BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                             Senator Mark Leno, Chair                A
                             2009-2010 Regular Session               B

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          AB 320 (Solorio)                                            
          As Amended June 1, 2009 
          Hearing date:  July 2, 2009
          Government Code
          AA:br


                             PRISON AND JAIL CONSTRUCTION  :  

                REENTRY FACILITIES; FUNDING PREFERENCES FOR COUNTIES  


                                       HISTORY

          Source:  Author

          Prior Legislation: AB 900 (Solorio) - Ch. 7, Stats. 2007

          Support: AFSCME, AFL-CIO; Orange County Board of Supervisors;  
                   Orange County Sheriff-Coroner; California Peace  
                   Officers' Association; California Police Chiefs  
                   Association; Los Angeles County Sheriff; California  
                   State Sheriffs' Association

          Opposition:City of Irvine

          Assembly Floor Vote:  Ayes  76 - Noes  1


                                         KEY ISSUE
           
          SHOULD COUNTIES THAT PROVIDE EXISTING COUNTY JAIL BEDS FOR USE AS  
          STATE PRISON REENTRY BEDS BE GIVEN THE SAME FUNDING PREFERENCE FOR  




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                                                           AB 320 (Solorio)
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          JAIL FINANCING UNDER AB 900 AS COUNTIES THAT ASSIST THE STATE IN  
          SITING A PRISON REENTRY FACILITY?




                                       PURPOSE

          The purpose of this bill is to give counties that provide  
          existing county jail beds for use as state prison reentry beds  
          the same funding preference for jail financing under AB 900 as  
          counties that assist the state in siting a prison reentry  
          facility.

           Current law  , as enacted in 2007 by AB 900 (Solorio, Statutes of  
          2007), generally authorizes $6.2 billion in lease-revenue bond  
          financing for construction of 40,000 new state prison beds and  
          $1.2 billion for an estimated 13,000 new county jail beds,  
          phased-in over time and contingent upon a series of  
          construction and rehabilitation program implementation  
          benchmarks.  (Government Code  15819.40 et seq.)

           Current law  , as enacted in 2007 by AB 900, provides for the  
          construction, establishment and operation of reentry facilities  
          throughout the state, as specified.  (Penal Code  6270 et seq.)

           Current law  , as enacted by AB 900, provides for the financing of  
          county jail facilities.  The Corrections Standards Authority  
          ("CSA') is required to approve or disapprove jail facilities  
          under these provisions, as specified.  (Government Code   
          15820.906; 15820.911.)

           Current law  specifies county matching funds required for  
          projects funded by these provisions, and expressly requires that  
          the "The CDCR and CSA shall give funding preference to counties  
          that assist the state in siting reentry facilities, . . . ."   
          (Government Code  15820.917.)

           This bill  would revise this preference to give "coequal"  
          preference to counties which either assist the state in siting  




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                                                           AB 320 (Solorio)
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          reentry facilities, as is required in current law, or "providing  
          existing beds and program space in county jails for use as  
          reentry facilities . . . ."


           This bill  also would provide that a "county interested in  
          providing reentry services to state inmates shall be required to  
          enter into a long-term agreement with the CDCR to provide those  
          services and the CDCR shall certify that the proposed reentry  
          services meet their approval."

           This bill  would provide that the "amendments made to this  
          section in the 2009-10 Regular Session by the act that added  
          this subdivision are prospective only and not intended to affect  
          any Phase 1 grant awards that were made prior to the enactment  
          of this act."

                    RECEIVERSHIP/OVERCROWDING CRISIS AGGRAVATION
          
          California continues to face a severe prison overcrowding  
          crisis.  The Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR)  
          currently has about 170,000 inmates under its jurisdiction.  Due  
          to a lack of traditional housing space available, the department  
          houses roughly 15,000 inmates in gyms and dayrooms.   
          California's prison population has increased by 125% (an average  
          of 4% annually) over the past 20 years, growing from 76,000  
          inmates to 171,000 inmates, far outpacing the state's population  
          growth rate for the age cohort with the highest risk of  
          incarceration.<1>

          In December of 2006 plaintiffs in two federal lawsuits against  
          CDCR sought a court-ordered limit on the prison population  
          pursuant to the federal Prison Litigation Reform Act.  On  
          ---------------------------
          <1>  "Between 1987 and 2007, California's population of ages 15  
          through 44 - the age cohort with the highest risk for  
          incarceration - grew by an average of less than 1% annually,  
          which is a pace much slower than the growth in prison  
          admissions."  (2009-2010 Budget Analysis Series, Judicial and  
          Criminal Justice, Legislative Analyst's Office (January 30,  
          2009).)



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          February 9, 2009, the three-judge federal court panel issued a  
          tentative ruling that included the following conclusions with  
          respect to overcrowding:

               No party contests that California's prisons are  
               overcrowded, however measured, and whether considered  
               in comparison to prisons in other states or jails  
               within this state.  There are simply too many  
               prisoners for the existing capacity.  The Governor,  
               the principal defendant, declared a state of emergency  
               in 2006 because of the "severe overcrowding" in  
               California's prisons, which has caused "substantial  
               risk to the health and safety of the men and women who  
               work inside these prisons and the inmates housed in  
               them."  . . .  A state appellate court upheld the  
               Governor's proclamation, holding that the evidence  
               supported the existence of conditions of "extreme  
               peril to the safety of persons and property."  
               (citation omitted)  The Governor's declaration of the  
               state of emergency remains in effect to this day.

               . . .  the evidence is compelling that there is no  
               relief other than a prisoner release order that will  
               remedy the unconstitutional prison conditions.

               . . .

               Although the evidence may be less than perfectly  
               clear, it appears to the Court that in order to  
               alleviate the constitutional violations California's  
               inmate population must be reduced to at most 120% to  
               145% of design capacity, with some institutions or  
               clinical programs at or below 100%.  We caution the  
               parties, however, that these are not firm figures and  
               that the Court reserves the right - until its final  
               ruling - to determine that a higher or lower figure is  
               appropriate in general or in particular types of  
               facilities.

               . . .




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               Under the PLRA, any prisoner release order that we  
               issue will be narrowly drawn, extend no further than  
               necessary to correct the violation of constitutional  
               rights, and be the least intrusive means necessary to  
               correct the violation of those rights.  For this  
               reason, it is our present intention to adopt an order  
               requiring the State to develop a plan to reduce the  
               prison population to 120% or 145% of the prison's  
               design capacity (or somewhere in between) within a  
               period of two or three years.<2>

          The final outcome of the panel's tentative decision, as well as  
          any appeal that may be in response to the panel's final  
          decision, is unknown at the time of this writing.

           This bill  does not appear to aggravate the prison overcrowding  
          crisis outlined above.

                                      COMMENTS

          1.  Stated Need for This Bill

           According to information provided by the author's office:

            This bill is a follow-up to the Public Safety and  
            Offender Rehabilitation Services Act of 2007 (AB 900). .  
            . .

            Many counties in the state have been unable to receive  
            bond construction funding due to some of the requirements  
            or restrictions tied to the eligibility process.  As of  
            January, 2009 eleven counties (San Bernardino, San  
            Joaquin, Kern, Santa Barbara, San Diego, San Luis Obispo,  
            ------------------------
          <2>  Three Judge Court Tentative Ruling, Coleman v.  
          Schwarzenegger, Plata v. Schwarzenegger, in the United States  
          District Courts for the Eastern District of California and the  
          Northern District of California United States District Court  
          composed of three judges pursuant to Section 2284, Title 28  
          United States Code (Feb. 9, 2009).



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                                                           AB 320 (Solorio)
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            Yolo, Madera, Calaveras, Amador and San Benito) have been  
            awarded bond money for jail construction.  However, there  
            is still more that $164 million in bond money that has  
            not been awarded because many counties were not able to  
            comply with all the eligibility requirements.  The  
            biggest obstacle for many of these counties was that they  
            were not able to site a re-entry facility in their county  
            and, therefore, did not receive the preference points  
            needed to enhance their chances of receiving bond money.  
            . . .

            AB 320 would create another incentive for counties that  
            apply or re-apply for AB 900 bond money by granting  
            co-equal preference to counties that provide re-entry  
            beds in their community by using existing beds.  Not only  
            would AB 320 help more counties receive AB 900 jail  
            construction funding, but it will help the state achieve  
            its' goal of providing up to 6,000 new re-entry beds.  It  
            is important to note that AB 320 is intended to be  
            prospective and will not have any impact on any existing  
            awards for jail construction bond financing prior to the  
            enactment of this Act.

          2.  Background

           As explained in the Assembly Appropriations Committee April 29,  
          2009 analysis of this bill:

               AB 900 . . . authorized $6.2 billion in lease-revenue  
               bond financing for construction of 40,000 new state  
               prison beds and $1.2 billion for an estimated 13,000  
               new county jail beds, phased-in over time and  
               contingent upon a series of construction and  
               rehabilitation program implementation benchmarks.

               AB 900 required CDCR to enhance existing programs to  
               reduce recidivism and implement new ones, including  
               substance abuse treatment, mental health care and  
               academic and vocational services.  The two-pronged  
               approach was designed to provide new prison beds,  




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               while establishing stronger rehabilitation and reentry  
               efforts.

               AB 900 has stalled.  No prison or jail beds have been  
               constructed.







































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               . . . (N)umerous counties have been unable to offer  
               sites to CDCR for reentry facilities.  $586 million in  
               jail construction awards is currently recommended by  
               the Corrections Standards Authority (CSA) for 11  
               counties (for a 5,300 net gain in jail beds) who have  
               been able to offer reentry sites to the state . . . .   
               Thirteen additional counties requested awards, but were  
               unable to provide the state a suitable reentry site,  
               often due to community opposition:  Orange, Monterey,  
               L.A., San Mateo, Butte, Placer, Stanislaus, Merced,  
               Kings, Tuolumne, Shasta, El Dorado, and Sutter.

          3.  Reentry Requirements; Suggested Amendments
           
          Current law, as enacted by AB 900, contains the following  
          codified legislative findings and declarations relevant to  
          reentry facilities:

              The continuity of services provided both before  
              and after an inmate's release on parole will  
              improve the parolee's opportunity for successful  
              reintegration into society.

              Placing an inmate in a secure correctional  
              facility within the community prior to parole into  
              that community provides the opportunity for both  
              parole officers and local law enforcement  
              personnel to better coordinate supervision of that  
              parolee.  (Penal Code  6270.)

          Current law requires the following with respect to prison  
          reentry facilities funded under AB 900:

              Reentry program facilities shall provide  
              programming to inmates and parole violators  
              tailored to the specific problems faced by this  
              population when reintegrating into society.   
              Persons housed in these facilities shall receive  
              risk and needs assessments, case management  




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                                                           AB 320 (Solorio)
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              services, and wraparound services that provide a  
              continuity of support services between custody and  
              parole.  (Penal Code  6272.)

              In the locations where a reentry program facility  
              is established, the Department of Corrections and  
              Rehabilitation shall develop a collaborative  
              partnership with local government, local law  
              enforcement, and community service providers.   
              (Penal Code  6273.)

          The author and/or the Committee may wish to consider whether  
          this bill should be amended to specifically provide that  
          existing county beds being employed as prison reentry beds  
          provide the same programming required of reentry facilities  
          under AB 900.

          SHOULD THIS BILL BE AMENDED TO ENSURE THAT ANY COUNTY BEDS USED  
          AS PRISON REENTRY BEDS PROVIDE THE SAME PROGRAMMING REQUIRED OF  
          REENTRY FACILITIES UNDER AB 900?
           
           In addition, the bill currently does not specify how many  
          reentry beds a county would be required to provide in order to  
          qualify for the funding preference.  In theory, a county could  
          provide a very small number of reentry beds that would entitled  
          the county to a funding preference for building a much greater  
          number of jail beds.  Members may wish to consider whether this  
          bill should require counties to provide a number of reentry beds  
          at least equal to the number of jail beds the AB 900 funding  
          would allow them to build in order to qualify for the funding  
          preference.

          SHOULD THIS BILL BE AMENDED TO REQUIRE THAT A COUNTY PROVIDE A  
          NUMBER OF REENTRY BEDS AT LEAST EQUAL TO THE NUMBER OF JAIL BEDS  
          THE AB 900 FUNDING WOULD HELP THEM BUILD IN ORDER TO QUALIFY FOR  
          THE AB 900 FUNDING PREFERENCE?
           
           
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                                                           AB 320 (Solorio)
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