BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







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          |Hearing Date:April 9, 2007     |Bill No:SB                |
          |                               |797                       |
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               SENATE COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS, PROFESSIONS AND ECONOMIC  
                                     DEVELOPMENT
                          Senator Mark Ridley-Thomas, Chair

                     Bill No:        SB 797Author:Ridley-Thomas
                  As Introduced:     February 23, 2007 Fiscal: Yes

          
          SUBJECT:   Contractors.
          
          SUMMARY:  Includes within the definition of tree removal and  
          pruning contractor a person who offers to perform, purports to  
          perform or submits a bid to perform contracting work; clarifies  
          that the enhanced penalties for persons with prior unlicensed  
          activity convictions applies not only for performing work, but  
          also for offering to perform or submitting a bid to perform  
          contracting work; applies the enhanced penalties for unlicensed  
          activity to a culpable person named on a revoked license who  
          contracts without a license.

          Existing law:

          1)Provides for the licensure and regulation of contractors under  
            the Contractors State License Law (Contractors Law) by the  
            Contractors State License Board (CSLB) within the Department  
            of Consumer Affairs. 

          2)Defines contractor as any person who undertakes to or offers  
            to undertake to, or purports to have the capacity to undertake  
            to, or submits a bid to perform contracting services, as  
            specified.

          3)Further defines several specific areas of contracting  
            including, performing tree removal, tree pruning, stump  
            removal, or engaging in tree or limb cabling or guying.

          4)Defines "person" as an individual, firm, copartnership,  
            corporation, association or other organization, or any  
            combination of any thereof, and requires a person to be  





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            licensed as a contractor if he or she engages in the business  
            of contracting or acts in the capacity of a contractor, and  
            provides that it is a misdemeanor for any person to act as a  
            contractor without a license.

          5)Requires that a qualifying individual must be named for each  
            contractor license, and the qualifying individual must show a  
            specified degree of knowledge and experience, and meet  
            prescribed qualifications.  Further requires the qualified  
            individual to be held responsible for exercising direct  
            supervision and control over the operation of the contractor's  
            business as necessary to ensure full compliance with the  
            Contractors Law. 

          6)Establishes enhanced penalties imposed by the court for a  
            repeat unlicensed contractor offender:

             a)   For a second conviction, a fine of 20 percent of the  
               price of the contract "under which the unlicensed person  
               performed contracting work" or $4,500, whichever is  
               greater, and imprisonment in the county jail for not less  
               than 90 days, as specified. 

             b)   For a third or subsequent conviction, a fine of $4,500  
               to $10,000 or 20 percent of the contract price "under which  
               the unlicensed person performed contracting work" or by  
               imprisonment in the county jail for 90 days to one year, as  
               specified.

          This bill:

          1)Clarifies that any person who performs, offers to perform,  
            purports to have the capacity to perform or submits a bid to  
            perform tree removal and pruning services must be licensed, as  
            specified.

          2)Clarifies that the enhanced penalties for repeat convictions  
            for unlicensed contracting applies to unlicensed persons who  
            perform or who offer to perform contracting work.

          3)Clarifies that misdemeanor penalties for unlicensed  
            contracting, including the enhanced penalties, also apply to  
            an unlicensed person who has been named on a previously  
            revoked license and was the person found responsible for the  
            act or omission which resulted in the revocation.






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          FISCAL EFFECT:  Unknown.  This bill has been keyed "fiscal" by  
          Legislative Counsel.

          COMMENTS:
          
          1.Purpose.  This bill is sponsored by the  Contractors State  
            License Board  (CSLB) to clarify the licensing law regarding  
            contracting without a license.  

          The CSLB states that the bill conforms the provisions relating  
            to tree trimming and tree removal contracting with the general  
            definition of a contractor which includes both those who  
            perform and also those who offer to perform contracting  
            services.  Additionally, the bill clarifies the enhanced  
            penalties for non-licensees to apply for both performing or  
            offering to perform contracting work.  The bill further  
            subjects the named qualifying individual on a revoked license  
            to the enhanced penalties if they act as a contractor without  
            a license.

          The CSLB states that the key elements of the Contractors Law  
            define those activities that constitute "acting in the  
            capacity of a contractor," including submitting a bid for  
            contracting services (BPC  7026), and acting in the capacity  
            of a contractor without a license is a misdemeanor.  However,  
            the provisions dealing with tree trimming and removal (BPC   
            7026.1) were added at a later time and do not conform to  
            Section 7026 relative to "submitting a bid" for services.  The  
            CSLB states that this discrepancy is hampering undercover  
            enforcement activities (sting operations) because unlicensed  
            tree service operators submit bids to the undercover officers,  
            but perform no services.  Because of this technicality in the  
            current language of Section 7026.1, some district attorneys  
            are refusing to accept criminal complaints against tree  
            service operators where proactive action has been taken by the  
            CSLB.  

          Similarly, the CSLB states, the enhanced penalties against those  
            who have been previously convicted of contracting without a  
            license are predicated on the "performance" of work, rather  
            than the submission of a bid.  Clearly, those with prior  
            convictions for contracting without a license, who are caught  
            in a sting operation should be subject to the more stringent  
            penalties prescribed by the law.  The submission of a bid at a  
            sting operation represents a continued disregard for the law.   
            The CSLB argues that revoked licensees who were found to be  





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            culpable in the acts resulting in the license revocation, and  
            who subsequently were caught offering or performing services  
            without a license should also be subject to the enhanced  
            penalties.

          2.Battling the Underground Economy.  The underground economy is  
            an ongoing threat to California's citizens and legitimate  
            businesses.  Illegal and unlicensed operators who fail to pay  
            taxes and comply with licensing and insurance laws take  
            revenues earmarked for public schools, law enforcement, and  
            other public services.  It is estimated that California loses  
            between $60 to $140 billion in revenues and unpaid taxes each  
            year as a result of the underground economy.

          In battling the underground economy, in 2006, the CSLB joined  
            with various state and federal regulators to form the Economic  
            and Employment Enforcement Coalition (EEEC) performing 12  
            construction sweeps.  In addition the CSLB continued its  
            proactive enforcement efforts with its Statewide Investigative  
            Fraud Team (SWIFT) carrying out more than 40 undercover sting  
            operations in 2006, targeting unlicensed operators and repeat  
            offenders.

          Through these efforts, the CSLB is able to initiate action  
            against numerous unlicensed contractors, and repeat unlicensed  
            offenders.  These unlicensed persons are typically cited or  
            arrested, and cases are referred to local district attorneys  
            for prosecution.  

          Since the violations occur during a sting operation, no  
            contracting work is actually performed, regardless of the  
            expressed intention to perform the services.  District  
            attorneys have been unwilling or unable to press misdemeanor  
            charges in certain cases of tree trimming and tree removal  
            services because the licensing law is not specific regarding  
            offering or bidding for these services.  Furthermore, district  
            attorneys have been unable to apply the enhanced misdemeanor  
            penalties under existing law for repeat unlicensed offenders  
            who only offer, but do not actually perform contracting work,  
            or to those unlicensed repeat offenders who have had licenses  
            previously revoked.




          3.Prior Legislation.  SB 488 (Soto) Chapter 205, Statues of  





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            2005, enhanced penalties for third and subsequent convictions  
            for contracting without a license and established a  
            misdemeanor penalty for the qualifying person of a  
            contractor's license to violate workers' compensation  
            insurance requirements.

          4.Tree Contracting Exceptions.  The tree removal and pruning  
            contracting requirements apply to those persons who perform  
            tree removal, tree pruning, stump removal, or engage in tree  
            or limb cabling or guying.  The licensing requirements do not  
            include a person performing the activities of a nurseryperson  
            who in the normal course of work does incidental tree pruning,  
            or guying of trees or tree limbs.  The licensing requirements  
            also do not include a gardener who in the normal course of  
            work does incidental pruning of trees that are less than 15  
            feet in height.

          Furthermore, the Contractor's Law does not apply to a project,  
            whether of one or more contracts, in which the aggregate price  
            which for labor, materials, and all other items, is less than  
            $500.

          5.Arguments in Support.  The  Engineering Contractors'  
            Association  , the  California Fence Contractors' Association  ,  
            the  Marin Builders' Exchange  , the  Flasher/Barricade  
            Association  , and the  California Chapter of the American Fence  
            Contractors' Association  , believes that this is an extremely  
            important bill for every licensed contractor as well as  
            consumers in California.  Applying the enhanced penalties for  
            unlicensed contractors who have been found to be a culpable  
            party on a revoked license would serve to protect the public  
            by adding a significant deterrent to the Contractors Law.   
            Prescribing the enhanced penalties for unlicensed contractors  
            who have prior convictions would also serve as an added  
            deterrent and serve to protect the public through the CSLB's  
            proactive enforcement efforts.

            The  California Landscape Contractors Association  (CLCA) states  
            that unlicensed landscape contracting is a growing problem.   
            It is relatively easy for unlicensed individuals to legally do  
            landscape maintenance, however many expand into contracting  
            for installation and renovation projects that exceed the $500  
            limit for labor and materials that may be performed without a  
            license.  CLCA states that often these unlicensed operators  
            don't have workers compensation insurance, don't deduct  
            payroll taxes, don't carry liability insurance, pay  





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            substandard wages, ignore worker health and safety laws,  
            exploit immigrant workers, and have criminal histories and  
            financial problems that put customers, employees, and the  
            public at risk.  Since unlicensed contractors have a  
            significantly lower cost of doing business, they compete  
            unfairly against responsible contractors who abide by the law,  
            according to CLCA.


          SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION:
          
           Support  :

          Contractors State License Board (Sponsor) 
          Engineering Contractors' Association
          California Fence Contractors' Association
          Marin Builders' Exchange
          Flasher/Barricade Association
          California Chapter of the American Fence Contractors'  
          Association
          California Landscape Contractors Association (CLCA) 

           Opposition  :

          None on file as of April 3, 2007.


          Consultant:G. V. Ayers