BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
                            Martha M. Escutia, Chair
                           2003-2004 Regular Session


          AB 862                                                 A
          Assembly Member Firebaugh                              B
          As Amended July 2, 2003
          Hearing Date:  July 8, 2003                            8
          Government Code                                        6
          GMO:cjt                                                2
                                                                 

                                     SUBJECT
                                         
                   State Agencies:  Hiring of Outside Counsel


                                   DESCRIPTION  

          This bill would require specified state agencies and the  
          Attorney General to provide notices, as specified, to the  
          designated representative of State Employees Bargaining  
          Unit 2, regarding any contract for outside counsel and the  
          consent of the Attorney General with respect to the  
          contract.  The bill would provide that certain matters  
          would be exempt from the notice requirement, and that  
          disclosures made in the notice are deemed privileged  
          communications.

                                    BACKGROUND  

          AB 862 is a new and improved version of the author's bill  
          last year, AB 2850, which was vetoed by the Governor.  The  
          Governor's veto message states:

               I had hoped to be able to sign this bill.   
               However, it is necessary that there be adequate  
               protection so that providing notice of legal  
               services contracts to State Employees Bargaining  
               Unit 2 does not result in a waiver of the  
               attorney-client, work product or deliberative  
               process privileges. Unfortunately, AB 2850 does  
               not address this satisfactorily.

                                                                 
          (more)



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          The Governor then directed the Department of Personnel  
          Administration to work with State Employees Bargaining  
          Unit 2 to meet and confer in order to structure a  
          Memorandum of Understanding that addresses the  
          legitimate concerns of both the bargaining unit and  
          the state.

          This bill cures the deficiencies identified by the  
          Governor's veto, and further memorializes agreements  
          reached between the California Attorneys,  
          Administrative Law Judges, Hearing Officers and Deputy  
          Labor Commissioners in State Employment (CASE),  
          sponsor of this bill, the Attorney General, and the  
          administration.


                             CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW
           
          
           Existing law  establishes the state civil service system  
          that, with limited exceptions, includes every officer and  
          employee of the state.  The civil service system requires  
          that every appointment and promotion be based on merit  
          ascertained by a competitive examination.  [Article 7,  
          California Constitution.]

           Existing law  establishes standards for the use of personal  
          service contracts outside the civil service system, if  
          contracting would achieve cost savings, as defined, or if  
          certain conditions are met. [Gov.  Code Sec. 19130.]

           Existing law  requires, with certain exceptions, the consent  
          of the Attorney General prior to the employment of outside  
          counsel for representation of any state agency or employee  
          in a judicial proceeding. [Gov. Code. Sec. 11140.]

           Existing law  permits the Attorney General to employ outside  
          counsel in cases involving the escheat of property,  
          whenever a special prosecutor is necessary to substitute  
          for a district attorney disqualified to prosecute, or  
          whenever the employment of outside counsel for state  
          agencies is justified. [Gov. Code. Sec. 12520.]

           This bill  would require that state agencies and the  
          Attorney General provide specified notices to the  
                                                                       




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          designated representative of State Employees Bargaining  
          Unit 2 regarding contracts with outside counsel and also  
          provide notice of the Attorney General's consent to those  
          contracts.

           This bill  would further:
                 detail the contents of the notice;
                 define the agencies that would be required to  
               comply with the notice requirements;
                 provide exceptions to the class of contracts for  
               which the notification would be required;
                 exempt certain information from disclosure; and 
                 deem any disclosure made privileged communication.





                                     COMMENT
           
          1.   Need for the bill

            According to the author, the issue of state agencies  
            employing outside counsel for representation in various  
            matters is not currently negotiated in collective  
            bargaining.  The increased use of outside counsel in  
            recent years has become a great concern to the  
            representative of State Employees Bargaining Unit 2 (the  
            representative is CASE), because the cost of contracting  
            with outside counsel results in substantially higher  
            legal costs to the state.

            Thus, according to the author, AB 862 is necessary to  
            "enhance the State's compliance with constitutional and  
            statutory requirements governing the civil service  
            system, while permitting the State to contract for legal  
            services?The bill would provide substantial cost savings  
            to the State by ensuring that the legal work is performed  
            by the state's existing work force."

          2.    Outside Counsel:  legal services contracts by state  
          agencies

             Most state agencies have "in-house" counsel (i.e., a  
            legal division composed of lawyers, paralegals, and in  
                                                                       




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            some cases hearing officers who are attorneys) that  
            provide the agency with day-to-day legal services.   
            Whenever an agency becomes a party to litigation,  
            however, the agency is required to be represented by the  
            Attorney General, except for those agencies that have  
            statutory authority to seek outside counsel.  Those that  
            do not have this statutory authority have to seek the  
            consent of the Attorney General before they are able to  
            sign contracts with outside counsel for legal services.

            The current memorandum of understanding between  
            representatives of the state's attorneys, hearing  
            officers, and commissioners (CASE) and the State  
            Personnel Board (which governs the civil service system)  
            requires a monthly report that summarizes the requests by  
            state agencies to contract out for legal services for the  
            State of California.  This bill would require a more  
            detailed and frequent notice to the designated  
            representative of State Employees Bargaining Unit 2 (SBU  
            2), which at present is CASE, to enable CASE to monitor  
            the employment of outside counsel by state agencies.

             a.    Notice whenever Attorney General consent is  
               required:  notice to SBU 2 within five business days  
               of request for consent

                This bill would require that whenever an agency  
               required to do so requests the consent of the Attorney  
               General to employ outside counsel, the state agency  
               shall provide the representative of SBU 2 with written  
               notification of the request within five business days.
               The bill does not specify whether the "five business  
               days" begins to run from the date the request is  
               mailed or personally delivered to the Attorney General  
               or the date on the request itself.

               Presumably the reason for the notice requirement is to  
               give CASE the opportunity to oppose the granting of  
               the request, or to evaluate first before such  
               opposition whether or not the request would violate  
               the collective bargaining agreement between CASE and  
               the state or whether the employment of outside counsel  
               is necessary.  Thus, time is of the essence in regard  
               to this notice, and detail regarding when the five  
               business days begin to run is important.
                                                                       




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               SHOULD THIS BE SPECIFIED?

             b.    Notice when Attorney General consent is not  
               necessary: prior to execution of the contract by any  
               party
              
               AB 862 would require all state agencies (except,  
               obviously, the Attorney General) that do not require  
               the Attorney General's consent in order to employ  
               outside counsel to provide the detailed notice to CASE  
               prior to execution of a contract by any party.

               AB 862's language could possibly be improved to get at  
               its stated goal.  For instance, if a prepared contract  
               has been signed by the outside counsel, but not yet  
               approved for signing by the state agency, there is no  
               reason for this notice to be given to CASE.  If  
               anything, the notice to CASE should be given after the  
               decision to enter a contract has been made (after the  
               "deliberative process" has gone its course), and  
               within a specified period prior to its signing by the  
               state agency.  In other words, the language of the  
               provision should state, for example, that the detailed  
               notice to CASE would be given at least five business  
               days (or whatever period is appropriate) prior to  
               signing of a contract by the state agency.   In cases  
               of emergency, where for example a state agency needs  
               to file a complaint for an injunction immediately, the  
               notice that outside counsel has been employed may be  
               given to CASE within 5 business days after outside  
               counsel was hired.

               SHOULD THIS NOTICE REQUIREMENT BE MORE SPECIFIC?

               Following is the list of state agencies not required  
               to obtain the consent of the Attorney General in order  
               to employ outside counsel:

                     Regents of the University of California
                     Board of Trustees of the California State  
                 University (who must pay costs of outside counsel  
                 within their existing resources)
                     Legal Division of the Department of  
                 Transportation
                                                                       




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                     Division of Labor Standards Enforcement of the  
                 Department of 
                 Industrial Relations
                     Workers' Compensation Appeals Board
                     Public Utilities Commission
                     State Compensation Insurance Fund
                     Legislative Counsel Bureau
                     Inheritance Tax Department
                     State Lands Commission
                     Secretary of State
                     Alcoholic Beverage Control Board (except when  
                 the board affirms a decision of the Department of  
                 Alcoholic Beverage Control)
                     State Department of Education
                     Treasurer, with respect to bonds
                     Any other state agency authorized to employ  
                 outside counsel after enactment of Chapter 213,  
                 Statutes of 1933

            c.    Notice by Attorney General

                Under existing law, the Attorney General is authorized  
               to employ outside or special counsel whenever  
               necessary to recover escheated property, or to  
               prosecute cases when a district attorney is  
               disqualified from prosecuting cases in a county, or  
               when requested by a state agency where such outside  
               counsel is justified under conditions specified in  
               Section 19130.

               This bill would also require the Attorney General to  
               provide notice to CASE whenever it grants the consent  
               for a state agency to employ outside counsel.  The  
               notice is to be given within 10 days of the  
               determination (i.e., the granting of the request).
           
             d.    Contents of the required notice

                AB 862 details the notice that would be sent to the  
               SBU 2 representative in all cases.  The notice under  
               proposed Section 11045(d) would contain:

               (1) a copy of the complaint or other pleadings that  
                 gave rise to the litigation or matter for which the  
                 contract is being sought, or other identifying  
                                                                       




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                 information;

               (2) the justification for the contract under Section  
                 19130(b) of the Government Code;

                 Section 19130(b) enumerates various conditions under  
                 which a personal legal services contract is  
                 permitted.  Those conditions include exempted  
                 executive appointments, where the contract is for a  
                 new state function and the Legislature specifically  
                 authorized or mandated the use of independent  
                 contractors, emergency appointments, and where "the  
                 services contracted are not available within civil  
                 service, cannot be performed satisfactorily by civil  
                 service employees, or are of such highly specialized  
                 and technical nature that the necessary expert  
                 knowledge, experience, and ability are not available  
                 through the civil service system."

                 Section 19130(b) also justifies the use of outside  
                 counsel by state agencies "because a conflict of  
                 interest on the part of the Attorney General's  
                 office prevents it from representing the agency  
                 without compromising its position."  These contracts  
                 require the consent of the Attorney General,  
                 however.

               (3)  the nature of the legal services to be performed;

               (4)  the estimated hourly wage to be paid under the  
               contract;

               (5)  the estimated length of the contract; and

               (6)  the identity of the person or entity that is  
                 entering into the contract with the state.
           
           3.    Exemptions and limitations 
           
            a.   Exemptions from the notice requirement
             
               This bill would exempt the following situations from  
               the notice requirements:

                     Contracts for expert witnesses.
                                                                       




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                     Consultations in connection with a confidential  
                 investigation or to any confidential component of a  
                 pending or active civil action, but only as long as  
                 necessary to protect the confidentiality of the  
                 investigation or the confidential component of the  
                 pending or active civil action.

               These exemptions are consistent with exemptions  
               provided for public contracts by the California Public  
               Records Act.

            b.   Limitations on disclosure of information

                AB 862 would protect information provided to SBU 2  
               through this notice requirement by deeming privileged  
               any disclosure made under Section 912(c) of the  
               Evidence Code (a disclosure that is itself privileged  
               is not a waiver of the privilege).

               Additionally, the bill expressly provides that  
               disclosures made in the notice would not constitute a  
               waiver of any privilege or exemption provided by law,  
               including the attorney-client privilege under the  
               Evidence Code and the attorney work product protection  
               under the Code of Civil Procedure.

               These limitations address the Governor's concerns when  
               he vetoed AB 2850 last year.

            c.    Exclusions from "state agency" definition

                Comment 2b lists the state entities that are not  
               required to obtain the consent of the Attorney General  
               when employing outside counsel.

               This bill would require all state agencies, including  
               those not required to obtain the Attorney General's  
               consent and the Attorney General as specified, that  
               propose to employ outside counsel to provide the  
               specified notice to CASE, with the exception of the  
               following:  

                     Regents of the University of California.
                     Trustees of the California State University.
                     The Legislature.
                                                                       




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                     The Courts or any agency in the judicial branch  
                 of government.


          Support:  None Known

          Opposition:  None Known

                                     HISTORY
           
          Source:  California Attorneys, Administrative Law Judges,  
                Hearing Officers and Deputy Labor Commissioners in  
                State Employment (CASE)

          Related Pending Legislation:  None Known

          Prior Legislation: AB 2850 (Firebaugh, 2002).  See  
          Background.

          Prior Vote: Asm. P.E., R. & S.S. (Ayes 8, Noes 0); Asm.  
                   Appr. (Ayes 24, Noes 0, Consent); Asm. Flr. (Ayes  
                   73, Noes 0, Consent)

          
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