BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  SB 892
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          Date of Hearing:   June 29, 2010
          Counsel:                Nicole J. Hanson


                         ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                                 Tom Ammiano, Chair

                    SB 892 (Alquist) - As Amended:  April 27, 2010


           SUMMARY  :   Adds to the list of non-exemptible crimes to which  
          the Department of Social Services (DSS) is prohibited from  
          granting an exemption for applicants of a license, special  
          permit, or certificate of approval to operate a residential care  
          facility for the elderly. Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Provides that the Director of DSS cannot grant an exemption  
            from disqualification for a license for employment, residence,  
            or presence in a residential care facility for the elderly for  
            the following convictions:

             a)   Murder; voluntary manslaughter; mayhem; aggravated  
               mayhem; torture, kidnapping, kidnapping for ransom,  
               extortion by posing as a kidnapper, false imprisonment for  
               purposes of protection from an arrest or use as a shield,  
               robbery, assault with intent to commit mayhem, rape,  
               sodomy, or oral copulation, administering drugs to assist  
               in the commission of a felony, sexual battery, rape, rape  
               of a spouse, rape by a foreign object, abduction for  
               marriage, defilement, or prostitution, pimping or pandering  
               a minor, willful harm or injury to a child, corporal  
               punishment or injury to a child, incest, lewd or lascivious  
               acts, oral copulation, continuous sexual abuse of a child,  
               forcible acts of sexual penetration, fleeing sex offender  
               registration, willfully poisoning or adulterating food,  
               crime against and elder or dependent adult, drawing or  
               exhibiting a loaded firearm in a rude, angry, or  
               threatening manner, or arson with the intent to cause great  
               bodily injury. 

             b)   Sexual exploitation by a physician, surgeon,  
               psychotherapist or alcohol and drug abuse counselors. 

          2)Allows the following convictions to be granted an exemption  
            from disqualification for a license for employment, residence,  








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            or presence in a residential care facility for the elderly if  
            said conviction is not within 10 years of the date the person  
            was convicted of the offense or the date the person was  
            released from incarceration for the offense, whichever is  
            later:  robbery, assault with a deadly weapon, willful  
            infliction of corporal injury, burglary, forgery, theft,  
            diversion of funds received to obtain or pay for services,  
            publication of an access card number with the intent to  
            defraud another, grand theft,  petty theft, receipt of stolen  
            property, embezzlement, extortion, or petty theft with a  
            prior.

          3)States the aforementioned shall not be retroactively applied. 

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)States the Legislature recognizes the need to generate timely  
            and accurate positive fingerprint identification of applicants  
            as a condition of issuing licenses, permits, or certificates  
            of approval for persons to operate or provide direct care  
            services in a residential care facility for the elderly.  It  
            is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this section to  
            require the fingerprints of those individuals whose contact  
            with clients of residential care facilities for the elderly  
            may pose a risk to the clients' health and safety.  An  
            individual shall be required to obtain either a criminal  
            record clearance or a criminal record exemption from DSS  
            before his or her initial presence in a residential care  
            facility for the elderly.  [Health and Safety Code (HSC)  
            Section 1569.17.]

          2)Requires before issuing a license to any person or persons to  
            operate or manage a residential care facility for the elderly,  
            DSS shall secure from an appropriate law enforcement agency a  
            criminal record to determine whether the applicant or any  
            other person specified in this section has ever been convicted  
            of a crime other than a minor traffic violation or arrested  
            for a sex offense, assault with a deadly weapon, willful  
            infliction of corporal injury, willful harm or injury to a  
            child, or for any crime for which DSS cannot grant an  
            exemption if the person was convicted and the person has not  
            been  exonerated.  [HSC Section 1569.17(a)(1).]

          3)Mandates criminal history information to include the full  
            criminal record, if any, of those persons, and subsequent  








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            arrest information pursuant to existing law.  [HSC Section  
            1569.17(a)(2).]

          4)Provides the following shall apply to the criminal record  
            information:

             a)    If DSS finds that the applicant or any other person has  
               been convicted of a crime, other than a minor traffic  
               violation, the application shall be denied, unless the  
               director grants an exemption pursuant to this section.

             b)   If DSS finds that the applicant, or any other person is  
               awaiting trial for a crime other than a minor traffic  
               violation, DSS may cease processing the application until  
               the conclusion of the trial.

             c)   If no criminal record information has been recorded, the  
               Department of Justice (DOJ) shall provide the applicant and  
               DSS with a statement of that fact.

             d)   If the DSS finds after licensure that the licensee, or  
               any other person, has been convicted of a crime other than  
               a minor traffic violation, the license may be revoked,  
               unless the director grants an exemption pursuant to this  
               section.

             e)   An applicant and any other person shall submit  
               fingerprint images and related information to the DOJ and  
               the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), through the DOJ,  
               for a state and federal level criminal offender record  
               information search, in addition to the search required by  
               existing law.  If an applicant meets all other conditions  
               for licensure, except receipt of the FBI's criminal history  
               information for the applicant and persons, the DSS may  
               issue a license if the applicant and each person described  
               has signed and submitted a statement that he or she has  
               never been convicted of a crime in the United States, other  
               than a traffic infraction.  If, after licensure, DSS  
               determines that the licensee or person has a criminal  
               record, the license may be revoked.  DSS may also suspend  
               the license pending an administrative hearing.  [HSC  
               Section 1569.17(a)(3).]

          5)Requires in addition to the applicant, the provisions of this  
            section shall apply to criminal convictions of the following  








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            persons:

             a)   Adults responsible for administration or direct  
               supervision of staff.

             b)   Any person, other than a client, residing in the  
               facility.  Residents of unlicensed independent senior  
               housing facilities that are located in contiguous buildings  
               on the same property as a residential care facility for the  
               elderly shall be exempt from these requirements.

             c)   Any person who provides client assistance in dressing,  
               grooming, bathing, or personal hygiene.  Any nurse  
               assistant or home health aide, who is not employed,  
               retained, or contracted by the licensee, and who has been  
               certified or recertified on or after July 1, 1998, shall be  
               deemed to meet the criminal record clearance requirements  
               of this section.  A certified nurse assistant (CNA) and  
               certified home health aide who will be providing client  
               assistance and who falls under this exemption shall provide  
               one copy of his or her current certification, prior to  
               providing care, to the residential care facility for the  
               elderly.  The facility shall maintain the copy of the  
               certification on file as long as the care is being provided  
               by the CNA or certified home health aide at the facility.   
               Nothing in this paragraph restricts the right of DSS to  
               exclude a certified nurse assistant or certified home  
               health aide from a licensed residential care facility for  
               the elderly.

             d)   Any staff person, volunteer, or employee who has contact  
               with the clients.

             e)   If the applicant is a firm, partnership, association, or  
               corporation, the chief executive officer or other person  
               serving in a similar capacity.

             f)   Additional officers of the governing body of the  
               applicant or other persons with a financial interest in the  
               applicant, as determined necessary by DSS by regulation.   
               The criteria used in the development of these regulations  
               shall be based on the person's capability to exercise  
               substantial influence over the operation of the facility.   
               [HSC Section 1569.17(b)(1).]









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          6)Exempts the following persons from the aforementioned  
            requirements:

             a)   A spouse, relative, significant other, or close friend  
               of a client shall be exempt if this person is visiting the  
               client or provides direct care and supervision to that  
               client only.

             b)   A volunteer to whom all of the following apply:

               i)     The volunteer is at the facility during normal  
                 waking hours.

               ii)          The volunteer is directly supervised by the  
                 licensee or a facility employee with a criminal record  
                 clearance or exemption.

               iii)         The volunteer spends no more than 16 hours per  
                 week at the facility.

               iv)          The volunteer does not provide clients with  
                 assistance in dressing, grooming, bathing, or personal  
                 hygiene.

               v)     The volunteer is not left alone with clients in  
                 care.

             c)   A third-party contractor retained by the facility if the  
               contractor is not left alone with clients in care.

             d)   A third-party contractor or other business professional  
               retained by a client and at the facility at the request or  
               by permission of that client.  These individuals may not be  
               left alone with other clients.

             e)   Licensed or certified medical professionals are exempt  
               from fingerprint and criminal background check requirements  
               imposed by community care licensing.  This exemption does  
               not apply to a person who is a community care facility  
               licensee or an employee of the facility.

             f)   Employees of licensed home health agencies and members  
               of licensed hospice interdisciplinary teams who have  
               contact with a resident of a residential care facility at  
               the request of the resident or resident's legal decision  








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               maker are exempt from fingerprint and criminal background  
               check requirements imposed by community care licensing.   
               This exemption does not apply to a person who is a  
               community care facility licensee or an employee of the  
               facility.

             g)   Clergy and other spiritual caregivers who are performing  
               services in common areas of the residential care facility,  
               or who are advising an individual resident at the request  
               of, or with permission of, the resident, are exempt from  
               fingerprint and criminal background check requirements  
               imposed by community care licensing.  This exemption does  
               not apply to a person who is a community care facility  
               licensee or an employee of the facility.

             h)   Any person similar to those described in this  
               subdivision, as defined by DSS in regulations.

             i)   Nothing in this paragraph shall prevent a licensee from  
               requiring a criminal record clearance of any individual  
               exempt from the requirements of this section, provided that  
               the individual has client contact.  [HSC Section  
               1569.17(b).]

          7)Provides subsequent to initial licensure, any person required  
            to be fingerprinted shall, as a condition to employment,  
            residence, or presence in a residential facility for the  
            elderly, be fingerprinted and sign a declaration under penalty  
            of perjury regarding any prior criminal convictions.  The  
            licensee shall submit these fingerprint images and related  
            information to the DOJ and the FBI, through the DOJ, for a  
            state and federal level criminal offender record information  
            search, or to comply the person's employment, residence, or  
            initial presence in the residential care facility for the  
            elderly.  [HSC Section 1569.17(c)(1)(A).]

          8)Requires the fingerprint images and related information to be  
            electronically transmitted in a manner approved by DSS and  
            DOJ.  A licensee's failure to submit fingerprint images and  
            related information to DOJ, or to comply as required in this  
            section, shall result in the citation of a deficiency and an  
            immediate assessment of civil penalties in the amount of $100  
            per violation per day for a maximum of five days, unless the  
            violation is a second or subsequent violation within a  
            12-month period in which case the civil penalties shall be in  








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            the amount of $100 per violation for a maximum of 30 days, and  
            shall be grounds for disciplining the licensee.  The DSS may  
            assess civil penalties for continued violations as permitted  
            under existing law.  The licensee shall then submit these  
            fingerprint images to DSS for processing.  Documentation of  
            the individual's clearance or exemption shall be maintained by  
            the licensee and be available for inspection.  The DOJ shall  
            notify DSS, as required, and notify the licensee by mail  
            within 14 days of electronic transmission of the fingerprints  
            to DOJ, if the person has no criminal record.  A violation of  
            the regulations shall result in the citation of a deficiency  
            and an immediate assessment of civil penalties in the amount  
            of $100 per violation per day for a maximum of five days,  
            unless the violation is a second or subsequent violation  
            within a 12-month period in which case the civil penalties  
            shall be in the amount of $100 per violation for a maximum of  
            30 days, and shall be grounds for disciplining the licensee.   
            The DSS may assess civil penalties for continued violations.   
            [HSC Section 1569.17(c)(1)(B).]

          9)Provides within 14 calendar days of the receipt of the  
            fingerprint images, DOJ shall notify DSS of the criminal  
            record information.  If no criminal record information has  
            been recorded, DOJ shall provide the licensee and DSS with a  
            statement of that fact within 14 calendar days of receipt of  
            the fingerprint images.  If new fingerprint images are  
            required for processing, DOJ shall, within 14 calendar days  
            from the date of receipt of the fingerprint images, notify the  
            licensee that the fingerprint images were illegible.  [HSC  
            Section 1569.17(c)(2).]

          10)   Specifies that a licensee shall endeavor to ascertain the  
            previous employment history of persons required to be  
            fingerprinted under this subdivision.  If DSS determines, on  
            the basis of the fingerprint images submitted to DOJ, that the  
            person has been convicted of a sex offense against a minor, an  
            offense specified in Section 243.4, 273a, 273d, 273g, or 368  
            of the Penal Code, or a felony, DSS shall notify the licensee  
            in writing within 15 calendar days of the receipt of the  
            notification from the DOJ to act immediately to terminate the  
            person's employment, remove the person from the residential  
            care facility for the elderly, or bar the person from entering  
            the residential care facility for the elderly.  DSS may  
            subsequently grant an exemption.  If the conviction was for  
            another crime, except a minor traffic violation, the licensee  








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            shall, upon notification by DSS, act immediately to either:   
            (a) terminate the person's employment, remove the person from  
            the residential care facility for the elderly, or bar the  
            person from entering the residential care facility for the  
            elderly, or (b) seek an exemption. DSS shall determine if the  
            person shall be allowed to remain in the facility until a  
            decision on the exemption is rendered.  A licensee's failure  
            to comply with DSS's prohibition of employment, contact with  
            clients, or presence in the facility as required by this  
            paragraph shall result in a citation of deficiency and an  
            immediate assessment of civil penalties by DSS against the  
            licensee, in the amount of $100 per violation per day for a  
            maximum of five days, unless the violation is a second or  
            subsequent violation within a 12-month period in which case  
            the civil penalties shall be in the amount of $100 per  
            violation for a maximum of 30 days, and shall be grounds for  
            disciplining the licensee.  [HSC Section 1569.17(c)(3).]

          11)   Allows DSS to issue an exemption on its own motion if the  
            person's criminal history indicates that the person is of good  
            character based on the age, seriousness, and frequency of the  
            conviction or convictions.  DSS, in consultation with  
            interested parties, shall develop regulations to establish the  
            criteria to grant an exemption pursuant to this paragraph.   
            [HSC Section 1569.17(c)(4).]

          12)   Requires DSS to notify the affected individual of his or  
            her right to seek an exemption.  The individual may seek an  
            exemption only if the licensee terminates the person's  
            employment or removes the person from the facility after  
            receiving notice from DSS.  [HSC Section 1569.17(c)(5).]

          13)   Gives the director of DSS the power to grant an exemption  
            from disqualification for a license, or for employment,  
            residence, or presence in a residential care facility for the  
            elderly if the director has substantial and convincing  
            evidence to support a reasonable belief that the applicant and  
            the person convicted of the crime, if other than the  
            applicant, are of such good character as to justify issuance  
            of the license or special permit or granting an exemption.  
            However, an exemption may not be granted pursuant to this  
            subdivision if the conviction was for any of the following  
            offenses:

             a)   Assault with intent to commit mayhem; rape, sodomy, oral  








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               copulation, or other specified offend in the course of a  
               first degree burglary; sexual battery; rape or penetration  
               of genital or anal openings by foreign object; felonious  
               harm or injury to a child; corporal injury or punishment of  
               a child; lewd or lascivious acts; forcible acts of sexual  
               penetration; a registerable sex offense; a crime against an  
               elder or dependent adult; or any "violent felony" against  
               an individual.

             b)   A felony conviction for sexual exploitation by a  
               physician, surgeon, psychotherapists, or alcohol and drug  
               abuse counselors; or torture; or carjacking; poisoning or  
               adulterating food, drink medicine; exhibiting or using a  
               firearm in a rude, angry or threatening manner; or arson  
               that causes great bodily injury.  [HSC Section  
               1569.17(f)(1).]

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Author's Statement  : According to the author, "By adding more  
            crimes to the DSS statute governing backgrounds checks for  
            caregivers working in residential care facilities for the  
            elderly (RCFEs), SB 892 would protect vulnerable seniors and  
            disabled adults living in these facilities with the same  
            principles governing the protection of skilled nursing  
            facility residents.  In particular, dangerous nurse  
            assistants, whose certification has been revoked by DPH  
            [Department of Public Health], would no longer be able to work  
            in RCFEs due to a more lax background check process under DSS.

          "SB 892 would add those crimes that DPH considers as  
            non-exemptible to work as a certified nurse assistant in a  
            skilled nursing facility to DSS' list of non-exemptible crimes  
            to work in RCFEs.  For less serious criminal convictions, SB  
            892 would allow DSS to exempt someone to work in an RCFE only  
            after 10 years from the date of conviction or the date of  
            release from prison, whichever is later.

          "This bill would bring greater consistency to the two  
            departments that perform background checks on direct care  
            workers in the State's most utilized long-term care and  
            residential care facilities:  skilled nursing facilities and  
            residential care facilities for the elderly."








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           2)Background  :  According to information provided by the author,  
            "On March 18, 2010, the California Senate Office of Oversight  
            and Outcomes issued a report, Dangerous Caregivers:  State  
            Failed to Cross-Check Backgrounds, Exposing Elderly to Abusive  
            Workers, which was completed at my request as Chair of the  
            Senate Subcommittee and Aging and Long-Term Care.

          "This report highlighted the problem of dangerous caregivers  
            being allowed to work in long-term care facilities for the  
            elderly and disabled because different State departments have  
            different standards for approving care workers and do not  
            share helpful background check information with each other.

          "Specifically, nurse assistants with a history of a serious  
            criminal conviction or administrative action, who had been  
            decertified by the Department of Public Health (DPH) to work  
            in skilled nursing facilities, are getting approved by the  
            Department of Social Services (DSS) to work in residential  
            care facilities for the elderly (RCFEs).

          "Oftentimes, this happens because current law differs with  
                                                                         respect to the non-exemptible crimes barring work in RCFEs, as  
            licensed by the DSS, and the non-exemptible crimes barring  
            work in skilled nursing facilities, as licensed by the DPH. 

          "For example, existing law (HSC section 1569.17) allows DSS to  
            approve (or 'exempt') caregivers to work in RCFEs even though  
            they have been convicted of serious crimes like drugging  
            someone to assist in a felony.  

          "This and other serious criminal convictions, however, are  
            non-exemptible under DPH's nurse assistant certification law  
            (HSC section 1337.9), thus requiring DPH's denial or  
            revocation of a nurse assistant's certificate to work in a  
            skilled nursing facility."

           3)Non-Exemptible Offenses  :  Criminal record exemption statutes  
            establish procedures for screening applicants who seek to  
            operate, work, or be present in different types of community  
            care facilities.

          An applicant seeking to operate or work in a community care  
            facility must submit his or her fingerprints to the DOJ and  
            disclose any criminal convictions.  [Id. 1569.17(c)(1)(A).]  








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            The DSS receives criminal rap sheets from DOJ and FBI  
            identifying the applicant's criminal history.  DSS and at  
            least 42 counties use these records, along with court  
            documents and information from the applicant's self-disclosure  
            form, to determine if a person is eligible for a criminal  
            record exemption.

          DSS regulates and licenses community care facilities such as  
            residential group homes, adult day care facilities, foster  
            family agencies, and foster child facilities.  [Id. Section  
            1502 (a).]  DSS  is also responsible for regulating and  
            licensing other categories of care facilities governed by  
            separate statutory provisions, including residential care  
            facilities that care for the elderly.  (Id. Section 1569 et  
            seq.) 

          Persons convicted of crimes other than minor traffic offenses  
            are presumptively disqualified from working in licensed  
            community care facilities, which provide care and services to  
            the elderly.  [See gen. Id. Sections 1502(a) and 1522(c)(3).]   
            The DDS Director has discretion to allow persons convicted of  
            certain offenses to work in community care facilities,  
            although the Director has no discretion to grant such a  
            criminal record exemption to persons convicted of specified  
            non-exemptible offenses.  However, the Director has no  
            discretion to grant an exemption for persons convicted of  
            designated crimes (non-exemptible offenses), including  
            offenses such as sexual battery, certain crimes affecting  
            children or the elderly.  (See Id. Section 1569.17(f)(1)(A).]   
            At present, HSC Section 1569.7 also prohibits exemptions for  
            all "violent felonies" committed against an individual.  [See  
            Id. Section 1569.17(f)(1)(A) and Penal Code Section 667.5(c).]  
             

            The California Court of Appeal in Doe v. Saenz (2006) 140  
            Cal.App.4th 960, 987 stated the purpose of non-exemptible  
            crimes "is to protect clients of community care facilities  
            from persons who have exhibited a propensity to commit sex  
            crimes or acts of violence."  In Saenz, a group of job  
            applicants with criminal records challenged the DSS's  
            classification of certain crimes as nonexemptible offenses,  
            specifically occupied burglary.  Occupied burglary has been  
            deemed to be a "violent felony" under Penal Code Section  
            677.5(c)(21).  As aforementioned, a person convicted of a  
            "violent felony" committed against an individual is prohibited  








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            from obtaining an exemption under HSC Section 1569.17(f)(1).

            The court found that "[w]hile occupied burglary is a serious  
            offense meriting punishment commensurate with the crime's  
            gravity, a conviction for occupied burglary does not  
            necessarily demonstrate a propensity for violence.  In adding  
            occupied burglary to the list of offenses specified in Penal  
            Code section 667.5(c), the Legislature concluded that a  
            multiple violent felony offender who commits or has committed  
            a burglary should be punished more harshly if someone was  
            present at the time of the burglary.  But it does not follow  
            that the Legislature at the same time - or at any time -  
            considered the presence of an occupant during a burglary as  
            evidence of the burglar's predisposition to violence.  The  
            additional risk of violence created by the presence of an  
            occupant, even if unanticipated, justifies increasing the  
            offender's sentence, but it does not necessarily imply the  
            offender will be predisposed to commit acts of violence."   
            (Saenz, supra 140 Cal.App.4th at 988.) 

            This bill removes any reference to Penal Code Section 677.5(c)  
            and thereby removes occupied burglary from the non-exemptible  
            status.  Thus, this bill improves existing law in that  
            perspective.  On the other hand, SB 892 greatly expands the  
            list of non-exemptible crimes.  As the case law indicates, it  
            is important to make sure that these additional crimes  
            represent those which demonstrate a person's propensity of  
            violence or sex crimes toward others, thereby making their  
            employment within an elderly care facility a safety risk.

           4)Do Non-Exemptible Offenses Serve a Legitimate Governmental  
            Purpose  ?  A Child Protective Services case worker employed by  
            Forest/Warren County Human Services Department in Pennsylvania  
            won back his job after appealing his termination of  
            employment, based upon an aggravated assault conviction.  [See  
            Warren County Human Servs. v. State Civ. Serv. Comm'n (Pa.  
            Cmwlth. March 8, 2004) No. 376 C.D. 2003.]  The caseworker,  
            Edward Roberts (Roberts), was first hired by the Forest/Warren  
            Department of Human Services as a caseworker on January 2,  
            2001.  During the job interview process, Roberts admitted that  
            he had pled guilty to a felony charge of aggravated assault in  
            1980.  As a condition of employment, he provided a copy of his  
            Pennsylvania State Police Criminal History, which corroborated  
            his statement to his employers regarding his 1980 guilty plea  
            for aggravated assault.








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          Roberts was an exemplary employee who successfully maintained  
            employment with the joint Forest/Warren County Human Service  
            Department until the agency disbanded on 
          December 31, 2001.  When the new Warren County Department of  
            Human Services began hiring to fill its vacancies, Roberts  
            applied for and was rehired in 2002 as a caseworker, a  
            position that put him in direct contact with children.  As a  
            condition of his employment with the new Warren County  
            Department of Human Services, Roberts was told that he would  
            be required to submit to new clearances, including a criminal  
            record history as required by the Child Protective Services  
            Law (CPSL).  [See 23 Pa.C.S. Sections 6301 to 6385.]

          When the administrator of the Forest County Children and Youth  
            Services learned of Roberts' aggravated assault conviction, he  
            determined that Roberts' employment with the agency would be  
            in violation of the CPSL.  [See 23 Pa.C.S. Section  
            6344(c)(2).]  The CPSL provides that if an individual's  
            criminal history record information reveals that an individual  
            has been convicted of certain provisions, that person may not  
            be hired into a position that involves direct contact with  
            children.  The administrator of the Forest County Children and  
            Youth Services contacted the Warren County Department of Human  
            Services to inform them that Roberts' aggravated assault  
            conviction was a bar to employment under the CPSL.  Warren  
            County thereafter terminated Roberts from his caseworker  
            position on June 20, 2002 due to his 1980 conviction for  
            aggravated assault.

          Roberts appealed his termination to the Pennsylvania Civil  
            Service Commission where his termination was reversed.  The  
            Civil Service Commission found that although Roberts'  
            termination was based upon the provisions of the CPSL, Warren  
            County failed to present evidence establishing a just cause  
            for his removal.  The determination was based upon the  
            Commonwealth Court's holding in Nixon v. Department of Public  
            Welfare.  [Pa. Cmwlth. 2001), 789 A.2d 376, affirmed, Nixon v.  
            Commonwealth (Pa. 2003) 576 Pa. 385.]

          In Nixon, the Commonwealth Court found that the criminal records  
            provisions in the Older Adults Protective Services Act, which  
            prohibited the hiring of individuals in the elder care field  
            who had at any time in the past been convicted of certain  
            criminal offenses was unconstitutional because there existed  








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            no rational relationship between a lifetime ban on employment  
            in elder care and a legitimate governmental purpose.  (Nixon  
            v. Department of Public Welfare, supra, 789 A.2d at 381.)  The  
            Pennsylvania court recognized a "deeply ingrained public  
            policy . . . to avoid unwarranted stigmatization of and  
            unreasonable restrictions upon former offenders.  This State  
            in recent years has been unalterably committed to  
            rehabilitation of those persons who have been convicted of  
            criminal offenses.  To forever foreclose a permissible means  
            of gainful employment because of an improvident act in the  
            distant past completely loses sight of any concept of  
            forgiveness for prior errant behavior and adds yet another  
            stumbling block along the difficult road of rehabilitation."   
            (Ibid.) 

          This bill expands the list of crimes for which an exemption may  
            not be granted by DSS for applicants of a license, special  
            permit, or certificate of approval to operate a residential  
            care facility for the elderly.  The crimes which create a  
            lifetime ban are presumably those which demonstrate a person's  
            propensity toward violence.  Thus, an argument can be made  
            that there is a rational relationship between the prohibition  
            on exemptions between the applicant's criminal history and a  
            legitimate governmental purpose in protecting the elderly and  
            infirm. 

          The crimes which have been specified to create a 10-year ban  
            from exemption from the date the person was convicted of the  
            offense or the date the person was released from incarceration  
            vary wildly.  Some crimes involve violence against a person,  
            i.e. robbery (Penal Code Section 211), corporal injury to a  
            spouse or cohabitant (Penal Code Section 273.5), and assault  
            with a deadly weapon (Penal Code Section 245). Some of the  
            crimes listed, however, do not involve violence at all, i.e.  
            burglary (Penal Code Section 459), forgery (Penal Code Section  
            470), theft (Penal Code Section 484), diversion of funds  
            received to obtain or pay for services (Penal Code Section  
            484b), publication of an access card number with the intent to  
            defraud another (Penal Code Section 484e), grand theft (Penal  
            Code Section 484), petty theft (Penal Code Section 488),  
            receipt of stolen property (Penal Code Section 496),  
            embezzlement (Penal Code Section 503), extortion (Penal Code  
            Section 518), or petty theft with a prior (Penal Code Section  
            666).  It is questionable whether a conviction for the latter  
            crimes bare a rational relationship between the 10-year  








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                                                                 Page 15

            washout period and legitimate governmental interest. 

           5)Argument in Support  :  According to  Disability Rights  
            California  , "The California Residential Care Facilities for  
            the Elderly Act provides for the licensing of RCFEs by the  
            DSS.  Existing law requires:  (a) a criminal record check of  
            applicants for a license, special permit, or certificate of  
            approval to operate a RCFE, or for other persons, including  
            staff, employees, and non-residents who live in these  
            facilities; (b) an application can be denied if the applicant  
            or any of the other designated persons has been convicted of a  
            crime, other than a minor traffic violation; and (c) the DSS  
            Director is authorized to grant an exemption from  
            disqualification under theses provisions, but allow the  
            Director deny exemption for certain crimes.

          "SB 892 would specify crimes for which the Director may not  
            grant an exemption within 10 years of either the date the  
            person was convicted of the offense or the date the person was  
            released from incarceration for the offense, whichever is  
            later.

          "SB 892 will more closely conform the DSS criminal background  
            check requirements to those of DPH to avoid the problems  
            raised by a recent state Senate report showing that caregivers  
            with a documented history of abuse and neglect were being  
            allowed to work in RCFEs, largely because the state agencies  
            aware of the abuse were not sharing information or screening  
            caregivers as required by law.  [See, "Dangerous Caregivers:   
            State Failed to Cross-Check Backgrounds, Exposing Elderly to  
            Abusive Workers" (California Senate Office of Oversight and  
            Outcomes, March 18, 2010).]

          "The bill will increase the requirements for these checks for  
            nearly everyone working in a RCFE who has contact with  
            residents.  It will also prevent nurse assistants who have  
            been decertified by DPH for being convicted of serious crimes  
            from being allowed to work in RCFEs."

           6)Argument in Opposition  :  According to the  East Bay Community  
            Law Center  , "California faces significant reentry challenges -  
            with one in five adults showing a criminal record on a  
            background check, over seven million Californians face  
            potential employment barriers.  Employment is vital to the  
            successful reentry of people with a criminal record.  At the  








                                                                  SB 892
                                                                 Page 16

            same time, California processes about 1.4 million criminal  
            background checks each year pursuant to state laws regulating  
            hundreds of occupations.  It is essential that such regulation  
            of career opportunities is fare and accords with due process  
            requirements.

          "The California Supreme Court has adopted the position that the  
            Constitution requires that state employment requirement be  
            'directly related' to an individual's fitness to perform the  
            job duties required by the position.  Specifically, the  
            Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution requires that the  
            state employment requirements must be 'directly related' to  
            the individual's capacity and fitness to perform the duties  
            which the individual is required to perform.  (  See  , Morrison  
            v. State Board of Education, (1969 1 Cal.3d 214; Schware v.  
            Board of Bar Examiners (1957) 353 U.S. 232; and Hallinan v.  
            Committee of Bar Examiners of the State Bar (1966) 54 Cal.2d  
            447.)  To determine an individual's fitness for a job, many  
            factors must be considered and evaluated, including the  
            severity of the underlying offense, the length of time since  
            the conviction occurred, and evidence of rehabilitation.

          "We oppose SB 892 for the following reasons:

             a)   "  SB 892 creates the irrational result that a worker can  
               get licensed as a Certified Nurse Assistant, but will be  
               unable to work in a Community Care Facility  .

             "To avoid this irrational result, SB 892 should be amended to  
               automatically exempt anyone licensed as a Certified Nurse  
               Assistant (CNA).

             "The list of crimes included in SB 892 as both lifetime and  
               10-year bars to obtaining an exemption is almost exactly  
               the same as the list that can disqualify a CNA applicant.   
               However, a CNA applicant can overcome the disqualification  
               and can still become licensed in the State of California if  
               he or she obtains a certificate of rehabilitation or a  
               1203.4 dismissal.

             b)   "  SB 892 applies to individuals who are not involved in  
               direct care to patients  .

             "SB 892 should be amended to apply only to employees with  
               regular, unsupervised contact with patients/residents.








                                                                  SB 892
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             "SB 892 is over broad and does not comply with Title VII of  
               the Civil Rights Act of 1965.  The proposed bar to  
               obtaining an exemption applies to all employees including  
               kitchen staff, facilities staff and administrative  
               positions that do not involve patient contact.  The listed  
               convictions are arguably not related to the job duties  
               these employees perform.  In addition, SB 892 also covers  
               any volunteer that spends more than 16 hours per week at  
               the facility.  If volunteers and employees doe not have  
               regular, unsupervised contact with patients/resident, the  
               bar to obtaining an exemption should not apply.

             c)   "  The lifetime bar from obtaining an exemption in SB 892  
               violates federal law  .

               i)     "To comply with Title VII of the Civil Rights Act,  
                 SB 892 should be amended to remove any offenses that are  
                 not job-related and provide for a time-limited bar.

               ii)    "The lifetime bar to obtaining an exemption must be  
                 removed.

               iii)   "All of the theft and dishonestly offenses included  
                 in the 10-year washout period should be removed from SB  
                 892.

               iv)    "The 10-year washout period should apply to all  
                 convictions that are arguably job related.

             d)   "Applicants should be given a copy of the DOJ RAP sheet  
               and other documents or reports generated in making the  
               fitness determination."

           7)Related Legislation :  SB 774 (Ashburn) would have required  
            county welfare departments to obtain background clearances for  
            employment applicants or transferees within the county welfare  
            department who have frequent contact with children, and would  
            have required the county welfare director to determine whether  
            or not there is convincing evidence that the person is of good  
            character and should be allowed frequent and direct contact  
            with children.  SB 774 was held on the Assembly Committee on  
            Appropriations' Suspense File. 

           8)Prior Legislation  :  SB 1759 (Ashburn), Chapter 902, Statutes  








                                                                  SB 892
                                                                  Page 18

            of 2007, made a number of revisions to criminal clearance  
            provisions for departments under the jurisdiction of the  
            California Health and Human Services Agency, including the  
            Department of Health Services and DSS with regard to clearance  
            requirements before employment.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          Aging Services of California
          Alzheimer's Association
          American Bone Health
          Arc of California
          California Advocates for Nursing Home Reform
          California Assisted Living Association 
          Congress of California Seniors
          Council on Aging
          Crime Victims United
          Disability Rights of California 
           
            Opposition 
           
          East Bay Community Law Center


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Nicole J. Hanson / PUB. S. / (916)  
          319-3744