
Community Health Councils, Inc. (prior version)
Diabetes Coalition of California (prior version)
Imperial County Public Health Department (prior version)
Junior Leagues of California State Public Affairs Committee
(prior version)
Kaiser Permanente (current version)
Prevention Institute (prior version)
Project Harmony (prior version)
Project LEAN in the Gold Coast Region (prior version)
Samuels and Associates (prior version)
Santa Barbara County (prior version)
Sharp HealthCare Center for Health Promotion (prior version)
Southern California Public Health Association (prior version)
Strategic Alliance to Prevent Childhood Obesity (prior version)
University of Southern California Mobile Dental Clinic (prior
version)
Western Growers Association (prior version)
Several individuals
Opposition
A&R Wholesale Distributors, Inc. (prior version)
Association of California School Administrators (current
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version)
California Association of Directors of Activities (prior
version)
California Association of School Business Officials (current
version)
California Automatic Vendors Council (prior version)
California Distributors Association (prior version)
California Nevada Soft Drink Association (prior version)
Californians for Sensible School Nutrition Policy (prior
version)
California School Food Service Association (prior version)
Chocolate Manufacturers Association (prior version)
Colusa Unified School District (prior version)
Covina-Valley Unified School District (prior version)
Dairy Institute (prior version)
Glendale Unified School District (prior version)
Grocery Manufacturers of America (prior version)
Hershey Foods Corporations (prior version)
Jelly Belly Candy Company (prior version)
Lawndale Elementary School District (prior version)
Long Beach Unified School District (prior version)
Los Angeles Area Chamber of Commerce (prior version)
Manteca Unified School District (prior version)
National Automatic Merchandising Association (prior version)
National Confectioners Association (prior version)
Ontario-Montclair School District (current version)
Pepsi-Cola Company (prior version)
Quaker Oats Company (prior version)
Quality Vending Systems (prior version)
Redondo Beach Unified School District (prior version)
Riverside County Schools Advocacy Association (current version)
Santa Clarita Valley School Food Services Agency (prior
version)
Santa Maria-Bonita School District (prior version)
Snack Foods Association (prior version)
Tom's Foods, Inc. (prior version)
Total Vending Services Inc. (prior version)
Whittier City School District (prior version)
Several Food Service Directors from:
Alta Loma School District
Capistrano Unified School District
Central Unified School District
Conejo Valley Unified School District
El Monte Union High School District
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Fairfield-Suisun Unified School District
Kingsburg Elementary Charter School District
Los Banos Unified School District
Manhattan Beach Unified School District
Manteca Unified School District
Merced City School District
Modesto City Schools
Pomona Unified School District
Redondo Beach Unified School District
Visalia Unified School District
Several individuals
Analysis Prepared by : David Gonzalez / HEALTH / (916) 319-2097