BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                             SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
                           Senator Ellen M. Corbett, Chair
                              2009-2010 Regular Session


          AB 839
          Assemblymember Emmerson
          As Amended: March 26, 2009
          Hearing Date: July 7, 2009
          Welfare and Institutions Code
          NRB:jd
                    

                                        SUBJECT
                                           
                            Medi-Cal; Providers; Remedies

                                      DESCRIPTION  

          This bill would provide that the proper legal action to obtain  
          judicial relief from denial by the Department of Health Care  
          Services (DHCS) of a specified Medi-Cal reimbursement claim is a  
          petition for writ of mandate pursuant to Code of Civil Procedure  
          Section 1085.  This bill also would specify that existing  
          time-bars on enrollment in the Medi-Cal program begin to run on  
          the date DHCS initially denies an application or terminates a  
          provider, prior to any appeals.
          
                                      BACKGROUND  

          DHCS, the sponsor of this measure, is responsible for managing  
          the state's Medi-Cal program for vulnerable Californians.  Among  
          its responsibilities, DHCS is charged with ensuring that  
          Medi-Cal providers meet standards defined in statute necessary  
          to ensure effective and lawful delivery of health care services  
          to the public.  If a provider falls short of these standards,  
          DHCS is authorized to deny their ability to participate in the  
          program and/or deny Medi-Cal payments to providers.

          According to the author, this bill would amend two provisions of  
          existing law for the purpose of expediting the handling of legal  
          challenges to DHCS decisions and to ensure that existing  
          time-bars on provider participation in Medi-Cal run from the  
          date of the initial adverse decision by DHCS, regardless of  
          whether the provider appeals that decision.  

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                                CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW
           
          1.    Existing law  establishes the Medi-Cal program, administered  
            by the DHCS, which provides comprehensive health care coverage  
            for low-income individuals and their families, pregnant women,  
            elderly, blind, or disabled persons; and nursing home  
            residents who meet specified eligibility criteria.  (Welf. &  
            Inst. Code Sec. 14000 et seq.)

             Existing law  requires the Director of DHCS, by regulation, to  
            adopt procedures for the review of a grievance or complaint  
            concerning the processing or payment of money alleged by a  
            provider of services to be payable under the Medi-Cal program.  
             (Welf. & Inst. Code Sec. 14104.5.)

             Existing law  states that if a provider is not satisfied with  
            the DHCS decision on his or her claim, he or she may, within  
            one-year of receiving notice of the decision, "seek  
            appropriate judicial remedies."  (Id.)

             Existing law  provides that "[a] writ of mandate may be issued  
            by any court to any inferior tribunal, corporation, board, or  
            person, to compel the performance of an act which the law  
            specially enjoins, as a duty resulting from an office, trust,  
            or station, or to compel the admission of a party to the use  
            and enjoyment of a right or office to which the party is  
            entitled, and from which the party is unlawfully precluded by  
            such inferior tribunal, corporation, board, or person."  (Code  
            Civ. Proc. Sec. 1085, subd. (a).)

             This bill  would specify that the proper legal action to obtain  
            judicial relief from a DHCS claim decision is a petition for  
            writ of mandate pursuant to Code of Civil Procedure Section  
            1085.

          2.    Existing law  requires that health care providers apply to,  
            and be certified by, DHCS prior to their participation in the  
            Medi-Cal program, as specified.  (Welf. & Inst. Code Sec.  
            14043.26.)  Existing law further allows DHCS, if specified  
            conditions are met, to grant provisional provider status or  
            preferred provisional provider status to an applicant or  
            provider.  (Welf. & Inst. Code Sec. 14043.27.) 

             Existing law  provides that if a Medi-Cal provider's  
            application is denied or provider status is terminated by  
            DHCS, the provider may file a written appeal with the  
                                                                      



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            Director, as specified.  (Welf. & Inst. Code Sec. 14043.65.)   
            If the provider is dissatisfied with the Director's decision  
            on the appeal, existing law permits the provider to further  
            appeal the decision via petition for writ of mandate pursuant  
            to Code of Civil Procedure Section 1085.  (Id.)

             Existing law  provides that if a Medi-Cal provider's  
            application is denied or its status is terminated, the  
            provider is prohibited from reapplying for enrollment for a  
            period of three or ten years, depending upon the basis of the  
            denial, from the date the application package is denied, the  
            provisional provider status is terminated, or the issuance of  
            a "final decision following an appeal from that denial or  
            termination."  (Welf. & Inst. Code Sec. 14043.28, subd.  
            (a)(1), (3).)

             This bill  would amend existing law to establish that the  
            time-bar on enrollment begins to run from the date the  
            provider's application is denied or provider status is  
            terminated by the DHCS, prior to any appeals.
          
                                        COMMENT
           
          1.  Stated need for the bill 
          
          The author writes:
          
            This bill would amend two areas of the Welfare and  
            Institutions Code related to Medi-Cal providers appeal  
            remedies.  Section 14104.5 would be amended to clarify that  
            the judicial remedy for Medi-Cal providers seeking to appeal  
            the denial of a grievance, complaint or reimbursement is to  
            file a petition for writ of mandate in the superior court,  
            pursuant to Code of Civil Procedure section 1085.  This change  
            would conform the appeals process currently used to review the  
            denial of Treatment Authorization Requests (TAR).  Section  
            14043.28 would be amended so Medi-Cal providers and applicants  
            are no longer penalized when they exercise their right to  
            appeal their denial and/or termination of enrollment in  
            Medi-Cal.

          2.  Establishing writ of mandate as the proper judicial remedy for  
            claim denials.   

          The author contends that by permitting Medi-Cal providers to  
          "seek appropriate judicial remedies" when they are aggrieved by  
                                                                      



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          a DHCS claim decision, existing law creates a host of problems  
          for both the state and providers.  For instance, the wide-open  
          nature of existing law has prompted providers to file a variety  
          of legal actions applying equally various theories to obtain  
          reimbursement, ranging from damages claims to breach of contract  
          actions.  Such divergent lawsuits create confusion, generate  
          more work, and cost for both litigants and courts on matters  
          that should present a relatively simple legal question - whether  
          the DHCS has properly denied a claim for reimbursement pursuant  
          to statute.  Further, such lawsuits typically are designated as  
          general civil litigation, which lack priority in the courts, and  
          thus tend to linger for long periods of time on court dockets.

          The author and DHCS suggest that these problems will be greatly  
          diminished by specifying the exclusive legal remedy to a DHCS  
          reimbursement denial is a writ of mandate.  In general, a writ  
          of mandate is an extraordinary writ to compel the performance of  
          a ministerial duty.  (8 Witkin Cal. Proc. Writs Sec. 23 (2009,  
          5th ed.).)  The rules governing writ practice vary with the  
          court, however, local rules generally ensure that traditional  
          writs of mandate are resolved more quickly than general  
          litigation, without extensive pretrial discovery:  

            Unlike ordinary civil actions, writ proceedings often do not  
            involve discovery.  Usually, extensive memoranda are filed in  
            advance of the "trial," which in most cases is more akin to a  
            law and motion hearing.  The judge reviews the memoranda and  
            any permissible documentary evidence, hears argument at a  
            hearing that may last as little as 30 minutes, and then enters  
            a judgment granting or denying the writ petition.  (Cal. Civil  
            Writ Practice Sec. 5.2 (Cal. CEB 2008).)

          According to the author, this proposed change in law will  
          benefit the state and Medi-Cal providers by creating a speedy,  
          equitable remedy for claims against a government entity.  

           3.Eliminate extension of time-bar for participation in Medi-Cal  
            upon appeal of DHCS decision. 
           
          Depending upon the basis of an application denial or provider  
          termination, existing law bars a Medi-Cal provider from  
          participating in the program for a period of three or 10 years  
          beginning from the later of the DHCS determination, or final  
          resolution of any subsequent appeal of that determination.  The  
          author contends that current law unfairly penalizes Medi-Cal  
          providers and applicants who exercise their right to appeal  
                                                                      



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          their denial and/or termination of enrollment in the program.   
          AB 839's proposed amendment to Welfare and Institutions Code  
          Section 14043.28 addresses this issue by specifying that the  
          debarment period begins to run from the date of DHCS's initial  
          determination to deny an application or terminate a provider.


           Support  :  California Medical Association; Judicial Council

           Opposition  :  None Known

                                        HISTORY
           
           Source  :  Department of Health Care Services

           Related Pending Legislation  :  None Known

           Prior Legislation  :  AB 1226 (Hayashi, Ch. 693, Stats. 2007),  
          which revised Medi-Cal provider enrollment procedures to  
          simplify re-enrollment of Medi-Cal physicians relocating within  
          the same county and to expedite enrollment of specified and  
          established physicians into the Medi-Cal program.  

           Prior Vote  :

          Assembly Health Committee (Ayes 19, Noes 0)
          Assembly Judiciary Committee (Ayes 10, Noes 0)
          Assembly Appropriations Committee (Ayes 16, Noes 0)
          Assembly Floor (Ayes 77, Noes 0)
          Senate Health Committee (Ayes 6, Noes 0)

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