BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       


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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 322
          Author:   Ortiz (D)
          Amended:  6/3/03
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE HEALTH & HUMAN SERV. COMMITTEE  :  10-3, 4/23/03
          AYES:  Ortiz, Alarcon, Chesbro, Escutia, Figueroa, Florez,  
            Kuehl, Romero, Vasconcellos, Vincent
          NOES:  Aanestad, Ashburn, Battin

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  8-5, 5/29/03
          AYES:  Alpert, Bowen, Burton, Escutia, Karnette, Machado,  
            Murray, Speier
          NOES:  Battin, Aanestad, Ashburn, Johnson, Poochigian


           SUBJECT  :    Human Stem Cell Research Review Council

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill requires the State Department of  
          Health Services to develop guidelines for research in  
          California involving the derivation or use of human  
          embryonic stem cells and an institutional review board to  
          review and approve research projects involving human  
          embryonic stem cells.  The bill requires the institutional  
          review board to ensure that all projects reviewed comply  
          with the guidelines established by the department. 

           ANALYSIS  :    

           Existing State Law
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           1.Declares the policy of the state of California that  
            research involving the derivation and use of human  
            embryonic stem cells, human embryonic germ cells, and  
            human adult stem cells from any source, including somatic  
            cell nuclear transplantation, shall be permitted and that  
            full consideration of the ethical and medical  
            implications of this research be given.

          2.Prohibits the cloning of a human being or engaging in  
            human reproductive cloning.

           Existing Federal Law, Regulations and Guidelines

           1.Prohibits the use of federal funds for any research in  
            which human embryos are created for research purposes or  
            are destroyed, discarded, or subjected to greater than  
            minimal risk.

          2.Requires all research involving human subjects conducted,  
            supported, or otherwise subject to regulation by any  
            Federal Department or Agency to comply with requirements  
            governing protection of human subjects, including review  
            by a federally-approved Institutional Review Board,  
            assurance that risks to subjects are minimized or that  
            risks to subjects are reasonable in relation to the  
            anticipated benefits of the research; and that standards  
            pertaining to informed consent are met.

          3.Prohibits the use of federal funds for the derivation or  
            use of stem cell lines derived from embryos created after  
            August 9, 2001, research in which embryonic stem cells  
            are derived using somatic cell nuclear transfer, and  
            research in which human embryonic stem cells are used in  
            combination with somatic cell nuclear transfer for the  
            purposes of reproductive cloning of a human being.

          4.Permits, specifically, federal funding of stem cell  
            research that is conducted using federally-approved  
            embryonic stem cell lines that were in existence as of  
            August 9, 2001 that were derived with the informed  
            consent of the donors of the embryos, from excess embryos  
            created solely for reproductive purposes, without any  
            financial inducements to the donors.







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          This bill:

          1.Requires the State Department of Health Services (DHS) to  
            develop guidelines for research involving the derivation  
            or use of human embryonic stem cells in California,  
            taking into consideration other applicable guidelines  
            developed or in use in the United States and other  
            countries.  Sunsets June 30, 2006.

          2.Requires all research projects involving the derivation  
            or use of human embryonic stem cells to be reviewed and  
            approved by an institutional review board (IRB) that is  
            established in accordance with federal regulations prior  
            to being undertaken.

          3.Requires any such IRB, in its review of human embryonic  
            stem cell research projects, consider and apply the  
            guidelines developed by DHS.

          4.Authorizes an IRB to require modification to the plan or  
            design of a proposed  human embryonic stem cell research  
            project as a condition of approving the research project.

          5.Requires, not less than once per year, an IRB to conduct  
            continuing review of research projects reviewed and  
            approved in order to ensure that the research continues  
            to meet the standards for approval.  Allows an IRB to  
            revoke its prior approval and require modifications  
            before permitting the research to continue.  Sunsets June  
            30, 2006.

          6.Requires each IRB to report to DHS annually on the number  
            of research projects that have been reviewed and the  
            status and disposition of each project.  Also requires  
            each IRB to report any unanticipated problems, unforeseen  
            issues or serious investigator noncompliance and actions  
            taken to respond to these situations.  Sunsets June 30,  
            2006.

          7.Requires DHS to at least annually review the reports and  
            revise the guidelines it deems necessary.  Requires DHS  
            to report annually to the Legislature on research  
            activity.  Sunsets June 30, 2006.







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           Comments

           There are currently no comprehensive federal guidelines or  
          oversight process that address the full array of ethical  
          and legal issues relevant to stem cell research, including  
          standardized procedures for informed consent and criteria  
          for use of embryos and human eggs for research.  In  
          January, 2002 the California Advisory Committee on Human  
          Cloning recommended that California "reasonably" regulate  
          therapeutic cloning.  According to the Committee, such  
          regulation would consist of a prohibition on the use of  
          preembryos after the development of the "primitive streak"  
          (which generally occurs after about 14 days of gestation);  
          assurance that persons providing cells for this purpose  
          provide informed consent; and a requirement that research  
          be approved by a federally-approved institutional review  
          board.

          The provisions of this bill are consistent with the  
          recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Human Cloning  
          but extend the mandate for the development of guidelines to  
          all forms of embryonic stem cell research.

           Related Legislation

           The author is also carrying SB 771, which requires the DHS  
          to establish an anonymous registry of embryos that have  
          been made available for research purposes, and SB 778,  
          which authorizes the issuance of general obligation bonds  
          for biomedical and stem cell research.

           Other Related Legislation

           SB 133 (Battin) - Prohibits human reproductive cloning and  
          therapeutic cloning.

          SB 765 (Ortiz) - Authorizes lease revenue bonds for  
          biomedical research. 

           Prior Legislation

           In 2002, the author successfully carried SB 253, which  
          declares state policy that research involving the  







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          derivation and use of human embryonic stem cells, human  
          embryonic germ cells, and human adult stem cells from any  
          source, including somatic cell nuclear transplantation,  
          shall be permitted and that full consideration of the  
          ethical and medical implementation of this research be  
          given.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee, cost to  
          the General Fund of $25,000 in 2003-04, $50,000 in 2004-05  
          and $50,000 in 2005-06.

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  6/3/03)

          The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
          American Lung Association
          Californians for Cure
          California Medical Association
          Children's Neurobiological Solutions Foundation
          Diabetes Coalition of California
          Gray Panthers
          Kirsch Foundation
          Parkinson's Action Network
          Numerous individuals

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  6/3/03)

          California Pro-Life Council, Inc.
          California Catholic Conference
          Campaign for California Families
          Committee on Moral Concerns
          Scholl Institute of Bioethics

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The author's office believes it is  
          necessary for California, in light of its position as a  
          world leader in stem cell research and in light of the fact  
          that private, and potentially state, funding is being  
          committed to stem cell research, to develop comprehensive  
          guidelines that address the ethical and legal issues  
          relevant to such research, to ensure that it is conducted  
          in an appropriate manner and pursuant to established  
          guidelines.







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          The author's office notes that many issues related to stem  
          cell research are currently not addressed in National  
          Institutes of Heath (NIH) guidelines or oversight  
          mechanisms, including the conditions under which unused  
          embryos and eggs may be donated for research; specific  
          procedures for informed consent on the part of embryo, egg,  
          and somatic material donors; timetables for derivation of  
          stem cells from developing embryos; and assurances that  
          embryonic stem cell research projects do not venture into  
          the area of human cloning, as defined in California law.

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    Opponents state that while they  
          support the work being done with adult stem cell research,  
          they oppose research that involves destruction of human  
          embryos or cloning of human embryos for purposes of  
          deriving human stem cells and they oppose any efforts that  
          would facilitate embryonic stem cell research through  
          establishment of boards, programs, or bond financing.  
           

          CP:cm  6/3/03   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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