BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 921
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 4, 2011

                          ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE
                              Cathleen Galgiani, Chair
                     AB 921 (Allen) - As Amended:  April 25, 2011
           
          SUBJECT  :  Agriculture water use efficiency: compost 
          applications.

           SUMMARY  :  This bill requires the California Department of Food 
          and Agriculture (CDFA), in conjunction with the California 
          Department of Water Resources (DWR), to quantify water use 
          efficiency in relation to use of compost in agriculture (Ag).  
          Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires CDFA, in conjunction with DWR, to measure and monitor 
            increases in Ag water efficiencies resulting from the use of 
            compost.

          2)Requires CDFA to oversee a study or studies, through existing 
            programs and conducted by the University of California 
            Extension Service (Extension), in partnership with local water 
            districts, farmers, growers, and compost producers.

             a)   Requires the Extension's studies to measure increases in 
               Ag water use efficiency through the use of compost and 
               other potential benefits from using compost, as it relates 
               to climate change.

           EXISTING LAW  allows the Department of Resources Recycling and 
          Recovery to develop programs to increase the use of compost 
          products in agricultural applications. ÝPublic Resource Code 
          (PRC) section 42241.5]

          Defines compost as a product resulting from the controlled 
          biological decomposition of organic wastes that are source 
          separated from the municipal solid waste stream, or which are 
          separated at a centralized facility. "Compost" includes 
          vegetable, yard, and wood wastes which are not hazardous waste. 
          ÝPRC section 40116]

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  This bill has been keyed fiscal by Legislative 
          counsel. 

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, while there have been 








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          studies to measure effects of compost in Ag settings, these 
          studies have been limited and may have underestimated the 
          potential benefits of compost relative to water use efficiency.  
          The author states that additional field studies will provide a 
          better analysis of compost use in reducing water needs in Ag and 
          any benefits related to climate change.  This bill addresses the 
          desire for a more comprehensive examination of the use of 
          compost, as it relates to water conservation, by authorizing 
          CDFA to oversee studies on this issue. 

          According to the sponsor, this bill will identify the water 
          reduction benefits derived from compost use in Ag and help build 
          compost markets.  Supporters point out that the diversion of 
          organic waste from landfills and increased Ag use of compost has 
          been identified as crucial greenhouse gas reduction strategies.  
          Supporters state that the types of field studies this bill 
          requires will better reflect the real world of compost in Ag 
          settings. 

          The Climate Change Scoping Plan (scoping plan), developed by the 
          California Air Resources Board in response to AB 32 (Nunez), 
          Chapter 488, Statutes of 2006, proposes a set of actions 
          designed to reduce overall greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 
          California.  Part of the scoping plan includes reducing methane 
          emissions at landfills, by increasing waste diversion, 
          composting and other beneficial uses of organic materials, and 
          mandate commercial recycling.  The studies proposed by this bill 
          may help fulfill a portion of the scoping plans goals.

          Many studies have shown compost to aid in water conservation, 
          moisture retention in soil and mitigating some water runoff, 
          especially in the area of erosion control.  Other studies have 
          demonstrated that composting reduces GHG emissions from organics 
          due to the diversion of organics materials from landfills.  
          Currently, studies taking place in California examine the effect 
          of compost on GHG emissions in specific Ag commodities.  

          The committee may wish to consider, given the amount of 
          research, past and current, on the issue of compost and water 
          conservation, if CDFA's and DWR's resources would be better used 
          by reviewing of current scientific studies in order to evaluate 
          the benefits of compost and how this data may be applied to 
          current Ag practices.

          The committee may wish to consider, given the sponsor's 








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          statement that this bill "will help build compost markets," 
          along with the bill's other benefits, if it is appropriate 
          public policy for the state to sponsor studies that help a 
          specific industry. 

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Compost Coalition (Sponsor)
          California Refuse Recycling Council

           Opposition 
           
          None on file.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Victor Francovich / AGRI. / (916) 
          319-2084