BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 52
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 52 (Feuer) 
          As Amended June 1, 2011
          Majority vote 

           HEALTH              12-7        APPROPRIATIONS      9-7         
           
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          |Ayes:|Monning, Ammiano, Atkins, |Ayes:|Fuentes, Blumenfield,     |
          |     |Bonilla, Eng, Gordon,     |     |Bradford, Campos, Davis,  |
          |     |Hayashi,                  |     |Gatto, Hill, Lara,        |
          |     |Roger Hernández, Bonnie   |     |Mitchell                  |
          |     |Lowenthal, Mitchell, V.   |     |                          |
          |     |Manuel Pérez, Williams    |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Logue, Garrick, Mansoor,  |Nays:|Harkey, Charles Calderon, |
          |     |Nestande, Pan, Silva,     |     |Donnelly, Nielsen, Norby, |
          |     |Smyth                     |     |Solorio, Wagner           |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Requires health care service plans (health plans) 
          licensed by the Department of Managed Health Care (DMHC) and 
          health insurers (collectively carriers) certificated by the 
          California Department of Insurance (CDI) (collectively 
          regulators), effective January 1, 2012, to apply for prior 
          approval of proposed rate increases, under specified conditions, 
          and imposes on regulators specific rate review criteria, 
          timelines, and hearing requirements.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Prohibits any rate from being approved or remaining in effect 
            that is found to be excessive, inadequate, unfairly 
            discriminatory, or otherwise in violation of the standards 
            established by this bill.  Prohibits carriers from 
            implementing a rate for a new product or change the rate it 
            charges, unless it submits an application and the application 
            is approved by regulators.

          2)Permits regulators to approve, deny, or modify any proposed 
            rate for a new product or any rate change for an existing 
            product, as specified.  Requires the regulators to review for 
            compliance, with the requirements in this bill, all rate 
            increases which become effective January 1, 2011, to December 
            31, 2011.  Requires regulators to take into account 
            established actuarial principles.  Requires regulators to 








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            order the refund of payments made pursuant to any such rate, 
            to the extent DMHC or CDI find the rate to be excessive, 
            inadequate, or unfairly discriminatory.
          
          3)Requires any final finding, determination, rule, ruling, or 
            order made by CDI or DMHC to be subject to review by the 
            courts of the state, and in accordance with the Code of Civil 
            Procedure, such that the court is authorized and directed to 
            exercise its independent judgment on the evidence and unless 
            the weight of the evidence supports the findings, 
            determination, rule, ruling or order of CDI or DMHC, the same 
            shall be annulled.

          4)Requires any petition for review of any such finding, 
            determination, rule, ruling or order pursuant to 3) above to 
            be filed within 60 days of the public notice of the order or 
            decision.

          5)Requires that all information submitted in a rate application 
            and all information submitted in support of the application be 
            subject to the California Public Records Act, except for 
            financial data, where the disclosure of which would be 
            competitively injurious to the carrier, as determined by the 
            regulator.

          6)Requires regulators to notify the public of rate applications 
            submitted by carriers through a posting on regulator Web sites 
            and distribution to the major statewide media and to any 
            member of the public who requests placement on a mailing list 
            or electronic mail list to receive the notice.  Requires the 
            regulator, if it holds a hearing on the application, to issue 
            a decision and findings within 100 days after the hearing.  

          7)Authorizes an enrollee or policyholder to initiate or 
            intervene in any proceeding pursuant to this bill.  Requires 
            compensation to be provided for reasonable advocate's fees, 
            reasonable expert witness fees, and other reasonable costs to 
            enrollees or policyholders for participation or intervention, 
            as specified.  Defines an "enrollee" or "policyholder" as a 
            representative of one or more enrollees, subscribers, or 
            member of any health plan or policyholders of a health 
            insurer; or a group or organization authorized pursuant to its 
            articles of incorporation or bylaws to represent the interests 
            of consumer enrollees, subscribers, members, or policyholders.









                                                                  AB 52
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           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations 
          Committee:

          1)Annual fee-supported special fund costs of at least $30 
            million to DMHC and CDI, combined, to process, review, 
            approve, post, and monitor activities related to rate increase 
            approvals.  Workload to DMHC and CDI includes data collection, 
            actuarial analysis, consumer services, rate enforcement, legal 
            analysis, administrative law hearings, and continued 
            oversight.  This estimate is subject to significant 
            uncertainty, as workload would depend on plan behavior with 
            respect to the timing and number of proposed rate increases.

          2)A significant increase in fee-supported special funds may be 
            required for several years and especially during major 
            coverage expansions in several years per requirements of the 
            federal Patient and Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act 
            (PPACA).  Actual costs may subside earlier, depending on 
            patterns of health coverage expansions and related changes in 
            insurance product pricing.

          3)PPACA includes some support for states to conduct general rate 
            review and report to the federal government about unjustified 
            rates.  California has received $3 million each year for the 
            next three years, and may be eligible for an additional $2 
            million.  This federal funding would offset any fee-supported 
            special fund costs generated by this bill.

           COMMENTS  :  The author states that insurance rates continue to 
          escalate at a remarkable pace:  from 1999 to 2009, health 
          insurance premiums for families rose 131%, while the general 
          rate of inflation increased just 28% during the same period, 
          according to a report by the Kaiser Family Foundation.  The same 
          report concluded that states with robust and transparent rate 
          review and approval processes have greater power to protect 
          consumers from large rate increases.  The author states that 
          this bill would bring California in line with 35 other states 
          that require some form of prior health insurance rate approval 
          by state regulators.

          Regulation and oversight of health insurance in California is 
          split between two state departments, the DMHC and CDI.  DMHC 
          regulates health plans, including HMOs and some Preferred 
          Provider Organization (PPO) plans.  CDI regulates multiple lines 
          of insurance, including disability insurers offering health 








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          insurance, generally PPO plans and traditional indemnity 
          coverage.  In California, health insurance is generally not 
          subject to rate regulation, with few exceptions.  

          This bill proposes to confer direct rate regulation authority 
          for health coverage on both regulators, using language similar 
          to that enacted when the voters passed Proposition 103 (Prop 
          103) in 1988.  Prop 103 currently applies to auto, homeowners, 
          and other forms of property/casualty insurance and, generally, 
          requires extensive examination of any rates proposed by 
          insurers.  Consumer advocates point out that during the decade 
          after Prop 103 was adopted, auto insurance rates in California 
          went down by 4% while auto insurance products remain broadly 
          available and competitive, and the uninsured motorist population 
          declined by 38%.  Nationally, auto insurance rates rose over 25% 
          during this period.  

          On March 23, 2010, President Obama signed the PPACA.  Among 
          other provisions, the new law makes statutory changes affecting 
          the regulation of and payment for certain types of private 
          health insurance.  In August 2010, DMHC and CDI received federal 
          funds available under PPACA for rate review activities (DMHC 
          received $607,998 and CDI received $392,002) to enhance the 
          DMHC's and CDI's information technology infrastructure to 
          support data collection and public disclosure of premium rates 
          through the National Association of Insurance Commissioners' 
          System for Electronic Rate and Form Filing, and hire actuaries 
          or obtain contractual actuarial services to develop premium rate 
          review process and review rate filings.  According to DMHC, the 
          grant funds will allow both departments to improve the 
          collection of premium rate information; to enhance the depth and 
          breadth of current rate reviews; and, to build the 
          infrastructure necessary to enable each department to perform 
          the expanded range and significantly greater volume of rate 
          reviews required by PPACA.  
          
          Recent high profile rate increases proposed by major California 
          insurers have resulted in increased public and state scrutiny 
          into the actuarial analysis of those increases and has resulted 
          in withdrawal of those rate increases.  Supporters write that 
          health insurers are continuously increasing rates on individual 
          and group policyholders, and the uninsured often come from the 
          most vulnerable communities of the state.  Supporters further 
          state that the increases in health insurance premiums for 
          individuals and small businesses revealed in recent months have 








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          capped years of steady increases in overall premiums.  

          Anthem Blue Cross writes that because insurance rates are a 
          function of insurance costs, adding an additional layer of 
          regulation will only increase the cost of delivering health care 
          to Californians.  Kaiser Permanente Medical Program writes that 
          supporters of this bill assert that Prop 103 has lowered auto 
          insurance rates - and believes the evidence for this claim is 
          dubious because proponents give no consideration to the much 
          more likely causal factors of dramatically reduced accident 
          rates and decreased liability costs after the California Supreme 
          Court prohibited third-party bad faith lawsuits.   The Civil 
          Justice Association states that the most troubling part of this 
          bill allows any person to intervene in any proceeding to 
          "enforce any action of the department under this article, and 
          enforce any provision of this article on behalf of him or 
          herself or members of the public."  


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Teri Boughton / HEALTH / (916) 319-2097 



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