BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 228
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          Date of Hearing:   April 13, 2009

                    ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON UTILITIES AND COMMERCE
                                Felipe Fuentes, Chair
                    AB 228 (Huffman) - As Amended:  April 2, 2009
           
          SUBJECT  :   Outdoor Lighting Efficiency

           SUMMARY  :   Requires the California Energy Commission (CEC) to  
          adopt minimum energy efficiency standards that would reduce  
          statewide electricity consumption from outdoor lighting as soon  
          as practicable.

           EXISTING LAW  :   

          1)Requires the CEC to adopt minimum energy efficiency standards  
            for all general-purpose lights. The standards are to be  
            structured so that standards, along with programs and  
            activities will reduce the average statewide electrical energy  
            consumption from outdoor lighting by not less than 25% from  
            2007 levels by 2018. 

          2)Requires the CEC to consult with the Department of  
            Transportation (DOT) to ensure that outdoor lighting standards  
            that affect the department are compatible with the  
            department's policies and standards for safety.

           THIS BILL  :  

          1)Requires that instead of  adopting minimum energy efficiency  
            standards for outdoor lighting that would reduce consumption  
            of outdoor lighting by 25% by 2018 that the CEC adopt  
            standards that would reduce consumption by 25% as soon as  
            practicable. 

          2)Clarifies that when adopting the outdoor lighting standards  
            the CEC shall have the authority to include efficiency  
            standards for outdoor lighting systems. 

          3)Eliminates the requirement that the CEC consult with DOT when  
            adopting outdoor lighting standards.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown.

           COMMENTS  :   According to the author, the purpose of this bill is  
          to further increase the efficiency of outdoor lighting by  







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          requiring the CEC to adopt more stringent outdoor lighting  
          standards. 

          1)  Background  : AB 1109 (Huffman), Chapter 534, Statutes of 2007,  
          required the CEC to adopt minimum efficiency standards for both  
          indoor and outdoor lighting by January 1, 2008. The bill  
          required that the standards for outdoor lighting should result  
          in a 25% decrease in electricity usage by 2017. The CEC has  
          adopted specific standards for general-purpose light bulbs  
          (which included bulbs used in outdoor lighting). However, to  
          meet the 25% reduction, the CEC may be required to implement  
          standards for entire lighting systems that will reduce overall  
          usage. These standards could include systems such as automatic  
          shut off switches, dimmers, motion sensors, etc. 

          2)  Two categories of outdoor lighting  : For regulatory purposes,  
          the CEC has divided outdoor lighting into two categories: public  
          right-of-way lighting (ROW lighting) and sight lighting. The ROW  
          lighting includes street lights and traffic lights that are  
          owned by local or state government. Sight lighting is lighting  
          in outdoor spaces such as parking lots and other public spaces. 

          Lighting efficiency standards are incorporated in two different  
          sections of regulatory Code. Title 20 applies to standards for  
          appliances and includes specific efficiency standards for light  
          bulbs. 

          Title 24 applies to building standards for new construction.  In  
          2008, the CEC adopted updates to Title 24 Standards that include  
          efficiency standards for outdoor sight lighting, which go into  
          effect in August 2009.  The standards include minimum efficiency  
          standards on the individual bulbs and requirements that most  
          outdoor lighting have automatic controls that turn the lighting  
          off in the daytime. While the CEC has authority to adopt Title  
          24 standards.  The updated Title 24 standards do not apply to  
          ROW lighting. Additionally, since Title 24 only applies to new  
          construction, Title 24 standards could not be used to require  
          retrofits of existing outdoor lighting. 

          3)  More stringent standards  : AB 229 changes current law which  
          provides that the CEC should adopt standards that reduce  
          electricity consumption for outdoor lighting by 25% by 2017 and  
          instead requires that the CEC adopt standards to meet the 25%  
          goal as soon as practicable. According to CEC staff, the 2017  
          time frame is already an aggressive goal and they do not believe  
          the goal can be met sooner than that date. 







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          AB 229 also gives the CEC explicit authority to adopt efficiency  
          standards for lighting systems. This provision is a restatement  
          of existing law as the CEC has the authority to adopt lighting  
          system standards under Title 24 today. 

          4)  Weaker standards  : While the intent of the author is to  
          require the CEC to adopt more stringent outdoor lighting  
          standards by accelerating the time frame in which the 25%  
          reduction in outdoor lighting energy consumption is met, the  
          bill could actually allow the CEC to extend the target date for  
          the 25% reduction beyond what is already required in law. The  
          bill allows the CEC to set the standards to reduce lighting  
          energy consumption by 25% "as soon as practicable." The CEC  
          could determine that even 2018 is not practicable and thus  
          extend the date beyond 2018.  The committee and the author may  
          wish to amend the bill to clarify that the CEC should set the  
          target date to be as soon as practicable, but no later than  
          2018.  

          5)  Federal Preemption  : After the passage AB 1109 the federal  
          government adopted similar lighting efficiency standards. Those  
          standards did not preempt the California standards. A new  
          lighting efficiency bill (HR 1732) has been introduced in the  
          House of Representatives that contains language that states that  
          the federal standards preempt state lighting standards unless  
          the standards were adopted "pursuant to a statutory requirement  
          to adopt efficiency standards for reducing outdoor lighting  
          energy use enacted prior to January, 31, 2008." By changing the  
          dates by which the 25% reduction should be met, AB 228 could be  
          changing California's statutory requirement and thus creating a  
          federal preemption of our own standards. 

          6) Fill in the blank  : This bill provides that the CEC should  
          adopt the new outdoor lighting standards no later than an  
          unspecified date. The general policy of the committee is not to  
          approve bills with blanks in them. If the CEC were to adopt new  
          lighting standards, they would adopt the standards as part of an  
          update to either Title 20 or Title 24. The next update for Title  
          24 is schedule to be adopted in 2011.  The committee and the  
          author may wish to consider amending the bill to require the CEC  
          to adopt the new standards no later than December 31, 2011  . 

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

          Support 







                                                                 AB 228
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          Breathe California
          Planning and Conservation League
          Sierra Club California

           Opposition 
           
          None on file.
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Edward Randolph / U. & C. / (916)  
          319-2083