BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                           
           AB 2064
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          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 2064 (Arambula)
          As Amended July 10, 2008
          Majority vote
           
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |60-16|(May 27, 2008)  |SENATE: |31-7 |(August 7,     |
          |           |     |                |        |     |2008)          |
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           Original Committee Reference:    ED.  

           SUMMARY  :  Requires the State Board of Education (SBE) and the  
          Curriculum Development and Supplemental Materials Commission  
          (Curriculum Commission) to ensure that the history-social  
          science framework, adopted in the course of the next submission  
          cycle after January 1, 2009, include the Vietnam War, including  
          the "Secret War" in Laos, the role of Southeast Asians in that  
          war, and the refugee/immigrant/new American experience.

           The Senate amendments  delete the requirement that SBE and the  
          Curriculum Commission ensure that the evaluation criteria and  
          instructional materials include the Vietnam War, make a  
          technical change, and add co-authors.

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Requires the Curriculum Commission to recommend curriculum  
            frameworks to SBE and develop criteria for evaluating  
            instructional materials submitted for adoption so that the  
            materials adopted adequately cover the subjects in the  
            indicated grade levels.  

          2)Requires SBE to ensure that curriculum frameworks are reviewed  
            and adopted in each subject area consistent with the six- and  
            eight-year submission cycles.

          3)Provides that the history-social science framework shall  
            include the following topics:  financial preparedness, the  
            Great Irish Famine of 1845-1850; Cesar Chavez and the history  
            of the farm labor movement; inclusion of the Declaration of  
            Independence; the United States (U.S.) Constitution; the  
            Federalist Papers; the Emancipation Proclamation; the  
            Gettysburg Address; and, and George Washington's Farewell  








                                                                           
           AB 2064
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            Address. 

          4)Provides that the Legislature encourages instruction on the  
            Vietnam War including the "Secret War" in Laos and the role of  
            Southeast Asians in that war.  Additionally provides the  
            following:

             a)   The Legislature encourages that this instruction  
               include, but not be limited to, a component drawn from  
               personal testimony, especially in the form of oral or video  
               history of Southeast Asians who were involved in the  
               Vietnam War and those men and women who contributed to the  
               war effort on the homefront;

             b)   The oral histories used as a part of the instruction  
               regarding the role of Southeast Asians in the Vietnam War  
               and the "Secret War" in Laos shall exemplify the personal  
               sacrifice and courage of the wide range of ordinary  
               citizens who were called upon to participate and provide  
               intelligence for the U.S.;

             c)   The oral histories shall contain the views and comments  
               of their subjects regarding the reasons for their  
               participation in the war; and,

             d)   These oral histories shall also solicit comments from  
               their subjects regarding the aftermath of the war and the  
               immigration of Southeast Asians to the U.S.

           AS PASSED BY THE ASSEMBLY  , this bill was substantially similar  
          to the version passed by the Senate. 

          FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Senate Appropriations  
          Committee, pursuant to Senate Rule 28.8, negligible state costs.

           COMMENTS  :  The curriculum content standards and frameworks, as  
          well as the instructional materials requirements and adoptions,  
          are overseen by the SBE for kindergarten and grades 1-8, and by  
          the governing boards of local education agencies for grades  
          9-12.  Existing law provides for the Curriculum Commission to  
          act as an advisory body to the SBE on curriculum and  
          instructional materials.  Curriculum frameworks provide a  
          blueprint for curriculum and instruction by describing the scope  
          and sequence of the knowledge and skills all students need to  








                                                                           
           AB 2064
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          master in a specific subject area.  The Curriculum Commission  
          has begun the process of updating the history-social science  
          framework for the 2009 history-social science primary adoption.   
          With input and direction from the Curriculum Commission and the  
          SBE, a curriculum framework and criteria committee will draft  
          the framework, which provides direction to publishers through  
          evaluation criteria that are used to select and adopt  
          instructional materials for kindergarten through grade eight.

          This bill requires the SBE and the Curriculum Commission to  
          include in the history-social science framework adopted in the  
          course of the next submission cycle, the Vietnam War, including  
          the "Secret War" in Laos, the role of Southeast Asians in that  
          war, and the refugee/immigrant/new American experience.

          The Vietnam War is covered in the grade 11 history-social  
          science content standard under Standard 11.9.3, which requires a  
          discussion of the origins and geopolitical consequences (foreign  
          and domestic) of the Cold War and containment policy.  The  
          corresponding framework provides the following: 

            The study of the foreign policy consequences of the Cold  
            War should be extended to an examination of the major  
            events of the administrations of Dwight D. Eisenhower,  
            John F. Kennedy, and Lyndon B. Johnson.  Students should  
            examine the United Nations' intervention in Korea,  
            Eisenhower's successful conclusion of that conflict, and  
            his administration's defense policies based on nuclear  
            deterrence and massive retaliation.  Foreign policy during  
            the Kennedy and Johnson administrations represents a  
            continuation of Cold War strategy, with the emphasis  
            shifting to guerrilla warfare in Southeast Asia and  
            leading to the Vietnam War.  Students should be aware of  
            U.S. support of anticommunist governments.  These events  
            should be placed within the context of continuing tensions  
            between the Soviet Union and the United States.  

          Current law, enacted by AB 78 (Reyes), Chapter 44, Statutes of  
          2003, encourages social science instruction in schools to  
          include instruction in the Vietnam War, including the "Secret  
          War" in Laos, and encourages the instruction to be derived from  
          personal testimonies.  The author believes that the next step is  
          to require the SBE to adopt the framework necessary to ensure  
          that instructional materials "exemplify the personal sacrifice  








                                                                           
           AB 2064
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          and courage of ordinary citizens who were called upon to  
          participate and provide intelligence to the United States."

          The author further states, "Throughout the United [States']  
          involvement in the Vietnam War, Southeast Asians were courageous  
          allies of the U.S. in the struggle against the spread of  
          communism.  For example, the Hmong people were actively  
          recruited and trained by the Central Intelligence Agency to take  
          up arms against the communist regime in support of the United  
          States' national security objectives.  The force became known as  
          the CIA's 'Secret Army' in Laos.  Southeast Asians should be  
          recognized for their valuable contributions to the cultural,  
          civic, and economic well-being of California and the United  
          States.  Additionally, students need to be taught about the  
          sacrifices groups have made to ensure the security and  
          prosperity of the United States."


           Analysis Prepared by :    Sophia Kwong Kim / ED. / (916) 319-2087  



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          0006206