BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 1116
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          Date of Hearing:   May 4, 2011

                   ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION
                                 Isadore Hall, Chair
                  AB 1116 (Fong) - As Introduced:  February 18, 2011
           
          SUBJECT  :   Emergency services: populations with limited English 
          proficiency.

           SUMMARY  :    Requires the California Emergency Management Agency 
          (Cal EMA) to take measures to help people with limited English 
          proficiency (LEP) prepare for emergencies and understand 
          information conveyed during emergencies, such as utilizing 
          bilingual persons in public contact positions, and coordinating 
          with organizations that represent the needs of LEP persons in 
          order to disseminate guidance to local and regional governmental 
          entities.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1) Provides that the Secretary of Cal EMA (Secretary) shall take 
          into consideration the multiple languages and the needs of 
          populations with LEP during emergency preparedness planning,     
                response, and recovery, including when developing 
          committee recommendations within the Standardized Emergency 
          Management System (SEMS) structure, drafting guidance for local 
          and regional governmental entities, and reviewing emergency 
          plans of state, regional, and local governmental entities.

          2) Provides that the Secretary shall work in collaboration with 
          local ethnic community-based organizations and ethnic media 
          outlets in developing communication strategies so that alert     
                 and warning information can be more broadly sent out to 
          LEP communities.

          3) Specifies that the Secretary shall utilize a registry of 
          qualified bilingual persons in public contract positions, as 
          defined, to assist with emergency preparedness, response, and 
          recovery, as deemed necessary.

          4) Provides that the Secretary shall incorporate the needs of 
          populations with LEP in all emergency preparedness, response, 
          and recovery training and exercises, including the exercises     
                 identified in the statewide exercise strategy and other 
          exercises related to crisis communications.

          5) Makes legislative findings and declarations.








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           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)  Requires, under the California Emergency Services Act, Cal 
          EMA to coordinate the emergency services of all state agencies 
          in connection with emergencies; and, to establish a standardized 
          emergency management system for use by all emergency response 
          agencies.  Cal EMA is responsible for assuring the state's 
          readiness to respond to and recover from the effects of 
          emergencies that threaten lives, property, and the environment.  
          Cal EMA assists local governments and state agencies in 
          developing their emergency preparedness, response,           
          recovery, and mitigation plans, in accordance with the State 
          Emergency Plan.

          2) Provides that the Secretary is responsible for coordinating 
          the emergency activities of all state agencies in connection 
          with a state emergency.

          3) Requires the Secretary to appoint representatives of the 
          disabled community to serve on SEMS committees.  Requires the 
          Secretary to ensure that all SEMS committee recommendations      
               regarding preparedness, planning, and procedures relating 
          to emergencies include the needs of people with disabilities.

          4) Establishes the Emergency Council to act as an advisory body 
          to the Governor in times of emergency and on matters of 
          emergency preparedness.  Requires the Emergency Council to       
              publish a biennial report on the state of emergency 
          preparedness for catastrophic disasters.  Requires the report to 
          include information from the after action analysis of disasters 
          in the preceding two years, research directed by the Emergency 
          Council, and surveys of local and state emergency response 
          agencies.  Requires the report to also include a summary of 
          strategic actions necessary to address identified gaps in 
          emergency preparedness and an evaluation of previous           
          efforts to close gaps identified in previous reports, audits, 
          and independent analyses.

          5) Requires Cal EMA to develop model guidelines for local 
          government agencies and community-based organizations planning 
          to develop a disaster registry program.  Specifies that          
           adoption of the model guidelines is voluntary.  Requires the 
          guidelines to: 









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               a)   Specify the intent of the registry is to encourage 
          that those registered will receive a phone call or visit from 
          neighborhood disaster volunteers as soon as possible after the 
          disaster;

                      b)   Establish a list of person eligible for the 
          registry, including disabled person (including persons with 
          developmental disabilities), the elderly, those for whom English 
          is not a first language, long-term health care facilities, 
          residential community care facilities, and residential care 
          facilities for the elderly;

                      c)   Contain a statement specifying that the party 
          responsible for responding to those registered will not be held 
          liable for not responding; and,

                      d)   Contain a plan for ensuring that hard data is 
          available if computers shut down.

          6) Defines a "bilingual person" as a person who is proficient in 
          both the English language and the foreign language to be used. 

          7)  Defines a "sufficient number of qualified bilingual persons 
          in public contact positions" as the number required to provide 
          the same level of services to non-English-speaking persons as is 
          available to English-speaking persons seeking services.
           
          FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown.

           COMMENTS  :   

          According to the author, California has long been prone to 
          disasters, and emergency preparedness planning at the state and 
          local levels is crucial for ensuring our state is equipped to 
          recover from any disaster situation.  California has 
          approximately 36 million inhabitants, and over 40% speak a 
          language other than English.  Emergency Responders are faced 
          with extraordinary language diversities.  To ensure emergency 
          preparedness in any disaster, communication with the public is 
          essential for conveying important safety instructions and 
          procedures.  But this is a challenging task to perform in 
          California, because the current system does not address the 
          problem of language barriers.

          A series of disasters that struck close to home were the 








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          wildfires in southern California.  They struck parts of 
          communities having a significant population of individuals with 
          limited English proficiency, endangering the lives of 300,000 
          such individuals. News reports brought to light the frustration 
          and confusion during evacuations between individuals with 
          limited understanding of English and emergency responders.    

          Another devastating natural disaster to limited English speakers 
          was Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans, Louisiana.  Evacuation 
          notices sent out during Hurricane Katrina were only provided in 
          English, which could not have helped the city since it has a 
          sizeable immigrant and refugee population speaking little to no 
          English.  For example, the U.S. Congressional testimony 
          highlighted the story of a Vietnamese man from Mississippi. He 
          spent five days in a wrecked fishing boat and was nearly killed, 
          because he did not understand the evacuation orders issued prior 
          to Hurricane Katrina. 

          The author states, before another disaster strikes California, 
          our state and local agencies must prepare to accommodate 
          communication for large numbers of individuals with limited 
          understanding of English.  AB 1116 is a cost-effective measure 
          that builds upon our existing emergency preparedness system to 
          respond to the needs of these individuals.  This is a vital 
          addition to California's emergency services procedures that will 
          save lives and minimize injuries and damages through a 
          coordinated communication effort of the responders with the 
          victims.   

           Disaster preparedness report  : The Tomas Rivera Policy Institute 
          and Asian Pacific American Legal Center worked together to 
          release a report in June 2008, that examines how communities     
          with large populations with LEP immigrants would fare in the 
          face of a natural disaster striking Southern California.  After 
          conducting interviews with emergency service personnel, both in  
                 local governments and in non-profit organizations, and 
          holding focus groups with LEP community members in their 
          languages, they came away with the several findings:

          1) Both county and city government agencies and nonprofit relief 
          organizations, for the most part, are not providing culturally 
          sensitive disaster preparedness education in languages that      
              reflect the demographics of the populations being served.

          2) Currently, there are no tools in place to provide immediate 








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          translation of all emergency information in a rapid manner to 
          LEP populations in Southern California.

          3) First responders rely on bilingual family members, often 
          children, to provide translation for officers, deputies, fire 
          personnel, etc.

          4) Latino, Chinese, and Vietnamese focus group participants 
          named their respective native language radio stations as the 
          first place they turn to for emergency information, highlighting 
          the           importance of these ethnic media outlets as a tool 
          for communication.

          5) All first response personnel interviewed stated that 
          immigration status is not considered when providing disaster 
          services, but none of the agencies interviewed had in place 
          mechanisms by which to reassure the public that immigration 
          status is not asked during disaster response.
                     
           Integrating Emergency Services  :  Little Hoover Commission issued 
          a report in 2006, titled "Preparing for Catastrophic Events" 
          that charged California for not being prepared to respond to a 
          catastrophic emergency.  Since then, the Governor's Office of 
          Emergency Services has worked with the Office of Homeland 
          Security and, together, they have taken steps to improve the     
             performance in the area of emergency preparedness through 
          their Golden Guardian exercises.  In 2007, legislation required 
          the Office of Emergency Services to merge with the Office of     
              Homeland Security to become the Cal EMA ƯAB 38 (Nava), 
          Chapter 372, Statutes of 2008].  Even with the recent 
          improvements, the Little Hoover Commission 2006 report indicates 
          that our state and local agencies must be prepared to 
          accommodate communication for large numbers of LEP individuals.  
          This bill seeks to build on our existing emergency preparedness 
          system to respond to this particular need.

           Prior legislation  :

          AB 611 (Fong), 2009-2010 Legislative Session.  Would have 
          required Cal EMA to take measures to help people with LEP 
          prepare for emergencies and understand information conveyed 
          during emergencies, such as utilizing bilingual persons in 
          public contact positions, and coordinating with organizations 
          that represent the needs of LEP persons in order to disseminate 
          guidance to local and regional governmental entities.  (Vetoed 








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          by Governor)

          AB 1930 (Torrico), 2007-2008 Legislative Session.  Would have 
          required OES to take measures to help people with LEP prepare 
          for emergencies and understand information conveyed during 
          emergencies, such as utilizing persons in public contact 
          positions, and coordinating with organizations that represent 
          the needs of LEP persons in order to disseminate guidance to 
          local and regional governmental entities.  (Held in Senate 
          Appropriations Committee)

          AB 615 (Torrico), 2007-2008 Legislative Session.  Would have 
          required OES to consider the needs of people with LEP in 
          creating emergency and disaster response plans.  (Held in 
          Assembly Appropriations Committee)

          AB 103 (Cohn), Chapter 696, Statutes of 2006.  Requires the 
          State Department of Education to electronically distribute 
          disaster preparedness educational materials and lesson plans 
          that are currently available to local school districts and 
          county offices of education in at least the three most dominant 
          primary languages spoken by English learners in California.  
          Requires the Department of Education to coordinate with the 
          Office of Emergency Services to make sure that all materials are 
          reviewed and updated, annually.

          SB 1451 (Kehoe), Chapter 600, Statutes of 2006.  Requires OES to 
          ensure that members of the disabled community are represented on 
          all pertinent SEMS Specialist Committees to ensure that the 
          needs of people with disabilities are met during emergency and 
          disaster situations.  Requires OES to submit a report to the 
          Legislature and appropriate state and local agencies by January 
          1, 2009 containing recommendations regarding emergency 
          preparedness and the needs of people with disabilities.  
          Requires OES to prepare and disseminate sample brochures and 
          other materials on the emergency preparedness and evacuations 
          needs of the disabled community.  Requires OES and the Office of 
          the State Fire Marshal to seek research funding in order to 
          develop new technologies and information systems that will in 
          the effort to improve emergency services to people with 
          disabilities.

          SB 546 (Dutton), Chapter 232, Statutes of 2005.  Authorizes OES 
          to share facilities and systems with private businesses and 
          nonprofit organizations in a voluntary program that integrates 








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          private sector emergency preparedness measures into governmental 
          disaster planning programs to the extent that the cost of the 
          program is reimbursed by the private sector.
                    
           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          American Civil Liberties Union of California
          Asian Americans for Civil Rights and Equality
          Asian Health Services
          California Academy of Family Physicians
          California Communities United Institute
          California Language Teachers Association
          California Pan-Ethnic Health Network
          Little Hoover Commission
          Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund


           Opposition 
           
          None on file
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Eric Johnson / G. O. / (916) 319-2531