BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                                                       Bill No:  SB  
          755
          
                 SENATE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION
                       Senator Roderick D. Wright, Chair
                           2009-2010 Regular Session
                                 Staff Analysis



          SB 755  Author:  Negrete McLeod
          As Introduced:  February 27, 2009
          Hearing Date:  April 14, 2009
          Consultant:  Art Terzakis


                                     SUBJECT  
                                State Contracts

                                   DESCRIPTION
           
          SB 755 establishes a new participation goal program for  
          persons with developmental disabilities business  
          enterprises (PDDBEs), as defined, to assist and encourage  
          participation of developmentally disabled in state  
          contracting opportunities.  Specifically, this measure:  

          1.  Requires,  until June 30, 2014  , that all contracts  
            awarded by state entities for "goods and services" have a  
            statewide participation goal of not less than  1%  for  
            PDDBEs, as defined.  This goal applies to the total  
            number of contracts granted, let, or awarded each year by  
            the awarding department. 

          2.  Defines "developmental disability" to mean a  
            disability, as specified, rendering the affected person  
            eligible to participate in rehabilitation, education, or  
            social services programs conducted by or on behalf of a  
            public agency. 
                                         
           3.  Defines "PDDBE" as any of the following: (a) a business  
            concern at least 51% owned by one or more persons with a  
            developmental disability; (b) a business concern managed  
            by, and controlled by, one or more persons with a  
            developmental disability; and, (c) a community-based  
            nonprofit organization that employs persons with a  




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            developmental disability that meets any of certain  
            specified conditions.   
                                         
           4.  Requires each awarding department to advertise bid  
            contracts in the State Contracts Register and provide  
            information to PDDBEs regarding training and technical  
            assistance that is available to assist these persons in  
            understanding the bid process. 
                                         
           5.  Requires the Department of General Services (DGS), in  
            consultation with the Department of Developmental  
            Services (DDS), to adopt regulations in order to  
            implement the provisions of this measure.  Also, permits  
            the adoption of emergency regulations, without review and  
            approval by the Office of Administrative Law (OAL), if  
            they're adopted within 90 days of the effective date of  
            this measure.  Additionally, makes it explicit that the  
            awarding department must utilize existing resources, such  
            as DDS, in implementing these provisions.  
                                         
           6.  Imposes civil penalties for initial and subsequent  
            violations of providing false or fraudulent information  
            with respect to the qualification of contractors meeting  
            the requirements of a PDDBE and prohibits the contractor  
            from bidding on, or participating in, state contracts for  
            specified periods of time. 

          7.  Requires annual reports by each awarding department,  
            submitted to DGS, on the level of participation by PDDBEs  
            in state contracts, as specified. If the procurement  
            goals are not being met, the awarding department is  
            required to report on the reasons for its inability to  
            achieve the standards and identify remedial steps that  
            will be taken to fulfill the requirements of this  
            measure.

          8.  Also, beginning 1/1/2011, and annually thereafter,  
            requires DGS, in consultation with the DDS, to report to  
            the Governor and Legislature on the level of  
            participation by PDDBEs.   

          9.  Expresses legislative intent to: (a) recognize the  
            potential contribution of persons with developmental  
            disabilities to the workforce; (b) encourage state  
            agencies to contract with companies owned or managed by,  
            or that employ persons with developmental disabilities;  




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            (c) reduce pressure on the state budget by encouraging  
            more individuals with developmental disabilities to join  
            the workforce and become more self-sufficient; and, (d)  
            entice state agencies to take all practical actions  
            necessary to meet or exceed the 1% goal. 
                                         
                                  EXISTING LAW

           Under current law, the Department of General Services  
          generally governs state procurement activities, including  
          acquisition of materials, supplies, and services.

          Under the State Contract Act and various provisions in the  
          Local Agency Public Construction Act, state and local  
          agencies awarding contracts are required to award the  
          contract to the lowest responsible bidder.

          The Small Business Procurement and Contract Act permits a  
          state agency to award a contract for goods, services, or  
          information technology with a value of between $5,000 and  
          $100,000 to a certified small business, including a  
          microbusiness and a disabled veteran business enterprise,  
          without complying with specified competitive bidding  
          requirements.

          Existing law requires state agencies to give  
          "California-based" small businesses, as defined, a 5% bid  
          preference in contracts for construction, the procurement  
          of goods, or the delivery of services.  Executive Order  
          D-37-01 established a certified small business  
          participation goal of 25% for state agencies, departments,  
          boards and commissions to achieve.

          Under existing law, contracts awarded by state entities for  
          professional bond services, construction, and acquisition  
          of materials, supplies, and services are required to have  
          annual statewide participation goals of not less than 15%  
          for minority-owned firms, 5% for women-owned firms, and 3%  
          for disabled veteran-owned business enterprises.   
          Contractors must achieve these minimum participation goals  
          or demonstrate that they have made a "good faith effort" to  
          achieve participation. (These statutes have essentially  
          been rendered inoperative as a result of a U.S. 9th Circuit  
          Court of Appeals decision - Monterey Mechanical v. State of  
          California.)   Unaffected by that court order are  
          contracting preferences for disabled veterans.




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          Existing law requires state agencies to prepare annual  
          reports describing the participation by disabled veteran  
          owned firms in meeting the 3% participation goal.

           Proposition 209 of 1996  was voted into law by California  
          voters on November 5, 1996 with 54% of the vote.   
          Proposition 209 amended the state constitution to prohibit  
          the state, local governments, districts, public  
          universities, colleges, and schools, and other governmental  
          instrumentalities from discriminating against or giving  
          preferential treatment to any individual or group in public  
          employment, public education, or public contracting on the  
          basis of  race, sex or ethnicity.  In late November of  
          1996, U.S. District Judge Thelton Henderson blocked  
          enforcement of the proposition.  A three-judge panel of the  
          9th Circuit Court of Appeal subsequently overturned that  
          ruling and Proposition 209 became the subject of many  
          lawsuits in state courts.

                                    BACKGROUND
           
           Purpose of SB 755:   According to the author's office, this  
          measure is intended to assist Californians with  
          developmental disabilities find desirable jobs by  
          encouraging State agencies to contract with groups that  
          employ such persons.  The author's office states that SB  
          755 would create a "win/win" situation whereby the State  
          receives the products or services they need and  
          Californians with disabilities become productive, taxpaying  
          citizens.
          
          The author's office points out that current law permits  
          departments to contract for work to be done in the private  
          sector under limited and specific conditions.  The law also  
          specifically permits contracts to be issued to agencies  
          employing persons with developmental disabilities.  Known  
          as "set aside" (Welfare & Institutions Code 19403,  
          19404), this law provides for the efficient and effective  
          access to this work force.  Created in 1974, the purpose of  
          "set aside" is to encourage state and local entities and  
          other political subdivisions to purchase products  
          manufactured by and services provided by public or private  
          non-profit California corporations serving individuals with  
          developmental disabilities whenever it is feasible to do so  
          and the proximity of the public or private non-profit  




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          California corporation makes the purchases reasonably  
          convenient and to provide equality of competitive advantage  
          for such organizations.

          The author's office states that the use of this law has  
          been limited, primarily because many departments are either  
          unfamiliar with the provisions of the law or unfamiliar  
          with the quality of work they can expect to receive from  
          workers with developmental disabilities.

          The author's office states that employment should be  
          encouraged and supported as a fundamental advancement of a  
          person's rights to live their lives in their communities.   
          But too many people with developmental disabilities do not  
          have jobs.  The author's office notes that there are  
          approximately 220,000 people in California with mental  
          retardation, autism, cerebral palsy, seizure disorders such  
          as epilepsy and other developmental disabilities.   
          Approximately 90,000, or 40%, are between the ages of 22  
          and 61 - working age adults. But of this number, less than  
          25,000 have jobs - which equates to a very high  
          unemployment rate (nearly 72%).  Thousands of people with  
          disabilities can and do work.  They hold jobs in many  
          industries and perform many different types of work.  The  
          key factor that often differentiates between those who work  
          and those who don't work is whether or not an employer has  
          been introduced to this qualified, valuable and dedicated  
          work force.

          The author's office references Supported Employment which  
          is a program funded through a combination of federal and  
          state funds that helps introduce potential employers to  
          available workers.  Specifically, the program assists  
          workers in getting a job, helps train them and enables them  
          to retain the job over time.  The job development and  
          coaching is paid for by the state utilizing skills of  
          community-based, not for profit organizations.  The wages  
          and benefits of the worker are paid by the employer.  The  
          author's office notes that SB 755 would take advantage of  
          the Supported Employment Program and strengthen the  
          set-aside law by encouraging state entities to consider  
          contracting with PDDBEs which are owned, operated by or  
          employ people with developmental disabilities.

          The author's office emphasizes that this measure does not  
          create "make work" jobs - the contracts will be for work  




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          that the State needs to have done.  SB 755 simply reminds  
          the State of this valuable work force and makes it clear  
          that they are ready, willing and able to perform that work.

           Arguments in Opposition:  Disability Rights California  
          (DRC), a non-profit entity involved in advancing the human  
          and legal rights of Californians with disabilities has  
          expressed concern with the fact that this measure  
          incorporates "community-based nonprofit organizations"  
          within the definition of a PDDBE.  Specifically, DRC  
          references Section 214 of the U.S. Labor Code which permits  
          employers to pay less than minimum wage to "handicapped  
          workers." DRC claims that such organizations typically "do  
          not offer minimum wages or full equality in the terms and  
          conditions of employment (including benefits) and they do  
          not offer fully integrated work environments." 

           Historical Note #1 (MBE/WBE Program):   In 1988, AB 1933 -  
          M. Waters (Chapter 61), established a minority-owned  
          business enterprise (MBE) and women-owned business  
          enterprise (WBE) participation goal program that required  
          state entities awarding contracts for professional bond  
          services, construction, and acquisition of materials,  
          supplies and services to have annual statewide  
          participation goals of not less than 15% for MBEs and 5%  
          for WBEs.  (These provisions were found violative of equal  
          protection principles by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the  
          Ninth Circuit in Monterey Mechanical Co. v. Wilson.)  

          In March1998, Governor Pete Wilson issued an executive  
          order, No. W-172-98, which directed all state agencies and  
          departments to "cease any enforcement of the MBE/WBE  
          participation goals and the good faith effort requirements  
          related thereto under the Public Contract Code with respect  
          to any state contracts or amendments thereto awarded or  
          entered, or proposed to be awarded or entered, on or after  
          March 10, 1998."  The same order further stated: "All  
          actions, programs, and regulations which seek to monitor,  
          promote, or comply with the MBE/WBE goals or the good faith  
          efforts related thereto under the Public Contract Code  
          shall no longer be administered and, where appropriate, be  
          repealed." 

           Historical Note #2 (DVBE Program):   In 1989, SB 1517 -  
          Dills (Chapter 1207) established a 3% participation goal  
          for disabled veteran business enterprises (DVBEs),  




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          applicable to all contracts including those for  
          professional bond services, to assist and encourage DVBE  
          participation in state contracting opportunities.  In 1990,  
          SB 2398 - Dills (Chapter 516) extended the DVBE  
          participation program to contracts of the University of  
          California, the Department of Corrections and specified  
          public utilities.  In 1993, SCR 18 - Dills, encouraged  
          local entities to enact ordinances and implement policies  
          promoting the participation of DVBEs in construction and  
          procurement contracts.  Also, SJR 13 - Dills of 1993,  
          requested that Congress establish and maintain DVBE  
          programs.  (The state's DVBE program was not affected by  
          the court's MBE/WBE ruling.)   

          In 2001, Congress expressed support for service disabled  
          and prisoner of war veterans by enacting a 3% participation  
          goal for DVBEs that is modeled after California law.

                            PRIOR/RELATED LEGISLATION
           
          SB 1687 (Negrete McLeod) 2007-08 Session.   Similar to SB  
          755 (Negrete McLeod) of 2009.  Would have required that  
          state agencies take all practical actions to encourage the  
          awarding of contracts for goods and services to persons  
          with developmental disabilities business enterprises.   
          (Died in Assembly Appropriations Committee - Suspense file)
           
          AB 323 (Parra) Chapter 359, Statutes of 2004.   Allowed a  
          "nonprofit veteran service" agency, as defined, to be  
          eligible for certification as a small business and be  
          granted a small business preference, provided certain  
          requirements are met.
           
          SB 1008 (Machado) Chapter 632, Statutes of 2003.   Among  
          other things, strengthened the sanctions that can be levied  
          against businesses that fraudulently misrepresent their  
          eligibility for disabled veteran business enterprise (DVBE)  
          certification.  

           AB 669 (Cohn) Chapter 623, Statutes of 2003.   Among other  
          things, required small businesses and DVBEs to perform  
          commercially useful functions, as defined; in relation to  
          any contract those businesses are awarded under existing  
          provisions of law.  Also, revised the definition of  
          disabled veteran to require that the veteran have at least  
          a 10% service-connected disability and be domiciled in  




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          California.
           
          AB 2323 (Wyman) 2001-02 Session.   Would have established  
          parity between DVBEs and small businesses by creating a 5%  
          bid preference for DVBEs on public contracts.  (Held in  
          Senate fiscal committee)
           
          SB 1033 (Knight) 2001-02 Session.  Would have established  
          an additional 3% bid preference in the Small Business  
          Procurement and Contract Law for small businesses that are  
          also certified as a DVBE.  (Held in Assembly fiscal  
          committee) 
           
          AB 941 (Florez) Chapter 666, Statutes of 2001.   Required  
          the Department of Veterans Affairs and the awarding  
          departments to appoint disabled veteran business enterprise  
          advocates to assist in meeting the 3% participation goals  
          for DVBEs.  
           
          SB 2110 (Knight) 1999-2000 Session.   Would have required  
          state agencies, in evaluating bid submissions, to give a 5%  
          bid preference, until 1/1/2004, to bids by any DVBE that is  
          a prime contractor.  (Held in Assembly fiscal committee)  

           SB 73 (Murray) 1999-2000 Session.   Would have recast many  
          of the same requirements previously mandated of bidders  
          under the MBE and WBE participation statutes, and the  
          existing DVBE statute for small businesses.  (Vetoed by  
          Governor)

           AB 1664 (Murray) 1997-98 Session.   Identical to SB 73  
          (Murray) of 1999.  (Vetoed by Governor)

           SB 2041 (Kopp) 1997-98 Session.   Would have dismantled  
          various programs that promote access for women and  
          minorities in public sector employment, education and state  
          contracting.  Also, would have enacted the Small Business  
          Acquisition and Contract Act for the purpose of promoting  
          and facilitating the participation of California "small  
          businesses" in state contracting.  (Failed passage in this  
          committee)
          
           SUPPORT:   As of April 10, 2009:

          California Disability Services Association (sponsor)
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal  




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          Employees (AFSCME)

           OPPOSE:   As of April 10, 2009:

          Disability Rights California

           DUAL REFERRAL:   Senate Judiciary Committee
           
          FISCAL COMMITTEE:   Senate Appropriations Committee

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