BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 852
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          Date of Hearing:   March 29, 2011

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HIGHER EDUCATION
                                 Marty Block, Chair
                     AB 852 (Fong) - As Amended:  March 21, 2011
           
          SUBJECT  :   Public postsecondary education: community colleges: 
          temporary faculty.

           SUMMARY  :  Establishes reemployment rights for temporary 
          California Community College (CCC) faculty, based on specified 
          criteria.  Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Establishes findings and declarations regarding the numbers of 
            temporary faculty, the importance of a stable and 
            knowledgeable workforce, and the importance of a secure pool 
            of part-time faculty.  Finds the intent of this act is to 
            provide CCC with a pool of faculty that have proven to be 
            assets to the CCC and its students.    

          2)Requires, as of July 1, 2012, temporary faculty employed in a 
            CCC for at least four of the preceding eight semesters (or six 
            of the preceding 12 quarters) and whose last evaluation was 
            satisfactory to have the right of first refusal for an 
            assignment in that district which the faculty has performed in 
            the preceding eight semesters (or 12 quarters).  Establishes 
            that in cases where two or more temporary faculty members have 
            the same claim, the assignment shall be offered in order of 
            seniority.

          3)Provides that a temporary faculty member may be denied the 
            right of first refusal for just cause, requires the faculty 
            member to be notified in writing of the just cause, and 
            provides the faculty member due process rights to challenge 
            the denial.  Provides that "just cause" includes, but is not 
            limited to, giving the assignment to a more senior faculty 
            member, failure of a faculty member to timely request the 
            assignment if required by the district, or the decision not to 
            offer the assignment because of low enrollment, funding, or 
            program changes.

          4)Provides that the right of first refusal granted by this bill 
            shall not be construed as "reasonable assurance" of employment 
            for purposes of unemployment compensation eligibility between 
            academic terms.








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          5)Provides temporary faculty an entitlement to any greater 
            rights than those provided in this bill if provided in a 
            collective bargaining agreement or otherwise provided by a 
            district.  

           EXISTING LAW  expresses Legislative intent and makes Legislative 
          findings and declarations regarding temporary faculty, including 
          that, whenever possible, CCC temporary faculty be compensated 
          appropriately and extended certain professional privileges and 
          requires the issue of earning and retaining reappointment rights 
          for temporary faculty be a mandatory subject of negotiation with 
          respect to collective bargaining of new or successor contracts 
          between CCC districts and temporary faculty.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :   Background  :  For over 20 years, the Legislature has 
          considered various efforts to address the issue of CCC districts 
          hiring temporary (part-time) faculty members in lieu of 
          full-time faculty.  Hiring an instructor on a part-time basis 
          usually cost substantially less than a full-time faculty member, 
          and also provides the CCC flexibility in a time of rapid change. 
           While the issue remains a major area of debate, many believe 
          students are under-served by a lack of permanent faculty, who 
          are more accessible and may have more teaching expertise in core 
          curriculum.  Additionally, there are numerous equity concerns 
          surrounding temporary faculty.  Several studies on CCC temporary 
          faculty found that CCC districts pay temporary faculty 
          significantly less than full-time faculty performing the same 
          duties, and nearly half of temporary faculty reported not 
          receiving any type of benefits from their CCC district.  

           CCC district reemployment policies  :  AB 1245 (Alquist), Chapter 
          850, Statutes of 2001, required the issue of reappointment 
          rights for temporary faculty be a subject of negotiation during 
          collective bargaining and provided that reappointment rights may 
          be based on whatever factors are agreed to by both parties.  
          Many districts have established reappointment rights policies 
          under existing law.  These policies vary in specifics, and it is 
          unclear how many of these policies are in conflict with the 
          provisions of this bill.  For example, Grossmont-Cuyamaca 
          Community College District's (GCCCD) reemployment policy 
          provides course-specific reemployment preference.  At GCCCD, 
          once a temporary faculty member has taught a course eight times, 








                                                                  AB 852
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          that individual has the right to be offered that course 
          assignment prior to someone with less preference, no preference, 
          or a new hire.  This bill would establish a uniform practice 
          among CCC districts regarding reemployment rights, requiring 
          faculty assignment decisions be based primarily on seniority.
           
          Purpose of this bill  :  According to the author, the growing 
          trend in California is that full-time tenured faculty at CCC are 
          diminishing and being replaced by part-time temporary faculty.  
          California's 43,000 CCC part-time faculty members represent 
          nearly two-thirds of all CCC faculty, teaching 40% of the CCC 
          classes.  Yet, according to the California Federation of 
          Teachers, this temporary workforce is poorly compensated and 
          lacks basic supports and benefits.  The flexibility to negotiate 
          reemployment policies at each CCC district has resulted in 
          unfair and unreliable reemployment practices in some CCC 
          districts.  Additionally, many temporary faculty create 
          full-time teaching schedules through employment in two or more 
          CCC districts.  The various differences in reemployment policies 
          in these CCC districts make it difficult for temporary faculty 
          to plan their upcoming teaching schedules.  By establishing a 
          more uniform reemployment policy, this bill will ensure fair 
          reemployment practices that increase stability for temporary 
          faculty and the students they serve.

           Just cause for denial  :  This bill authorizes a CCC district to 
          deny the right of first refusal to a faculty member for "just 
          cause" which is defined in the bill to "include, but is not 
          limited to" issues surrounding seniority, failure of faculty to 
          request the assignment, or decisions not to offer the course.  
          The definition for "just cause" is open-ended but, according to 
          supporters, would likely include issues of faculty incompetency 
          as determined by an evaluation, questionable educational 
          credentials, accusations of misconduct, inability to follow 
          course outlines, or inability to turn in census or grades.  The 
          author may wish to consider requiring the CCC Chancellor's 
          Office to promulgate regulations surrounding appropriate 
          rationales for "just cause".

           Arguments in opposition  :  The Community College League of 
          California notes that many of California's 72 CCC districts have 
          collective bargaining agreements that include some form of 
          preference rights for temporary faculty, although may differ in 
          specifications, details, process, and how rights are earned.  
          The League argues that mandated terms for right of refusal as 








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          specified in this bill could be inconsistent with the number and 
          schedule of courses at each college, which vary depending on 
          programmatic and student educational needs, and fiscal 
          challenges faced by a college district.  The League argues that 
          implications of criteria could be especially difficult for 
          multiple college districts and small rural districts.            
              
           
          Technical amendment  :  A technical amendment is needed on page 2, 
          line 19 to reverse the order of the words "temporary" and 
          "faculty".  

           Prior Legislation  :  AB 1807 (Fong) of 2010, which was 
          substantially similar to this bill, was approved by this 
          Committee and subsequently held on the suspense file in the 
          Assembly Appropriations Committee.   

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Federation of Teachers (sponsor)
          Faculty Association of California Community Colleges (sponsor)

           Opposition 
           
          Community College League of California
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Laura Metune / HIGHER ED. / (916) 
          319-3960