BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 779
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          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 779 (Jones)
          As Amended August 31, 2007
          Majority vote 

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          |ASSEMBLY:  |58-2 |(June 5, 2007)  |SENATE: |30-6 |(September 6,  |
          |           |     |                |        |     |2007)          |
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           Original Committee Reference:    JUD.  

           SUMMARY  :  Makes changes designed to improve California's data  
          security breach notification law.  Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Prohibits, as of July 1, 2008, a person, business, or public  
            agency that sells goods or services to any resident in  
            California and accepts as payment a credit card, debit card,  
            other payment device from doing any of the following: 

             a)   Storing payment related data unless the person,  
               business, or agency has a data retention and disposal  
               policy which appropriately limits the amount and time that  
               payment related data are retained; 
             b)   Storing sensitive authentication data, as defined,  
               subsequent to authorization, even if the data is encrypted;  

             c)   Storing payment verification codes, payment verification  
               values, PIN verification values, or any payment related  
               data that is not needed for business purposes; 
             d)   Retaining a primary account number unless retained in a  
               manner that is consistent with the other provisions of this  
               bill and in a form that is expected to be indecipherable to  
               unauthorized persons;
             e)   Sending payment related data over open, public networks  
               unless the data is encrypted using strong cryptography and  
               security protocols or otherwise rendered indecipherable;  
               and,
             f)   Failing to limit access to payment related data only  
               those individuals whose job requires that access. 

          2)Exempts from the provision above any person or business  
            subject to sections 6801 to 6809 of Title 15 of the United  
            States Code (Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act) and state or federal  
            statutes or regulations implementing those sections, if the  








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            person or business is subject to compliance oversight by a  
            state or federal regulatory agency with respect to those  
            sections.  

          3)Provides, when breach notification is required, that the  
            breach notice must be written in plain language and shall  
            include, at a minimum, all of the following:

             a)   The date of the notice;
             b)   The name of the agency, person, or business that  
               maintained the data at the time of the breach;
             c)   The date, or estimated date, on which the breach  
               occurred, if the date or estimated date is possible to  
               determine;
             d)   A description of the categories of personal information  
               that was, or is reasonably believed to have been, acquired  
               by an unauthorized person;
             e)   A toll-free number, if available, or an electronic mail  
               address that the individual may use to contact the person,  
               entity, or agency responsible for the breach; and,
             f)   The toll-free numbers and addresses of the major credit  
               reporting agencies. 

          4)Provides, when breach notification is required, that the owner  
            or licensee of the personal information shall be entitled to  
            reimbursement from the person, business, or agency that  
            maintained the data for all reasonable and actual costs of  
            providing notice to consumers.

          5)Provides that if substitute notice is utilized, as provided by  
            existing law, the notice must also be provided to the Office  
            of Privacy Protection. 

           The Senate amendments  : 

          1)Clarify that the effective date of this bill is July 1, 2008.

          2)Make minor and clarifying changes relating to the required  
            contents of a breach notification.

          3)Incorporate provisions of AB 1298 and provide appropriate  
            chaptering provisions relative to AB 1298. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Senate Appropriations  
          Committee, the Department of General Services has indicated that  








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          if there were a breach of data security, however, notice and  
          liability costs to the state could be significant.  Under the  
          bill state agencies would be responsible both for notifying  
          customers and liable for unspecified "reasonable and actual  
          costs" even if they were following industry standards at the  
          time the breach occurred.  Compliance with PCI and the terms of  
          AB 779 would reduce the state's exposure to liability by  
          limiting if not eliminating the amount of consumer data stored  
          or retained in state databases, but to the extent the term  
          "reasonable and actual costs" is undefined and there is no  
          requirement in AB 779 for proof of risk to a consumer's data  
          prior to owners of the data recouping costs or damages, state  
          costs could be significant.  These costs would vary based on the  
          size of the breach , but assuming replacing a credit card were  
          to cost $5 and a state agency were to suffer a data security  
          breach impacting 30,000 records, replacement costs alone would  
          be $150,000, not including notice requirements and potential  
          response to consumer questions.
           
          Franchise Tax Board (FTB) indicates that since the majority of  
          its transactions with taxpayers are payments of tax obligations,  
          not goods or services, it has interpreted the bill's provisions  
          as having no application to FTB.

           AS PASSED BY THE ASSEMBLY  , this bill was substantially similar  
          to the version approved by the Senate.

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author and sponsor, the California  
          Credit Union League, this bill makes needed improvements to  
          California's landmark data breach notification law in light of  
          three years of experience with the operation of the law.  The  
          bill makes three important changes to existing law:  1) it  
          entitles the owner or licensee of personal information to  
          recover notification costs from the person, business, or agency  
          that actually maintained and compromised the data; 2) it  
          generally restricts how a person, business, or agency stores,  
          retains, sends, or otherwise uses personal payment data to a  
          manner which is necessary for business purposes; and, 3) it  
          specifies the form and content of breach notices so as to make  
          them more consumer-friendly.

          Existing law generally requires a person or business that owns  
          or licenses computerized data that contains an individual's  
          personal information to notify that individual in the event of a  
          security breach.  While the person or business that owns or  








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          licenses that data is often the same person or business that  
          maintains the data, this is not always the case.  This bill,  
          therefore, gives the owner or licensee of the data the right to  
          recover notification costs from the party that actually  
          compromised the data. 

          Existing law prescribes the methods by which notice shall be  
          given but says nothing about the required contents of the  
          notice.  This bill will require the notice to include the date  
          of the breach, the name of the person, business or agency that  
          maintained the data at the time of the breach, and the kinds of  
          personal information that may have been compromised.  In  
          addition, the notice has to include helpful information to the  
          consumer, including a toll-free number and address for  
          contacting the person, business, or agency that maintained the  
          data and toll-free numbers and addresses of the major credit  
          reporting agencies.  

          According to the author and supporters the provisions of this  
          bill will achieve three important objectives.  First, by giving  
          owners and licensees the right to seek reimbursement from the  
          party that compromised the data, it creates a financial  
          incentive for businesses to take better care of its customers'  
          personal information.  Second, it will make the notices  
          themselves more consumer-friendly.  Third, by imposing certain  
          limitations on the amount and time that data can be stored,  
          retained, and accessed, it will reduce identity theft by  
          reducing the amount of time that data is exposed to potential  
          unauthorized persons.  The author contends that this bill, as  
          amended, merely codifies existing best industry practices and  
          standards. 


          Opponents of this bill include a number of retail and financial  
          associations.  Opponents claim that government intervention is  
          unnecessary because the industry polices itself; for example,  
          merchants typically sign contracts to protect databases as a  
          condition of accepting credit card payments.


          Finally, some opponents oppose the reimbursement provision of  
          this bill on the grounds that it amounts to unwarranted  
          government interference between consenting businesses that have  
          contractual agreements and obligations.  









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           Analysis Prepared by :   Thomas Clark / JUD. / (916) 319-2334 


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