BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 900
                                                                  Page  1


          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 900 (Swanson)
          As Amended  May 10, 2011
          Majority vote 

           EDUCATION           7-3         NATURAL RESOURCES   6-1         
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Brownley, Ammiano,        |Ayes:|Chesbro, Brownley,        |
          |     |Buchanan,                 |     |Dickinson,                |
          |     |Bonilla, Carter, Eng,     |     |Huffman, Monning, Skinner |
          |     |Williams                  |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Norby, Hagman, Halderman  |Nays:|Knight                    |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           APPROPRIATIONS      12-5                                        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Fuentes, Blumenfield,     |     |                          |
          |     |Bradford, Charles         |     |                          |
          |     |Calderon, Campos, Davis,  |     |                          |
          |     |Gatto, Hall, Hill, Lara,  |     |                          |
          |     |Mitchell, Solorio         |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Harkey, Donnelly,         |     |                          |
          |     |Nielsen, Norby, Wagner    |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :   Authorizes school districts to provide recycling and 
          composting bins on the campus of each public elementary and 
          secondary school.  Specifies that composting bins may be 
          provided to the extent to which a collection service is 
          available in the geographical area of the school, or if a school 
          is able to maintain a school garden or vermicompost.  Authorizes 
          school districts to determine the number of bins to be located 
          on a campus based on the size of the pupil population and the 
          surface area of that campus.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations 
          Committee, General Fund/Proposition 98 cost pressure, likely 
          between $150,000 and $300,000.  The costs will likely increase 








                                                                  AB 900
                                                                  Page  2


          depending on the number of bins each schoolsite needs.  There 
          are 9,878 schoolsites in the state.

           COMMENTS  :  According to the California Statewide Waste 
          Characterization Study (December, 1999), education, as an 
          industry, produces 763,917 tons of waste per year, comprised 
          predominantly of organic materials (food, leaves and grass) and 
          paper products.  School waste reduction programs can have 
          economic, environmental and educational benefits.  

          Current law expresses the intent of the Legislature that schools 
          contribute to the efforts to assist local governmental entities 
          in reducing waste reduction and meeting recycling mandates.  
          Current law encourages school districts to maintain recycling 
          programs and specifically, a paper recycling program in all 
          classrooms, administrative offices, and other school district 
          property.  School districts are also encouraged to purchase 
          recycled paper and eliminate the purchase of paper and paper 
          products that could be potential contaminants of the district's 
          recycling program.  Pursuant to statutory requirements, the 
          California's Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery 
          (CalRecycle), formerly the California Integrated Waste 
          Management Board (CIWMB), maintains on its Web site information 
          on school waste reduction and offers resources and information 
          on how school districts can initiate a wide range of waste 
          reduction and recycling efforts, including environmentally 
          friendly purchasing policies, paper reduction, food disposal, 
          textbook recycling, beverage container recycling, and green 
          school facilities. 

          In 2003, the CIWMB, pursuant to SB 373 (Torlakson), Chapter 926, 
          Statutes of 2001, conducted a survey of school districts to 
          assess their level of efforts in implementing waste reduction 
          programs.  Forty-two percent of school districts responded to 
          the survey, representing 55% of all schools.  The survey found 
          that "92% of districts appear to be participating in some level 
          of recycling programs.  Of the districts that reported 
          participating in recycling activities, the most commonly 
          recycled materials include:  aluminum cans, white paper, and 
          cardboard.  Based upon survey results, implementation of a 
          formalized district-wide recycling program appears to relate to 
          school district size.  A greater percentage of larger school 
          districts reported having the district coordinate district-wide 
          recycling activities as well as having a service contract for 








                                                                  AB 900
                                                                  Page  3


          collection of recyclables than reported by smaller districts."  
          The survey also indicated that 44% of school districts had some 
          type of composting program, with the most common type of 
          composting material being grass clippings, landscape trimmings 
          and garden trimmings.    

          This bill authorizes school districts to provide all elementary 
          and secondary schoolsites with recycling bins and composting 
          bins, to the extent feasible.  Maintaining recycling programs 
          entails more than just obtaining bins.  Depending on the type of 
          recycling (paper, beverage containers, glass, plastic, aluminum, 
          etc.), school districts will have to arrange for collection of 
          the recycled materials with various types of collection 
          agencies.  

          Composting is the process through which organic materials such 
          as leaves, grass and food scraps are decomposed into soil-like 
          material.  There are a variety of composting systems.  According 
          to the CalRecyle, food scraps composting is different than other 
          types of composting. "Food scraps can be heavier and contain 
          more putrescible material than yard trimmings and must be 
          handled appropriately.  To avoid odor or health and safety 
          concerns, it should be collected and composted in a timely and 
          efficient manner.  A frequent collection schedule must be 
          followed."  It is also important to ensure that nonacceptable 
          food scraps such as meat waste, fish waste, and dairy products 
          are kept out of composting bins.  These type of food waste 
          breakdown slowly and create an imbalance in the otherwise 
          nutrient-rich structure of other food and vegetation.  The 
          challenges for schools in maintaining a composting program 
          include locating the space that is required to compost material 
          or locating service providers for regular collection.  The City 
          of San Francisco has a mandatory composting law and provides 
          composting bins free to city residents.  The garbage collection 
          company collects composting material on a weekly basis and 
          transfers the material to food scrap compost facilities to 
          convert into compost.  According to the CalRecycle, only nine of 
          California's 58 counties have authorized facilities to accept 
          food scraps, although some of those companies may provide 
          service to neighboring counties.  Food scrap composting can also 
          be incorporated into a school garden program; however, not all 
          schools have gardens, especially urban schools where land is 
          scarce.  









                                                                  AB 900
                                                                 Page  4


          According to the author, this bill is a result of a "There Ought 
          to be A Law" contest held by Assembly Member Swanson.  This 
          proposal came from a student from Piedmont High School.  


          Analysis Prepared by  :    Sophia Kwong Kim / ED. / (916) 319-2087 



                                                                FN: 0000876