BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  SB 1223|
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                              UNFINISHED BUSINESS


          Bill No:  SB 1223
          Author:   Calderon (D)
          Amended:  5/27/10
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE BANKING, FINANCE, AND INS. COMMITTEE  :  9-0, 4/7/10
          AYES:  Calderon, Cogdill, Correa, Florez, Kehoe, Liu,  
            Lowenthal, Padilla, Runner
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Cox, Price, Vacancy

           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  4-0, 4/13/10
          AYES:  Corbett, Hancock, Leno, Walters
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Harman

          SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8

           SENATE FLOOR  :  33-0 (Consent), 4/29/10
          AYES:  Aanestad, Alquist, Ashburn, Calderon, Cedillo,  
            Cogdill, Corbett, Correa, Cox, DeSaulnier, Ducheny,  
            Dutton, Florez, Hancock, Harman, Hollingsworth, Huff,  
            Kehoe, Leno, Liu, Lowenthal, Negrete McLeod, Oropeza,  
            Padilla, Pavley, Price, Runner, Simitian, Steinberg,  
            Walters, Wolk, Wright, Wyland
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Denham, Romero, Strickland, Wiggins,  
            Yee, Vacancy, Vacancy

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  78-0, 8/12/10 (Consent) - See last page  
            for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Escrow agents:  auctions

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           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill, with regard to an auction sale of  
          real property that has been the subject of a foreclosure  
          sale, requires an escrow agent to give back all deposits  
          and fees to a bidder once the escrow agent receives escrow  
          instructions from the auctioneer or auction company  
          directing the return of such funds.  This bill applies to  
          all escrow agents, including those required to be licensed  
          pursuant to the Escrow Law and those granted exemptions  
          from licensure under the Escrow Law.  In addition, this  
          bill requires the surety or sureties of a bond established  
          by an escrow agent to give notice to the Insurance  
          Commissioner and to Fidelity Corporation of any release,  
          substitution, cancellation, withdrawal, or nonrenewal of a  
          bond.

          Assembly Amendments  require the surety or sureties of a  
          bond established by an escrow agent to give notice to the  
          Commissioner and to Fidelity Corporation of any release,  
          substitution, cancellation, withdrawal, or nonrenewal of a  
          bond.

           ANALYSIS  :    

           Existing Law

           1. Regulates the activities of auctioneers and auction  
             companies pursuant to the Auctioneer and Auction  
             Companies Law.

          2. Requires every auction company and auctioneer to,  
             disclose their name, telephone number, and bond number  
             in all advertising; post a specified sign at the main  
             entrance to each auction; post or distribute the terms,  
             conditions, restrictions, and procedures whereby goods  
             will be sold at the auction; disclose the existence and  
             amount of any liens or encumbrances; and return the  
             blank check or deposit of each buyer who purchased no  
             goods at the sale.  Existing law imposes specified fines  
             for violation of the above provisions.

          3. Exempts the following from the definition of "auction":   

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             (a) wholesale motor vehicle auction; and (b) a sale of  
             real estate or a sale of real estate with personal  
             property or fixtures or both in a unified sale in  
             accordance with Section 9604 of the Commercial Code.

          4. Regulates the business of escrow under the Escrow Law  
             and defines "escrow" as a transaction in which one  
             person, for the purpose of effecting the sale, transfer,  
             encumbering, or leasing of real or personal property to  
             another person, delivers any written instrument, money,  
             evidence of title to real or personal property to a  
             third person to be held by that third person until the  
             happening of a specified event or the performance of a  
             prescribed condition, when it is then to be delivered by  
             that third person to a specified person.

          5. Exempts a variety of entities from Escrow Law including  
             depository institutions; a person licensed to practice  
             law in California as specified; title insurance  
             companies regulated by the Department of Insurance; and  
             real estate brokers performing in the course of, or  
             incidental to a real estate transaction in which the  
             broker is an agent or a party to the transaction and is  
             performing an act for which a real estate license is  
             required.

          This bill:

          1. Requires the surety or sureties of a bond established by  
             an escrow agent to give notice to the commissioner and  
             to Fidelity Corporation of any release, substitution,  
             cancellation, withdrawal, or nonrenewal of a bond.

          2. Require an escrow agent to return all deposits and fees  
             received from a bidder in connection with an auction of  
             real property that has been the subject of a foreclosure  
             sale, upon receipt of escrow instructions from the  
             auctioneer or auction company directing the return of  
             all funds placed on deposit by the bidder with that  
             agent.  

           3. Provide that for purposes of this bill, an escrow agent  
             may recognize an auctioneer or auction company as the  
             agent of the property seller.

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          4. Clarifies that this bill applies to auction sales of  
             real property that have previously been foreclosed upon  
             and are now the subject of a subsequent,  
             post-foreclosure auction sale.  This bill does not apply  
             to foreclosure sales.

          5. Clarifies that provisions of this bill apply to all  
             escrow agents, including those required to be licensed  
             pursuant to the Escrow Law and those granted exemptions  
             from licensure under the Escrow Law pursuant to  
             Financial Code Section 17006.
          
          Background  

          California ranks fourth in foreclosures in the nation,  
          following Nevada, Florida, and Arizona, with one in every  
          195 housing units receiving a foreclosure filing in  
          February of this year.  (Lazo, Alejandro, "Fewer homes  
          enter foreclosure process in February," Los Angeles Times,  
          March 11, 2010.)  According to a recent article in the Los  
          Angeles Times, foreclosures make up approximately 42.3  
          percent of the housing market in southern California noting  
          that the "foreclosure factor will likely remain strong in  
          the housing market and experts have long feared that a new  
          wave of them is coming."  (Alejandro Lazo, "Southern  
          California home prices rise 10 percent in February," Los  
          Angeles Times, March 17, 2010.)   In addition, according to  
          statistics by RAND California, the number of foreclosed  
          homes statewide totaled 189,788 in 2009.  As foreclosed  
          homes have inundated the real estate market, the method of  
          using auctions to sell this type of property has become  
          more commonplace.

          Selling a foreclosed house typically involves the financial  
          institution listing the property through a multiple listing  
          service or using other traditional real estate marketing  
          means.  However, after a house fails to be purchased within  
          a few months through these traditional means, financial  
          institutions are increasingly turning to auction companies  
          to help sell a bank-owned property.  Auctions may benefit  
          financial institutions looking to unload a foreclosed home  
          in several ways, including stimulating interest in a given  
          property to a wider audience, potentially increasing the  

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          final sale price by an auctioneer stirring multiple bidders  
          to increase their bids during an auction, or, helping to  
          facilitate or encourage the sale of a piece of residential  
          real estate that would either otherwise not sell on the  
          open market or that would probably sell for far less than  
          it could be sold at auction.

          However, at auction, a winning bid on a foreclosed home may  
          not always result in the property actually being sold to  
          that bidder.  For example, a seller may have a reserve  
          price on the property which is an unpublished minimum  
          dollar amount that is essentially the lowest offer the  
          seller is willing to accept.  A seller maintains the right  
          to reject the winning bid if that bid is below the reserve  
          price.  If a seller chooses not to accept the bid, then the  
          bidder should be refunded his/her deposit.

          This bill is a follow-up to last year's SB 109 (Calderon)  
          which was vetoed by the Governor.  Senate Bill 109 was a  
          more comprehensive bill than this bill and would have done  
          the following:  (1) removed the exemption for sales of real  
          property from the Auctioneer and Auction Company Law for  
          sales of real property; (2) established specific rules for  
          auction sales of foreclosed real estate, including  
          requiring notification to an auction audience of all fees  
          that would be levied as a condition of bidding and an  
          explanation of specified terms relating to the auction; and  
          (3) required the return of deposits and fees in a specified  
          time if the high bidder's offer was rejected or if the  
          seller did not respond to the offer.  Governor  
          Schwarzenegger vetoed SB 109, stating: 

            "While the goals of SB 109 are laudable, this bill adds  
            additional unnecessary regulatory burdens on business.   
            Existing law provides consumers with civil remedies  
            should a seller fail to release a deposit in a timely  
            fashion.  In addition, auctions of real property by  
            third parties often involve a real estate broker whose  
            improper conduct would already be subject to discipline  
            by the Department of Real Estate.  Since this measure  
            would unnecessary restrictions and fees upon real  
            estate auctioneers, I am unable to sign this bill.

            "This bill is narrower in focus than SB 109 and is  

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            intended to make certain that refundable deposits at  
            auctions are returned to a bidder of a foreclosed  
            property in a timely manner if his or her bid is  
            ultimately rejected by the seller of the property."
          
           FISCAL EFFECT :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  Yes

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/12/10)

          Escrow Agents' Fidelity Corp.
          California Association of Realtors


           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author's office,  
          some bidders have reported having difficulty recouping  
          their refundable deposits after an auction when the seller  
          has rejected their bid.  The deposit funds are not held by  
          the auctioneer or auction company but rather are held by an  
          escrow agent.  In order to release the funds back to the  
          bidder, the escrow agent must receive instruction to do so  
          by both the property buyer and seller.  After an auction,  
          if the seller cannot be located or contacted to give such  
          instruction, then the escrow agent cannot give back the  
          deposit to the bidder. 

          This bill addresses this issue by allowing auctioneers and  
          auction companies to act as the agent of the seller for  
          purposes of directing an escrow agent to return deposits  
          and fees to a bidder.

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  : 
          AYES: Adams, Ammiano, Anderson, Arambula, Bass, Beall, Bill  
            Berryhill, Tom Berryhill, Blakeslee, Block, Blumenfield,  
            Bradford, Brownley, Buchanan, Caballero, Charles  
            Calderon, Carter, Chesbro, Conway, Cook, Coto, Davis, De  
            La Torre, De Leon, DeVore, Eng, Evans, Feuer, Fletcher,  
            Fong, Fuentes, Fuller, Furutani, Gaines, Galgiani,  
            Garrick, Gatto, Gilmore, Hagman, Hall, Harkey, Hayashi,  
            Hernandez, Hill, Huber, Huffman, Jeffries, Jones, Knight,  
            Lieu, Logue, Bonnie Lowenthal, Ma, Mendoza, Miller,  
            Monning, Nava, Nestande, Niello, Nielsen, V. Manuel  
            Perez, Portantino, Ruskin, Salas, Saldana, Silva,  
            Skinner, Smyth, Solorio, Audra Strickland, Swanson,  

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            Torlakson, Torres, Torrico, Tran, Villines, Yamada, John  
            A. Perez
          NO VOTE RECORDED: Norby, Vacancy


          JJA:do  8/16/10   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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