BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                             Senator Mark Leno, Chair                S
                             2009-2010 Regular Session               B

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          SB 892 (Alquist)                                            
          As Amended April 5, 2010 
          Hearing date:  April 20, 2010
          Health and Safety Code
          MK:mc


                                    CARE FACILITIES  

                                       HISTORY

          Source:  Author

          Prior Legislation: SB 1759 (Ashburn) - Ch. 902, Stats. 2007

          Support: Unknown

          Opposition:None known

           

                                         KEY ISSUE
           
          SHOULD A NUMBER OF CRIMES BE ADDED TO THE CURRENT LIST FOR WHICH NO  
          EXEMPTION CAN BE GIVEN TO A PERSON WHO IS SEEKING TO BE LICENSED TO  
          RUN OR TO WORK IN A RESIDENTIAL CARE FACILITY FOR THE ELDERLY?



                                       PURPOSE

          The purpose of this bill is to add to the nonexemptable crimes  
          for which no exemption can be given for a person who is seeking  




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          to be licensed to run or work in a residential care facility for  
          the elderly.
          
           Existing law  provides for background checks for people working  
          in specified jobs which are licensed or otherwise overseen by  
          departments under Health and Human Services Agency including  
          people: employed as an administrator or manager or direct care  
          staff or an adult living in the facility for an immediate care  
          facility for the developmentally disabled; a certified nursing  
          assistant; people who own or provide direct care at community  
          care facilities, group homes, foster family homes, foster family  
          agencies, small family homes, community treatment facilities,   
          social rehab facilities and adult day care facilities; who work  
          at residential care facilities for the chronically ill or  
          elderly; who work at adult day health care centers; who work at  
          child day care facilities; who work at home health agencies;  
          home health aides; private duty nurses and those who hold CPR  
          Training Programs.  (See Health and Safety Code  1265.5;  
          1337.2; 1337.6; 1338.5; 1416.26; 1499; 1522; 1568.09; 1569.17;  
          1575.7; 1596.871; 1728.1; 1736.1; 1736.2; 1736.6; 1743.9;  
          1797.191; Welfare and Institutions Code  5405.)

           Existing law  requires that before issuing a license for a  
          residential care facility for the elderly, the Department of  
          Social Services shall require a background check of any adults  
          responsible for administration or direct supervision of the  
          staff, any person, other than a client, residing in the  
          facility, any person who provides client assistance in dressing,  
          grooming, bathing or personal hygiene, any staff person,  
          volunteer or employee who has contact with the clients, the  
          chief executive officer if the applicant is a firm, etcetera,  
          and any additional officers who have a financial interest in the  
          facility.  (Health and Safety Code  1569.17 (a) and (b).)

           Existing law  provides that if upon a criminal background check  
          it is found that a licensee or person who is required to be  
          background checked to work at a residential care facility for  
          the elderly has been convicted of a sex offense against a minor,  
          a sexual battery, child abuse, lewd behavior in front of a  
          child, or elder abuse shall be immediately terminated or not  




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          hired.  (Health and Safety Code  1569.17 (c)(3).)

           Existing law  provides that if the licensee or the person for  
          whom a background check is required to work at a residential  
          care facility for the elderly has been convicted of any other  
          crime, other than a minor traffic violation, he or she shall  
          immediately stop working at the facility but may apply to the  
          Department of Social Services for an exemption.  (Health and  
          Safety Code  1569.17 (c)(3).)

           Existing law  provides that a person may not be exempted from the  
          following specified offenses to be licensed to run or to work at  
          a residential care facility for the elderly: assault to commit  
          mayhem, rape, sodomy, oral copulation; sexual battery; rape in  
          concert; felony child abuse; felony corporal injury on a child;  
          lewd act on a child or dependant person; sexual penetration by a  
          foreign object; a registerable sex offense; elder abuse;  
          torture; carjacking; mingling poison with food or drink;  
          exhibition of a loaded firearm in a threatening manner; and  
          arson causing great bodily injury.  (Health and Safety Code   
          1569.17 (f)(1)(a).)

           This bill  adds to the list of non-exemptable crimes, providing  
          that the following also may not be exempted: murder; voluntary  
          manslaughter; mayhem; aggravated mayhem; kidnapping; kidnapping  
          for ransom or a sex crime; posing as a kidnapper; taking  
          hostages; robbery;  administering a controlled substance to  
          assist in a felony; assault with a deadly weapon; rape; spousal  
          rape; abduction to force marriage; procuring, assignation and  
          seduction; procuring person by force or false inducement;  
          compelling illicit relation by menace; inducing commission of a  
          sex act through false representation creating fear; pandering;  
          hiring a panderer; selling a person for illicit use;  
          prostituting one's wife; pimping; providing transportation for a  
          child for a lewd act; pimping or pandering a child under 16;  
          abduction for prostitution; any child abuse; domestic violence;  
          incest; specified sodomy offenses; specified oral copulation;  
          continuous sexual abuse of a child; exhibition of a deadly  
          weapon; arson; burglary; forgery; possessing receiving or  
          uttering a forged paper; theft; publishing access code number to  




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          avoid payment or defraud; grand theft; petty theft; buying or  
          receiving stolen property; embezzlement; extortion; and petty  
          theft with a prior.

           This bill  provides that the additional non-exemptable crimes in  
          this bill shall not apply to any person who received an  
          exemption prior to January 1, 2011.
                                          

              RECEIVERSHIP/OVERCROWDING CRISIS AGGRAVATION IMPLICATIONS

          The severe prison overcrowding problem California has  
          experienced for the last several years has not been solved.  In  
          December of 2006 plaintiffs in two federal lawsuits against the  
          Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation sought a  
          court-ordered limit on the prison population pursuant to the  
          federal Prison Litigation Reform Act.  On January 12, 2010, a  
          federal three-judge panel issued an order requiring the state to  
          reduce its inmate population to 137.5 percent of design capacity  
          -- a reduction of roughly 40,000 inmates -- within two years.   
          In a prior, related 184-page Opinion and Order dated August 4,  
          2009, that court stated in part:

               "California's correctional system is in a tailspin,"  
               the state's independent oversight agency has reported.  
               . . .  (Jan. 2007 Little Hoover Commission Report,  
               "Solving California's Corrections Crisis: Time Is  
               Running Out").  Tough-on-crime politics have increased  
               the population of California's prisons dramatically  
               while making necessary reforms impossible. . . .  As a  
               result, the state's prisons have become places "of  
               extreme peril to the safety of persons" they house, .  
               . .  (Governor Schwarzenegger's Oct. 4, 2006 Prison  
               Overcrowding State of Emergency Declaration), while  
               contributing little to the safety of California's  
               residents, . . . .   California "spends more on  
               corrections than most countries in the world," but the  
               state "reaps fewer public safety benefits." . . .  .   
               Although California's existing prison system serves  
               neither the public nor the inmates well, the state has  




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               for years been unable or unwilling to implement the  
               reforms necessary to reverse its continuing  
               deterioration.  (Some citations omitted.)

               . . .

               The massive 750% increase in the California prison  
               population since the mid-1970s is the result of  
               political decisions made over three decades, including  
               the shift to inflexible determinate sentencing and the  
               passage of harsh mandatory minimum and three-strikes  
               laws, as well as the state's counterproductive parole  
               system.  Unfortunately, as California's prison
               population has grown, California's political  
               decision-makers have failed to provide the resources  
               and facilities required to meet the additional need  
               for space and for other necessities of prison  
               existence.  Likewise, although state-appointed experts  
               have repeatedly provided numerous methods by which the  
               state could safely reduce its prison population, their  
               recommendations have been ignored, underfunded, or  
               postponed indefinitely.  The convergence of  
               tough-on-crime policies and an unwillingness to expend  
               the necessary funds to support the population growth  
               has brought California's prisons to the breaking  
               point.  The
               state of emergency declared by Governor Schwarzenegger  
               almost three years ago continues to this day,  
               California's prisons remain severely overcrowded, and  
               inmates in the California prison system continue to  
               languish without constitutionally adequate medical and  
               mental health care.<1>

               ----------------------
          <1>   Three Judge Court Opinion and Order, Coleman v.  
          Schwarzenegger, Plata v. Schwarzenegger, in the United States  
          District Courts for the Eastern District of California and the  
          Northern District of California United States District Court  
          composed of three judges pursuant to Section 2284, Title 28  
          United States Code (August 4, 2009).




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          The court stayed implementation of its January 12, 2010, ruling  
          pending the state's appeal of the decision to the U.S. Supreme  
          Court.  That appeal, and the final outcome of this litigation,  
          is not anticipated until later this year or 2011.

           This bill  does not appear to aggravate the prison overcrowding  
          crisis described above.


                                      COMMENTS

          1.    Need for This Bill  

          According to the author:

              On March 18, 2010, the California Senate Office of  
              Oversight and Outcomes issued a report, Dangerous  
              Caregivers:  State Failed to Cross-Check Backgrounds,  
              Exposing Elderly to Abusive Workers, which was completed  
              at my request as Chair of the Senate Subcommittee and  
              Aging and Long-Term Care.

              This report highlighted the problem of dangerous  
              caregivers being allowed to work in long-term care  
              facilities for the elderly and disabled because  
              different State departments have different standards for  
              approving care workers and do not share helpful  
              background check information with each other.

              Specifically, nurse assistants with a history of a  
              serious criminal conviction or administrative action,  
              who had been decertified by the Department of Public  
              Health (DPH) to work in skilled nursing facilities, are  
              getting approved by the Department of Social Services  
              (DSS) to work in residential care facilities for the  
              elderly.

              Oftentimes, this happens because current law differs  
              with respect to the non-exemptible crimes barring work  
              in residential care facilities for the elderly, as  




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              licensed by the DSS, and the non-exemptible crimes  
              barring work in skilled nursing facilities, as licensed  
              by the DPH. 

              For example, existing law (Health and Safety code  
              section 1569.17) allows DSS to approve (or "exempt")  
              caregivers to work in residential care facilities for  
              the elderly even though they have been convicted of  
              serious crimes like assault with a deadly weapon or  
              unlawful use of a debit or credit card, among others.   
              These serious criminal convictions, however, are  
              non-exemptible under DPH's nurse assistant certification  
              law (Health and Safety code section 1337.9), thus  
              requiring DPH's denial or revocation of a nurse  
              assistant's certificate to work in a nursing home.

              SB 892 will protect vulnerable seniors and disabled  
              adults living in residential care facilities for the  
              elderly with the same principles governing the  
              protection of nursing home residents.

              Specifically, SB 892 will change the DSS's list of  
              non-exemptible crimes for approved caregivers to work in  
              residential care facilities for the elderly to more  
              closely match the DPH's non-exemptible crimes for nurse  
              assistants to work in skilled nursing facilities.

              This will bring consistency to the background check  
              process for workers caring for our elderly and disabled  
              in the State's most utilized long-term care facilities:   
              skilled nursing facilities and residential care  
              facilities for the elderly.

          2.  Additional Non-exemptable Crimes  

          This bill adds to the current list of nonexemptable crimes for  
          which a person may not receive a clearance for working in or a  
          license for running a residential care facility for the elderly.  
           If a person applies for a position assisting people in the  
          facility with dressing, or as a certified nurse assistant and  




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          certified home aide and they have one of these crimes, no matter  
          what the circumstances and no matter how old, the person may not  
          be hired by the facility.  The author states that this new list  
          of crimes matches more closely to the nonexemptable crimes for  
          nurses' assistants who work in skilled nursing facilities.

          Members may wish to consider whether a person should be banned  
          for life from working in a residential care center for the  
          elderly for these crimes.  For example, should one petty theft-a  
          shop lifting-that occurred 10 or more years ago keep a person  
          from working a job where he or she bathes an elderly person?   
          The following list is the new crimes added by this bill.   
          Technically some of the sex offenses probably are already  
          included because the current statute references the section  
          containing the list of registerable sex offenses:





























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                 Murder; 
                 Voluntary manslaughter; 
                 Mayhem; 
                 Aggravated mayhem; 
                 Kidnapping; 
                 Kidnapping for ransom or s sex crime; 
                 Posing as a kidnapper; 
                 Taking hostages; 
                 Robbery;  
                 Administering a controlled substance to assist in a  
               felony; 
                 Assault with a deadly weapon; 
                 Rape; 
                 Spousal rape; 
                 Abduction to force marriage; 
                 Procuring, assignation and seduction; procuring person  
               by force or false inducement; 
                 Compelling illicit relation by menace; 
                 Inducing commission of a sex act through falls  
               representation creating fear; 
                 Pandering; hiring a panderer; 
                 Selling person for illicit use; prostituting one's wife;  
               pimping; 
                 Providing transportation for a child for a lewd act; 
                 Pimping or pandering a child under 16; 
                 Abduction for prostitution; any child abuse; 
                 Domestic violence;
                 Incest; 
                 Specified sodomy offenses; 
                 Specified oral copulation; 
                 Continuous sexual abuse of a child; 
                 Exhibition of a deadly weapon; 
                 Arson; 
                 Burglary;
                 Forgery; 
                 Possessing receiving or uttering a forged paper; 
                 Theft; 
                 Publishing access code number to avoid payment or  
               defraud; 




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                 Grand theft; 
                 Petty theft; 
                 Buying or receiving stolen property; 
                 Embezzlement; extortion; 
                 Petty theft with a prior.

          SHOULD ALL THESE OFFENSES MAKE A PERSON INELIGIBLE FOR LIFE TO  
          WORK AT A RESIDENTIAL CARE FACILITY FOR THE ELDERLY?


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