BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                               Jack Scott, Chair
                           2007-2008 Regular Session
                                        

          BILL NO:       SB 1105
          AUTHOR:        Margett
          AMENDED:       March 10, 2008
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  March 26, 2008
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:    Beth Graybill

          NOTE:  This bill has been referred to the Committees on  
          Education and Rules.   A "do pass" motion should include  
          referral to the Committee on Rules.   

           SUBJECT  :  Teacher Credentialing:  Criminal Convictions
          
           SUMMARY  

          This bill expands the definition of "conviction" when  
          applied to suspending or revoking teaching credentials to  
          include pleas of nolo contendere and allows the Commission  
          on Teacher Credentialing to make adverse action findings  
          available for more than one year. 

           BACKGROUND  

          Current law requires the Commission on Teacher  
          Credentialing (CTC) to revoke a credential when the holder  
          has been convicted of certain sex offenses or controlled  
          substance offense and prohibits reinstatement of the  
          credential for certain felony offenses.  

          Current law prohibits school districts from employing  
          persons in public school service who have been convicted of  
          certain sex or narcotics offenses and specifies that a  
          conviction following a plea of nolo contendere to those  
          specified crimes is deemed to be a conviction.  

          Current law requires the CTC, upon a plea of nolo  
          contendere to suspend all credentials held by the person  
          until final disposition regarding those credentials is made  
          by the CTC.  

          Current law establishes the Committee of Credentials (COC)  
          for the purpose of reviewing allegations that may be  




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          grounds for the denial, suspension, revocation of a  
          teaching or services credential issued by the CTC.  

          Current law prohibits the CTC from making adverse action  
          findings available to employing school districts beyond one  
          year from the date the COC makes its recommendations  
          regarding those findings to the Commission.  



           ANALYSIS
           
           This bill  :

          1)   Expands the definition of "conviction" for purposes of  
               suspending or revoking a credential to include pleas  
               of nolo contendere to specified offenses, including  
               certain sex or drug offenses and violent or serious  
               felonies.  

          2)   Removes the one-year limitation for making adverse  
               action findings available to employing school  
               districts, thereby requiring the CTC to make the  
               findings available indefinitely.  

          3)   Deletes provisions requiring a discretionary review  
               when a plea of nolo contendere does not constitute a  
               conviction.  

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  :  A recent Associated Press (AP)  
               study found that roughly 25% of all disciplinary  
               actions against teachers involve sexual misconduct.   
               In a study of all 50 states and the District of  
               Columbia, the AP found 2,570 educators nationwide  
               whose teaching credentials were revoked, denied,  
               surrendered, or sanctioned following allegations of  
               sexual misconduct.  The study revealed that between  
               2001 and 2005, 313 California educators had their  
               credential suspended or revoked as a result of sexual  
               misconduct.  

          The study noted that while California law requires  
               educators who plead guilty to or are convicted of  
               specified sex, controlled substance, and violent  




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               felony offenses to lose their credential, existing law  
               allows educators who plead "no contest" to those same  
               crimes to maintain a valid credential while the CTC  
               reviews the criminal record and acts on the  
               disposition of the credential.  

          According to CTC staff, credential holders who undergo such  
               reviews can still claim to be credentialed and  
               continue to be around children.  In addition, the  
               provision which allows a discretionary review can be  
               problematic because of the passage of time and the  
               reluctance of child victims leading to difficulty in  
               providing sufficient admissible evidence to sustain a  
               revocation at the administrative hearing level.  By  
               expanding the definition of conviction to include "no  
               contest" pleas and ensuring that educators charged  
               with serious offenses are not working with children.   
               SB 1105 closes the "no contest" loophole identified in  
               the AP study.  

           2)   Disclosure of findings  :  Under current law, adverse  
               action findings of the CTC can only be made available  
               to an employing school district for one year.  If more  
               than a year has passed, the employing school district  
               obtains a verified release from the credential holder.  
                This barrier allows many offenses to remain  
               confidential and can make it difficult for employing  
               districts to be aware of an educator's background.   
               While removing the one-year disclosure limitation  
               enables districts to have more complete information  
               about educators they are considering hiring, should  
               these findings be available to districts indefinitely?  
                

           3)   State Mandate  :  This bill was originally keyed as  
               creating a state-mandated local program because it  
               included a reference to a section of Education Code  
               concerning certificates issued by county boards of  
               education.  The current version of the bill deletes  
               this reference and is confined to actions required of  
               the CTC.  Notwithstanding the Legislative Counsel's  
               Digest reference to the contrary, staff notes that the  
               current version of the bill does not contain a state  
               mandate.  

           4)   Related legislation  :  SB 1110 (Scott), which is to be  




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               considered by this committee on March 26, requires the  
               CTC to suspend an educator's California credential  
               when it receives notice that the educator's  
               credentials have been revoked by another state and  
               requires the suspension to remain in effect until the  
               CTC takes final action on the California credential.   
               In addition, SB 1110 requires the CTC to revoke  
               credentials of educators convicted of crimes that  
               result in limited or prohibited contact with children  
               and prohibits reinstatement of the credential until  
               the terms of the criminal probation are satisfied.  

           5)   Fiscal impact  .  SB 1105 will result in modest savings  
               by eliminating the need for criminal record reviews  
               that follow "no contest" pleas.  According to the CTC,  
               removing the one-year disclosure limitation will  
               result in minor but absorbable costs.  

           SUPPORT  

          California Commission on Teacher Credentialing (Sponsor)
          California District Attorneys Association
          California School Boards Association
          Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office
          School Innovations and Advocacy

           OPPOSITION

           California Teachers Association