BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   AB 391|
          |Office of Senate Floor Analyses   |                         |
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 391
          Author:   Pan (D), et al.
          Amended:  6/27/12 in Senate
          Vote:     27 - Urgency

           
           SENATE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 5/8/12
          AYES:  Hancock, Anderson, Calderon, Harman, Liu, Price, 
            Steinberg

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  6-0, 6/4/12
          AYES:  Kehoe, Walters, Alquist, Dutton, Lieu, Steinberg
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Price

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  Not relevant


           SUBJECT  :    Secondhand dealers and pawnbrokers:  electronic 
          reporting

           SOURCE  :     Office of the Attorney General


           DIGEST  :    This bill implements the currently unfunded 
          system for electronic reporting of transactions in pawned 
          and secondhand goods through fees from secondhand property 
          dealers and pawnbrokers.

           Senate Floor Amendments  of 6/27/12 (1) exclude coin dealers 
          from the requirement that secondhand dealers and pawn 
          brokers report specified transactions electronically and 
          (2) state legislative findings that pawnbrokers and 
          secondhand dealers will receive a clear benefit from 
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          reporting transactions electronically.

          Note:This bill passed the Senate on 6/14/12 (35-0) and was 
          returned from the Assembly for these amendments.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law:

           Secondhand Dealers and Pawn Generally
           
          Existing law includes a statement of legislative intent to 
          curtail the dissemination of stolen property, to facilitate 
          the recovery of stolen property and to detect possible 
          sales tax evasion by means of a uniform, statewide, 
          state-administered program of regulation of persons whose 
          principal business is dealing in tangible personal 
          property, as specified.  (Business & Professions Code (BPC) 
          Section 21625; Financial Code (FIN) Section 21051)

          Existing law includes legislative intent that reports of 
          transactions in pawned and secondhand property should be 
          correlated with law enforcement reports so as to trace and 
          recover stolen property.  (BPC Section 21625)

          Existing law, for purposes of the system for curtailing 
          dissemination of stolen property, defines a "secondhand 
          dealer" as any person or entity whose business includes 
          buying, selling, trading, taking in pawn, accepting for 
          sale on consignment or auctioning any "tangible personal 
          property."  (BPC Section 21625)

          Existing law defines "tangible personal property" thus: 

          1.All secondhand personal property that has a serial number 
            or personalized markings;

          2.All tangible property, new or used, taken by a pawnbroker 
            as security for a loan;

          3.All tangible personal property commonly sold by 
            secondhand dealers that constitutes a significant class 
            of stolen property.  (BPC Section 21627, subds. (a)-(b))
           
          Existing law provides that tangible personal property does 
          not include new goods purchased by a secondhand dealer from 

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          a bona fide manufacturer or distributor.  (BPC Section 
          21627, subd. (c))

          Existing law provides that tangible personal property does 
          not include coins, monetized bullion or commercial grade 
          ingots of precious metals.  (BPC Section 21627, subd. (d))

          Existing law defines a pawnbroker as a "person engaged in 
          the business of receiving goods in pledge for security for 
          a loan."  (FIN Section 21000)

          Existing law defines a "coin dealer" as a person or entity 
          "whose principal business is the buying, selling, and 
          trading of coins, monetized bullion, or commercial grade 
          ingots of gold, or silver, or other precious metals."  (BPC 
          Section 21626, subd. (b))  A coin dealer is not a 
          secondhand dealer, except as concerns transactions in 
          tangible personal property.  (BPC Section 21626, subd. (a))

          Existing law includes a statement of legislative intent to 
          require the uniform statewide reporting of transactions in 
          and acquisitions of secondhand and pawned property by 
          pawnbrokers and secondhand dealers.  (BPC Section 21625; 
          FIN Section 21051)

          Existing law provides that pawnbrokers and coin dealers 
          shall report daily on forms approved or provided by the 
          Department of Justice (DOJ), all personal property 
          purchased, taken in trade, taken in pawn, etc., to local 
          law enforcement.  The report shall include the following 
          information: 

          1.The name and current address and identification of the 
            intended seller or pledgor of the property; 

          2.A complete and reasonably accurate description of 
            serialized or nonserialized property;

          3.A certification by the intended seller or pledgor that he 
            or she is the owner of the property, or has the authority 
            of the owner to sell or pledge the property and that any 
            information provide is true and complete, and a legible 
            fingerprint taken from the intended seller or pledgor.  
            (BPC Section 21628)

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          Existing law provides the following concerning the 
          identification that must be offered by a pledgor of 
          property in pawn or seller of property:

          1.The identification provided by the pledgor shall include 
            a photograph, a description or both, and a signature.

          2.The identification shall be verified by the person taking 
            the property.

          3.The following forms of identification are acceptable:

                 U.S. passport;
                 Driver's license issued by any state or Canada;
                 Identification card issued by any state;
                 Identification card issued by the United States;
                 Matricula Consular, in addition to another form; or
                 A passport from any other county, or a Matricula 
               Consular, in addition to another form of 
               identification bearing an address.

          Existing law generally provides that violations of the 
          licensing and reporting requirements for transactions in 
          pawned or (secondhand) tangible personal property are 
          misdemeanors.  (BPC Section 21645; FIN Section 21209)

           Electronic Reporting of Transactions by Secondhand Dealers 
          and Pawnbrokers in Tangible Personal Property 
           
          Existing law requires secondhand dealers, as defined, to 
          make reports to local law enforcement by electronic means 
          about transactions in tangible personal property, as 
          follows:

          1.DOJ and local law enforcement agencies, in consultation 
            with representatives from the secondhand dealer and coin 
            dealer businesses, to develop a standard format to be 
            used statewide to transmit a report electronically of all 
            pawned and secondhand property, as follows:

          2.Twelve months after the format and the categories have 
            been developed, each secondhand dealer and coin dealer 
            will be required to electronically report using this 

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            format the information required by this bill under these 
            reporting categories.

          3.Until that time, each secondhand dealer and coin dealer 
            will be allowed to either continue to report this 
            information using existing forms and procedures or may 
            begin electronically reporting this information under the 
            reporting categories and using the format described in 
            this bill as soon as each has been developed.  (Penal 
            Code Section 21628, subd. (j))

          Existing law requires a coin dealer who engages in less 
          than ten specified transactions each week involving 
          tangible personal property to report the transaction on a 
          paper form developed by DOJ.  The form shall be transmitted 
          each day by facsimile transmission or by mail to the chief 
          of police or sheriff.  A transaction shall consist of not 
          more than one item.  When a coin dealer engages in at least 
          10 transactions per week, the coin dealers shall report 
          electronically, as with any pawnbroker or secondhand 
          dealer.  (BPC Section 21628, subd. (j)(B)(3))

           Implementation of the System of Electronic Reporting of 
          Transactions by Secondhand Dealers and Pawnbrokers in 
          Tangible Personal Property - Payment of a Fee by Licensees
           
          This bill:

            1.  Provides that on the date that DOJ implements the 
              statewide electronic reporting system for pawned or 
              secondhand tangible personal property, each secondhand 
              dealer, pawnbroker or coin dealer shall electronically 
              report applicable transactions, as specified.

            2.  Provides that for 30 days after implementation of the 
              electronic system, dealers shall continue to report on 
              paper forms.

            3.  Provides that DOJ shall charge all secondhand dealers 
              and pawnbrokers a fee for the operation of the 
              electronic reporting system.  

            4.  Provides that the secondhand dealer licensing 
              authority - the sheriff, police chief or police 

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              commission as applicable - shall collect the electronic 
              system reporting fee and transmit the fee to DOJ.

            5.  Provides that the secondhand dealer licensing 
              authority may charge a fee to the applicant not to 
              exceed the actual costs incurred to process the 
              application and the collect and transmit the fee 
              charged by DOJ. 

            6.  Provides that pawnbrokers shall comply with property 
              transaction reporting requirements imposed on 
              secondhand dealers.

            7.  Provides the following as to the calculation of the 
              electronic reporting system fee: 

              A.    The fee shall be paid at the time the original 
                license is granted and when the license is renewed 
                every two years.

              B.    The fee shall be no more than $300 in any event.

              C.    The fee shall be no more than necessary to 
                reflect the costs of the following:

                         Processing of the initial application.
                         Processing renewal applications.
                         Implementing, operating and maintain the 
                   statewide reporting system. 

            1.  Provides that within 120 days of the effective date 
              of this bill, all license holders, as specified, shall 
              pay a fee not to exceed $288 to DOJ.

            2.  Establishes the Secondhand Dealer and Pawnbroker Fund 
              and shall, upon appropriation of the Legislature, to be 
              used by DOJ for implementation, operation, and 
              maintenance of the pawned and secondhand property 
              electronic reporting system.

            3.  Provides that any applicant for a secondhand dealer 
              or pawnbroker shall submit fingerprints and related 
              information required by DOJ for the purpose of 
              determining, pursuant to Penal Code Section 11105, 

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              subdivision (l), the applicant's criminal record, 
              including convictions and arrests.  Arrest records 
              under this provision do not include charges resulting 
              in exoneration, or successful diversion, or deferred 
              entry of judgment proceedings.

            4.  Directs DOJ to provide subsequent arrest information 
              of the applicant to appropriate local government 
              licensing entities.

            5.  Provides that DOJ shall charge a fee sufficient to 
              cover the costs of the criminal record check process. 

          This bill states that the Legislature finds and declares 
          that secondhand dealers and pawnbrokers will receive a 
          clear benefit from the electronic reporting system.  
          Pawnbrokers and secondhand dealers are currently required 
          to report on paper forms approved or provided by DOJ and to 
          maintain specified records for five years.  The current 
          requirements cost pawnbrokers and secondhand dealers 
          between $14,000 and $100,000 a month.  The electronic 
          reporting system will eliminate the costly and risk-prone 
          paper form reporting system required of these businesses 
          under existing law and replace it with a more 
          cost-effective electronic reporting system.

           FISCAL EFFECT :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes   
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

           One-time costs of $1.2 million (Special Fund) to the DOJ 
            in 2012-13 to develop the electronic reporting system, to 
            be offset through the collection of a combination of 
            fees, both from a new/renewal license fee of $300 and a 
            one-time fee of $288 imposed on pre-existing licensees.  
            The DOJ estimates $1,382,000 in fees will be collected 
            from an estimated 4,800 licensees statewide within 120 
            days of the bill's enactment.  Additional time may be 
            required for sufficient funding to be available to 
            initiate development of the system to the extent there 
            are fewer licensees statewide. 

           Ongoing costs of $691,000 (Special Fund) in 2013-14 and 

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            thereafter to the DOJ to operate and maintain the 
            electronic reporting system, to be offset by biennial 
            license renewal fees and new license application fees of 
            $720,000 from an estimated 2,400 licensees in 2013-14 and 
            annually thereafter.  To the extent there are fewer 
            new/renewed licensees and/or increased costs for ongoing 
            system operation and maintenance, annual costs in the 
            initial years of operation may not be fully covered by 
            fees. 

           Potential increase in the Proposition 98 minimum funding 
            guarantee in the range of $550,000 one-time and $288,000 
            (General Fund) ongoing  should the increased revenues be 
            considered General Fund proceeds of taxes for purposes of 
            calculating the minimum school funding obligation.

           Ongoing costs to the DOJ to process fingerprint images 
            for new licensees, to be fully offset by fees of $32 per 
            applicant (Fingerprint Fee Account). 

           Ongoing costs to local licensing authorities, to be 
            offset by fees authorized to be charged to applicants to 
            recover the actual costs of processing applications.  
            Clarifying language to include costs for the collection 
            and transmittal of license fees in the authorized fee is 
            recommended to ensure full cost recovery by licensing 
            agencies.

           Some degree of economic stimulus resulting from cost 
            savings realized by affected businesses through 
            operational efficiencies gained by transitioning from the 
            paper reporting process to the electronic reporting 
            system.

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  6/7/12)

          Office of the Attorney General (source) 
          Broadway Jewelry and Pawn
          California Chamber of Commerce
          California Coalition of Law Enforcement Associations
          California Farm Bureau Federation
          California Pawnbrokers Association
          California Peace Officers Association
          California State Sheriffs Association

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          Capital City Loan and Jewelry
          City of Bell Gardens Police Department, Chief Robert E. 
          Barnes
          City of Fresno Police Department, Chief Jerry P. Dyer
          City of Novato Police Department, Joseph M. Kreins
          City of Sacramento Police Department, Chief Rick Braziel
          City of Santa Ana Police Department, Chief Paul M. Walters
          City of Santa Barbara Police Department, Chief Cam Sanchez
          County of Los Angeles Sheriff Department, Sheriff Leroy D. 
          Baca
          Los Angeles County Sheriff, Leroy Baca
          National Federation of Independent Business
          Peace Officers Research Association of California
          Royal Loan
          Sacramento County Sheriff, Scott Jones
          San Diego County Police Chiefs & Sheriff's Association
          San Diego Jewelry and Pawn
          Southern California Alliance of Law Enforcement 
          Trader Stan's Pawn Shop
          Westminster Jewelry and Loan

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  6/7/12)

          California Coin & Bullion Merchants Association (unless 
          amended)
          California State Numismatic Association

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The California Farm Bureau 
          Federation states that this bill addresses the increasing 
          rates of metal theft in California.  Farmers and ranchers 
          are doing what they can to protect their metal from theft, 
          however these materials must be kept outside so there are 
          limits to what theft deterrent methods our members can 
          employ.  Actively providing scrap metal recycler records 
          through a streamlined electronic system to local law 
          enforcement is one method that will help reduce the 
          instances of metal theft.  Providing consistent records 
          from scrap metal recyclers will help law enforcement 
          address the current metal theft epidemic facing 
          California's communities.  Having records provided 
          regularly will save law enforcement time and allow for law 
          enforcement to easily recognize criminal patterns of metal 
          theft and subsequent recycling.  Unfortunately the current 
          system needs improvement and AB 391 would create a 

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          statewide electronic system that would simplify the 
          reporting process and make records more easily accessible 
          for local law enforcement.  In 2008, SB 447 (Maldonado) was 
          signed into law requiring junk dealers and recyclers to 
          report their scrap metal purchases to local law enforcement 
          in the same manner as required of secondhand dealers.  AB 
          391, while targeted towards the reporting system for 
          secondhand dealers, will improve the reporting system for 
          junk dealers and recyclers in the process.  Reducing and 
          eliminating rural crime is a high priority of the Farm 
          Bureau.  California's farmers and ranchers compete in a 
          global marketplace and are unable to pass on increased 
          costs to consumers.  Metal theft causes losses not just of 
          the actual metal but of the cost of repairing or replacing 
          the item from which the metal was stripped.

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    The California Coin & Bullion 
          Merchants Association (CCBMA) opposes this bill, unless 
          amended, and states that CCBMA has been involved in the 
          development of a statewide electronic transaction reporting 
          program since SB 1520 (Schiff) was enacted in 2000.  While 
          the organization supports the creations of a statewide 
          program, they have steadfastly opposed the unfair funding 
          mechanism previously advanced by the pawnbrokers that is 
          incorporated in AB 391.  In funding the creation and 
          maintenance of a statewide electronic reporting system, 
          CCBMA believes that the more a secondhand dealer uses the 
          system, the more he or she should pay for it.  In its 
          present form AB 391 assesses a flat biennial fee of up to 
          $300 on every secondhand dealer, regardless of the number 
          of transactions the deal reports to the Attorney General.  
          A small mom-and-pop secondhand dealer who engages in ten 
          transactions per month would be assessed the same as 
          Capital City Loan and Jewelry in Sacramento which reports 
          28,000 transactions per month.  They believe this is 
          unfair.  The reporting systems should be supported by all 
          users in proportion to the amount they use.  The biennial 
          $300 fee will force many small secondhand dealers either 
          out of business or into the underground economy.  They 
          indicate the funding mechanism in AB 391 is the same one 
          advocated by the pawnbroker industry for more than a 
          decade.  In its present form, AB 391 would force secondhand 
          dealers as an industry to pay the lion's share of the 
          development and maintenance costs of the electronic 

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          reporting system when, in fact, the system will be used 
          primarily by pawnbrokers.  Instead of the biennial $300 
          fee, CCBMA requests an amendment to create a biennial $25 
          fee plus a twenty-five cent per transaction fee.  That way, 
          both heavy users and occasional users will pay their fair 
          share.  
           

          RJG:n  6/28/12   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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