BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



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          SENATE THIRD READING
          SB 1345 (Calderon)
          As Amended  May 11, 2010
          Majority vote 

           SENATE VOTE  :23-5  
           
           WATER, PARKS & WILDLIFE     7-4                                 
           
           -------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Huffman, Fuller,          |
          |     |Anderson, Arambula, Tom   |
          |     |Berryhill,                |
          |     |De La Torre, Fletcher     |
          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Caballero, Gatto, Salas,  |
          |     |Yamada                    |
          |     |                          |
           -------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Extends to 2016 the exemption from a ban on importing  
          kangaroo parts contained in the existing law, if some reporting  
          requirements are met.  Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Requires that the Department of Fish and Game (DFG) receive  
            confirmation, in writing, from the Australian government that  
            the commercial harvest of kangaroos in any future year will  
            not exceed the official quota established for that year,  
            consistent with Australian national and state law, and of the  
            sustainability principles on which that quota is based.

          2)Extends the sunset clause of the current exemption from the  
            ban on importing kangaroo parts from 2011 to 2016.
           
          EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Makes it unlawful to import into this state for commercial  
            purposes, to possess with intent to sell, or to sell within  
            the state, the dead body or any part or product thereof, of  
            any polar bear, leopard, ocelot, tiger, cheetah, jaguar, sable  
            antelope, wolf, zebra, whale, cobra, python, sea turtle,  
            colobus monkey, kangaroo, vicuna, sea otter, free-roaming  
            feral horse, dolphin or porpoise, Spanish lynx, or elephant.









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          2)Makes a violation of this section a misdemeanor, punishable by  
            a fine of $1,000 to $5,000 and/or six months in county jail.    
              

          3)Contains an exemption, allowing the importation of kangaroo  
            parts provided the following:

             a)   The kangaroos were harvested lawfully under Australian  
               laws, international conventions, and the federal Endangered  
               Species Act (16 U.S.C. Sec. 1531 et seq.);

             b)   DFG is annually informed by the Australian government  
               that the commercial harvest of kangaroos in any future year  
               will not exceed the official quota established for 2007 or  
               the lawful take of kangaroos in each subsequent year,  
               whichever is less.  The import ban will apply if DFG fails  
               to receive this report;

             c)   This exemption remains in effect only until January 1,  
               2011, and as of that date is repealed, unless a later  
               statute, enacted on or before January 1, 2011, deletes or  
               extends that date.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Nonfiscal

           COMMENTS  : This bill extends a provision allowing products made  
          from wild kangaroos harvested in Australia to be legally sold in  
          California, subject to certain conditions.  The exemption was  
          initially enacted with passage of SB 880 (Calderon) Chapter 576,  
          Statutes of 2007.  Kangaroos are marsupial (pouch-bearing)  
          mammals endemic to the continent of Australia.  Of the 47  
          species, several of the smaller species, such as wallabies and  
          pademelons, have declined since European colonization.  The  
          larger species of Kangaroos are not endangered, and are abundant  
          in some areas, leading to an annual cull or organized commercial  
          hunt.  In 2010, only five species can legally be harvested:  the  
          Red, Eastern Gray, Western Gray, Euro or Wallaroo kangaroo and  
          Bennett's Wallaby, found only on King Island, Tasmania.   

          An annual quota is set for each region where the cull is  
          conducted, based on the population numbers of the kangaroos in  
          that area.  The quotas are a scientifically estimated sustained  
          yield and represent an upper harvest limit independent of  
          industry demand, according to the Australian Department of the  








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          Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts.  For 2009, the quota  
          was 4.1 million animals, but only 1.9 million animals were  
          actually harvested.  The quota for 2010 is just over 4 million,  
          and the total population of kangaroos in the harvest area is  
          over 27 million.  

          The author has introduced this bill to ensure that importation  
          and sale of products made from kangaroo hides, such as soccer  
          shoes and boots used by law enforcement, remains legal in  
          California.  Prior to passage of SB 880 in 2007, California was  
          the only state that prohibited importation of kangaroo products.  
           If no action is taken by the Legislature, then SB 880 will  
          sunset by its own terms in 2011 and sale of kangaroo products  
          would again be illegal in California. 

          Supporters also argue that this bill is needed to ensure that  
          the products made from leather of non-endangered kangaroos  
          remain legal for sale in California, and that without this bill  
          an ambiguity will be created in law and local retailers will  
          face possible litigation exposure. They assert that allowing the  
          current exemption to sunset would only put California retailers  
          at a competitive disadvantage vis-?-vis out-of-state retailers  
          because kangaroo products may be legally imported and sold in  
          the other 49 states, and can be purchased by Californians over  
          the internet. The Australian government supports this bill and  
          asserts that kangaroo harvesting is important for both kangaroo  
          population management and sustainable land care, and that there  
          have been no adverse impacts on kangaroo populations in over  
          twenty years from commercial harvesting.

          Opponents, primarily organizations devoted to animal protection,  
          argue that Australia's regulation of kangaroo hunting does not  
          ensure that only abundant species of kangaroo are being killed.   
          This argument is contradicted by Australian literature which  
          indicates that the endangered species are very distinct and  
          entirely different-looking from the large and abundant  
          kangaroos.  The contacted expert indicated that he knew of no  
          instances of an endangered species getting accidentally shot  
          during the kangaroo hunt. 
           
          The opponents' main argument focuses on their objection to  
          harvesting wildlife for profit, which, they point out, is not  
          done in California, as well as to what they perceive as inhumane  
          methods of killing kangaroos, particularly joeys (baby  








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          kangaroos) that may be found in the pouches of mother kangaroos  
          which have been shot.  The Australian Code of Practice for  
          humane shooting of kangaroos requires that shot females must be  
          examined for pouch young and if one is present it must also be  
          killed.  Decapitation with a sharp instrument in very small  
          hairless young or a properly executed heavy blow to destroy the  
          brain in larger young are effective means of causing sudden and  
          painless death.  Supporters point out that these requirements in  
          the Code of Practice are intended to avoid leaving any joeys  
          orphaned, as they generally can not survive on their own.  Royal  
          Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Australia  
          (RSPCA Australia), in its review of compliance with the Code of  
          Practice notes that RSPCA Australia believes that the only  
          solution which would avoid the potential of cruelty to pouch  
          young would be to avoid shooting females altogether.    
           

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Igor Lacan / W., P. & W. / (916)  
          319-2096 


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