BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   AB 881|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 881
          Author:   Mullin (D)
          Amended:  7/5/07 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE :  7-4, 6/12/07
          AYES:  Lowenthal, Cedillo, Corbett, Kehoe, Simitian,  
            Torlakson, Yee
          NOES:  McClintock, Ashburn, Dutton, Harman
           
          SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  44-25, 5/7/07 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Child safety seats

           SOURCE  :     California Coalition for Childrens Safety and  
          Health
                      Safe Kids California
                      Safety Center Incorporated
                      Safety BeltSafe U.S.A.


           DIGEST  :    This bill requires, beginning on June 30, 2008,  
          children up to eight years of age to ride in a child safety  
          seat.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law prohibits a parent or guardian  
          from allowing a child who is six years of age or younger or  
          who weighs less than 60 pounds from being transported in a  
          motor vehicle unless that child is in a federally-approved  
                                                           CONTINUED





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          child safety seat in the rear seat of the vehicle.  When a  
          parent or guardian is not present, then existing law  
          prohibits a driver from transporting a child who is younger  
          than six years of age or weighs less than 60 pounds in a  
          motor vehicle unless the child is in child seat in the rear  
          seat of the vehicle.  

          A child under six years of age or 60 pounds may be  
          transported in the front seat of vehicle if there is no  
          rear seat, the rear seats are side-facing jump seats, the  
          rear seats are rear-facing seats, the child seat cannot be  
          installed properly in the rear seat, all the rear seats are  
          occupied by other children, or medical reasons necessitate  
          that the child cannot ride in the rear seat.

          In no case may a child who is under one year of age, 20  
          pounds, or riding in a rear-facing child seat be seated in  
          a front seat with an active passenger air bag.

          A parent or guardian may not allow a child from six years  
          to 15 years of age to transported in a motor vehicle unless  
          that child is in an appropriate child safety seat or seat  
          belt meeting federal safety standards.  When a parent or  
          guardian is not present, then existing law prohibits a  
          driver from transporting a child from six years to 15 years  
          of age in a motor vehicle unless that child is in an  
          appropriate child safety seat or seat belt meeting federal  
          safety standards.

          Existing law requires hospitals, clinics, or birthing  
          centers, when discharging a child under age six or 60  
          pounds, to provide and discuss information on the current  
          law requiring child safety seats to whomever the child is  
          released.  It requires rental car agencies to post a   
          notice stating that children under age six who weigh less  
          than 60 pounds must ride in the rear seat in a child safety  
          seat.  Rental car agencies must also make child safety  
          seats available for rent.
           
           This bill: 

          1. Requires children under the age of eight years old to be  
             transported in a rear seat in a car seat that meets  
             federal motor safety requirements, unless that child is  







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             four feet nine inches in height or taller, in which case  
             the child may be restrained by a seat belt rather than a  
             child seat.  This bill maintains the exceptions in  
             existing law to the requirement that child safety seats  
             be in the rear seat of the vehicle.

          2. Requires hospitals, clinics, or birthing centers, when  
             discharging a child under age eight, to provide and  
             discuss information on the current law requiring child  
             safety seats, seat belts, and transporting children in  
             rear seats to whomever the child is released.  

          3. Revises the disclosure that rental car agencies must  
             post regarding car seats to:

             A.    Conform to the new child seat requirements in this  
                bill.

             B.    Add the requirement that children must be in a  
                rear facing child passenger restraint system in the  
                backseat until they are both one year old and weigh  
                20 pounds.

             C.    Declare that everyone eight years and over must  
                wear a seat belt.
              
             D.    State that the rental car agency must provide  
                child seats for rent.

          4. Requires rental car companies to provide car seats, upon  
             request, for children less than eight years of age  
             rather than age six as under existing law.

          5. Declares that the state is eligible for federal funding  
             for public education and low-cost or no-cost booster  
             seats under the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient  
             Transportation Equity Act:  A Legacy for Users.  To be  
             eligible, states must require car seats for children up  
             to age eight.

          6. Makes other conforming changes to the laws governing  
             taxicabs and limousines.

          7. Becomes operative on June 30, 2008.







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           Prior Legislation  .  Last year, the Governor vetoed AB 2108  
          (Evans), a bill similar to this one, which required  
          children up to eight years of age to ride in a child safety  
          seat.  In his veto message, the Governor wrote:

            "I am returning Assembly Bill 2108 without my signature.

            "As the father of four, I am very supportive of laws  
            designed to protect children. Unfortunately, simply  
            increasing the maximum age requirement for children to be  
            restrained by vehicle booster seats, as proposed by AB  
            2108, will do little to actually better protect our  
            children.

            "Parental responsibility is the key to protecting our  
            children. Studies from the National Highway Traffic  
            Safety Administration (NHTSA) show overwhelmingly that  
            driver restraint use is the strongest predictor of child  
            restraint use.  It is most often the case that those that  
            use seatbelts themselves also properly restrain their  
            young passengers.  Conversely, those who disregard  
            seatbelt laws also fail to properly secure their  
            children.  If all adults responsible for young children  
            were to comply with current laws related to child  
            restraint systems, many tragic injuries and deaths could  
            be avoided.  As such, the way to better protect our  
            children is through education of and compliance with  
            existing laws, not the addition of new ones."

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  Yes

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  7/3/07)

          California Coalition for Children's Safety and Health  
          (co-source)
          Safe Kids California (co-source)
          Safety Center Incorporated (co-source)
          Safety BeltSafe U.S.A. (co-source)
          Association of California Insurance Companies
          Automobile Association of Southern California
          Baby Focus, Inc.
          California Child Development Administrators Association







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          California Medical Association
          California State Automobile Association
          California State PTA
          Center for the Independence of the Disabled, Inc.
          Child Abuse Prevention Council of Contra Costa County
          Children's Specialty Care Coalition
          Consumnes Community Services District Fire Department
          Cottage Health System
          National Transportation Safety Board
          Nevada County Safe Kids
          Oakland Police Department
          Personal Insurance Federation of California
          Sacramento Metropolitan Fire District
          Safe Kids Greater Sacramento
          Safe Kids of Santa Cruz County
          Safe Kids Sonoma County
          Safe Kids Worldwide
          Santa Cruz Child Care Planning Council
          State Farm
          Trauma Managers Association of California

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  7/5/07)

          Department of Motor Vehicles

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The Automobile Club of Southern  
          California and the California State Automobile Association  
          state:

            "AB 881 strengthens existing Child Passenger Safety (CPS)  
            laws and ultimately will save lives by requiring booster  
            seat protection for children until they are at least 8  
            years old or 4 feet 9 inches tall.  California statistics  
            show that children age six and seven continue to be  
            killed and injured at higher rates than other children.   
            This age group, often labeled as the 'forgotten child,'  
            is too big for child safety seats yet too small to fully  
            benefit from safety belts, which are designed for adults.  
             AB 881 also requires children under 8 years old to be  
            seated in the back seat addressing the fact that the  
            front passenger seat is the most dangerous seating  
            position in the car for children and adults because  
            inflating airbags can cause injuries to front seat  
            passengers.  These new requirements mirror the  







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            recommendations of the National Highway Traffic Safety  
            Administration and the American Academy of Pediatrics.

            "The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia has conducted  
            extensive research for their Partners for Child Passenger  
            Safety study.  Their study concluded that using a booster  
            seat rather than seat belt alone, reduces a child's risk  
            of injury by 59%.  Equally significant was their finding  
            that parents can reduce the risk of injury to their child  
            in a crash by 43% by properly seating their child in the  
            back seat.  Booster seats and seating position represent  
            the most reliable and cost effective solutions to  
            reducing child passenger injuries and fatalities."

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    The Department of Motor  
          Vehicles states:

            "While we fully support the concept of protecting  
            vulnerable young passengers, we note that this is the  
            fifth proposed change to the passenger restraint laws in  
            the past seven years.  Last year the Governor vetoed AB  
            2108, (Evans), which was similar to your bill, because of  
            the need to emphasize educational and enforcement options  
            to improve child passenger restraint system usage.

            "We are concerned that individuals who transport children  
            are becoming confused by the frequent changes in the law  
            and that enforcement officers are finding it increasingly  
            difficult to ascertain when a driver is in violation of  
            child passenger laws.  Therefore, we believe that  
            resources would be better spent, and our children better  
            served, if we focus our efforts on improving parental  
            education and stepping up enforcement to catch  
            scofflaws."  
           

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  : 
          AYES:  Arambula, Bass, Beall, Berg, Blakeslee, Brownley,  
            Caballero, Charles Calderon, Carter, Coto, Davis, De La  
            Torre, De Leon, DeSaulnier, Dymally, Eng, Feuer,  
            Galgiani, Hancock, Hayashi, Hernandez, Houston, Huffman,  
            Jones, Karnette, Krekorian, Laird, Leno, Levine, Lieber,  
            Ma, Mullin, Parra, Portantino, Price, Richardson, Ruskin,  
            Salas, Saldana, Solorio, Swanson, Torrico, Wolk, Nunez







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          NOES:  Adams, Aghazarian, Anderson, Berryhill, Cook,  
            DeVore, Emmerson, Fuller, Gaines, Horton, Huff, Jeffries,  
            Keene, La Malfa, Maze, Niello, Plescia, Sharon Runner,  
            Silva, Smyth, Spitzer, Strickland, Tran, Villines,  
            Walters
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Benoit, Duvall, Evans, Garcia, Garrick,  
            Lieu, Mendoza, Nakanishi, Nava, Soto, Vacancy


          JJA:mw  7/5/07   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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