BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 485
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          Date of Hearing:  April 27, 2009

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON JUDICIARY
                                  Mike Feuer, Chair
                    AB 485 (Carter) - As Amended:  April 13, 2009
           
          SUBJECT  :   CIVIL AIR PATROL: CALIFORNIA WING: EMPLOYMENT LEAVE

           KEY ISSUE  :  SHOULD EMPLOYERS PROVIDE UNPAID LEAVE AND OTHER JOB  
          SECURITY PROTECTIONS, AS SPECIFIED, FOR THEIR EMPLOYEES WHO ARE  
          VOLUNTEER MEMBERS OF THE CALIFORNIA WING OF THE CIVIL AIR PATROL  
          WHEN THEY RESPOND TO AN AUTHORIZED EMERGENCY OPERATIONAL  
          MISSION?  
           
          FISCAL EFFECT  :  As currently in print this bill is keyed fiscal.

                                      SYNOPSIS
          
          The Civil Air Patrol (CAP), the official civilian auxiliary of  
          the U.S. Air Force, is an all-volunteer organization that  
          performs more than 90% of search and rescue missions for general  
          aviation aircraft in the nation, and also provides emergency  
          response support for disasters like earthquakes, fires, and   
          floods.  The California Wing of the Civil Air Patrol is made up  
          of more than 3,000 volunteer members who, unlike most members of  
          the armed forces, do not receive salaries or stipends for their  
          service to the state and nation.  Supporters of this  
          non-controversial bill argue that new law is needed to establish  
          a right to unpaid employment leave and job security for  
          volunteer members of the California Wing when members respond to  
          an authorized emergency operational mission.  They reasonably  
          contend that volunteer CAP members should not be at risk of  
          losing their jobs when they miss work because they are away  
          serving the public in their Air Patrol capacity.  There is no  
          known opposition to the bill and the bill recently passed the  
          Labor and Employment Committee by unanimous vote.  

           SUMMARY  :  Establishes a right to unpaid employment leave and  
          other job protections for a volunteer member of the California  
          Wing of the Civil Air Patrol when the member responds to an  
          authorized emergency operational mission.  Specifically,  this  
          bill  :   

          1)Provides that an employer with more than 15 employees shall  
            not discriminate against or discharge a member of the Civil  








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            Air Patrol (CAP) due to the employee's membership in CAP and  
            shall not hinder or prevent a member from performing service  
            as part of the California Wing of CAP during an emergency  
            operational mission.

          2)Requires an employer with more than 15 employees to provide  
            not less than 15 days per calendar year of unpaid leave to an  
            employee responding to an emergency operational mission of the  
            California Wing of CAP, as specified.

          3)Defines an "employee" as a person who has been employed by the  
            employer for at least a 90-day period immediately preceding  
            the commencement of leave.

          4)Requires an employee to give the employer as much notice as  
            possible of the intended date upon which the CAP leave will  
            begin and end. 

          5)Authorizes an employer to require certification from the  
            proper CAP authority to verify employee eligibility for leave,  
            and provides that the employer may deny the leave to be taken  
            as CAP leave if the employee fails to provide the required  
            certification.

          6)Specifies that an employee taking leave shall not be required  
            to exhaust accrued vacation leave, personal leave,  
            compensatory leave, sick leave, disability leave or other  
            leave.

          7)Provides that nothing in this act prevents an employer from  
            providing paid leave to the employee for taking such leave.

          8)Requires an employer to restore an employee to the position he  
            or she held when the leave began, or to a position with  
            equivalent seniority status, employee benefits, pay and other  
            terms and conditions of employment.  However, an employer may  
            decline to restore an employee because of conditions unrelated  
            to their exercise of rights under this bill.

          9)Prohibits an employer from interfering with, retraining or  
            denying the exercise of rights under this bill.

          10)Authorizes an employee to bring a civil action in the  
            appropriate state court of appeal to enforce these provisions,  
            and allows the court to enjoin any act or practice that  








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            violates this act and to order equitable relief necessary to  
            enforce these provisions.

           EXISTING LAW  :  

          1)Existing federal law, the Uniformed Services Employment and  
            Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA), prohibits an employer from  
            denying any benefit of employment on the basis of an  
            individual's membership, application for membership,  
            performance of service, application for service, or obligation  
            for service in the uniformed services.  USERRA also requires  
            that employers rehire a veteran, reservist, or National Guard  
            member after being absent due to military service or training,  
            assuming the absence has been less than five years and the  
            employee notified the employer either verbally or in writing  
            of the upcoming deployment.  (38 U.S.C.  4301 - 4335.)
                
           2)Existing federal law, the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA),  
            requires all employers with 50 or more employees within a 75  
            mile radius to grant 12 weeks of unpaid leave in a 12-month  
            period to any employee who is eligible.  An employee may take  
            this leave for the purposes of child birth, care of a newly  
            adopted child or newly placed foster child, and care for the  
            serious health condition of the employee, the employee's  
            spouse or registered domestic partner, or the employee's child  
            or parent.  With certain exceptions, the employee taking the  
            leave must be reinstated.  (29 USC 2601 et seq.; 29 CFR Part  
            825.)

          3)Existing federal law, the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA),  
            was amended in 2008 to provide "military family leave  
            entitlements" that allow eligible employees to take:

               a)     Up to 12 weeks of job-protected leave for any  
                 "qualifying exigency" arising out of the active duty or  
                 call to active duty status of a spouse, son, daughter or  
                 parent; and
               b)     Up to 26 weeks of job-protected leave to care for a  
                 covered service member with a serious injury or illness.   
                 (29 USC 2601 et seq.; 29 CFR Part 825)

          4)Existing state law, the California Family Rights Act (CFRA),  
            provides many of the same employment leave protections that  
            are in the federal FMLA, but in some situations provides job  
            protection not provided by California paid family leave laws.   








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            (Gov. Code Section 12945.2.)

          5)Existing state law prohibits discrimination against members of  
            the military or naval forces of the state or of the United  
            States based on that membership, and prohibits employers from  
            discharging any person from employment because of the  
            performance or ordered military duty or training, or by reason  
            of being a member of the military or naval forces of this  
            state.  (Military and Veterans Code Sections 394 and 395).

          6)Existing state law provides that state employees called into  
            service by the Office of Emergency Services, including  
            volunteers members of the California Wing of the Civil Air  
            Patrol, are entitled to up to 10 calendar days per fiscal year  
            of administrative time off from their appointing power.   
            (Government Code Section 19844.5.)

          7)Existing law in nine other states establishes a similar right  
            to employment leave and other job protections for CAP members  
            in those states responding to emergency operational missions.

           COMMENTS  :  This non-controversial bill would establish a right  
          to unpaid employment leave and other job protections for  
          volunteer members of the California Wing of the Civil Air Patrol  
          when they respond to an authorized emergency operational mission  
          that takes them away from the workplace for the length of the  
          mission.

           CAP Members are Unpaid Volunteers Who Need Job Protections to  
          Continue Their Public Service.   The Civil Air Patrol, the  
          official civilian auxiliary of the U.S. Air Force, is an  
          all-volunteer organization with 57,000 members nationwide.  CAP  
          performs more than 90% of search and rescue missions for general  
          aviation aircraft in the nation, and also provides support  
          during emergency situations including earthquakes, fires,  
          floods, and searches for missing persons.  According to the  
          author, the California Wing of the Civil Air Patrol is made up  
          of more than 3,000 volunteer members who, unlike most members of  
          the armed forces, do not receive salaries or stipends for their  
          service to the state and nation. 

          The author explains the need for this bill, stating:

               When these members are called upon to serve in an  
               emergency mission, there is no law to ensure that  








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               their jobs will remain after the mission is  
               complete. With the current economy, we may lose our  
               brave Civil Air Patrol members because they cannot  
               afford to lose their day jobs.

          Under existing state law, CAP members who are employed by the  
          state are entitled to up to ten days per year of administrative  
          time off from their regular employment to respond to emergency  
          operational missions conducted by the Civil Air Patrol.   
          Administrative time off does not include the kind of employment  
          protections that are associated with many forms of official  
          leave (e.g. sick leave, family leave, medical leave, etc.) that  
          the state recognizes.  Furthermore, private employers have no  
          obligation to provide even administrative time off to their  
          employees who are CAP members.  To remedy this situation, this  
          bill seeks to establish a specialized form of leave for CAP  
          members that will enable them to serve the public in their  
          emergency response capacity without jeopardizing their regular  
          employment, be it public or private.  

          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Wing of the Civil Air Patrol (sponsor)

           Opposition 
           
          None on file
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :   Anthony Lew / JUD. / (916) 319-2334