BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 1810
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 17, 2012

              ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS, PROFESSIONS AND CONSUMER 
                                     PROTECTION
                                 Mary Hayashi, Chair
                    AB 1810 (Norby) - As Amended:  March 26, 2012
           
          SUBJECT  :   Custom upholsterers.

           SUMMARY  :   Eliminates licensure and regulation of custom 
          upholsterers.   Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Repeals current law requiring every custom upholsterer, unless 
            he or she holds a furniture and bedding manufacturer's 
            license, to hold a custom upholsterer's license.

          2)Eliminates provisions making it unlawful for a person to 
            advertise, solicit, or contract to manufacture, repair, or 
            renovate upholstered furniture, as specified, without 
            obtaining the particular license required for the particular 
            type of work that is advertised or solicited from the Bureau 
            of Electronic and Appliance Repair, Home Furnishings, and 
            Thermal Insulation (BEARHFTI) within the Department of 
            Consumer Affairs (DCA).

          3)Deletes current law requiring a person who advertises, 
            solicits, or contracts to repair or renovate upholstered 
            furniture and who does not do the work himself or herself or 
            have it done by employees but has the work done by a custom 
            upholsterer to obtain a license as a retail furniture dealer.

           EXISTING LAW  

          1)Provides for the licensure and regulation of various 
            manufacturers, sellers, upholsterers, and sanitizers of home 
            furnishings, such as furniture and bedding, under the Home 
            Furnishings and Thermal Insulation Act (HFTI Act).

          2)Provides for the BEARHFTI within DCA to administer the HFTI 
            Act and enforce other regulations required by the HFTI Act, 
            such as health and safety standards, product labeling 
            requirements, and truth in advertising laws.

          3)Provides for the licensing and inspection of businesses that 
            manufacture and sell upholstered furniture, bedding and 








                                                                  AB 1810
                                                                  Page  2

            thermal insulation, and requires all mattresses and box 
            springs manufactured for sale in this state to be fire 
            retardant, as defined to meet the federal standards for 
            resistance to open-flame test, and authorizes the BEARHFTI to 
            adopt regulations to implement those standards.

          4)Requires other bedding products to comply with regulations 
            adopted by the BEARHFTI specifying that those products be 
            resistant to open-flame ignition, and requires all seating 
            furniture to be fire retardant and labeled as specified.

          5)Requires all flexible polyurethane foam, except as specified, 
            that is offered for retail sale to be fire retardant, and 
            defines fire retardant to mean a product that meets the 
            regulations adopted by the BEARHFTI.

          6)Authorizes the BEARHFTI, subject to the approval of the 
            Director of DCA, to exempt items of upholstered furniture 
            which are deemed not to pose a serious fire hazard from fire 
            retardant requirements.

          7)Under BEARHFTI regulations, establish flame retardant tests 
            for the filling materials of residential upholstered 
            furniture.  Specifically, BEARHFTI regulations require filling 
            materials labeled as ''flame resistant'' or ''flame 
            retardant'' to be tested and meet the requirements of 
            Technical Bulletin 117.

          8)Requires every custom upholsterer, unless he or she holds a 
            furniture and bedding manufacturer's license, to hold a custom 
            upholsterer's license.

          9)Makes it unlawful for a person to advertise, solicit, or 
            contract to manufacture, repair, or renovate upholstered 
            furniture, as specified, without obtaining a custom 
            upholsterer's license from the BEARHFTI.

          10)Requires a person who advertises, solicits, or contracts to 
            repair or renovate upholstered furniture and who does not do 
            the work himself or herself or have it done by employees but 
            has the work done by a custom upholsterer to obtain a license 
            as a retail furniture dealer.

          11)Defines "custom upholsterer" to mean a person who, either by 
            himself or herself or through employees or agents, repairs, 








                                                                  AB 1810
                                                                  Page  3

            reupholsters, re-covers, restores, or renews upholstered 
            furniture, or who makes to order and specification of the user 
            any article of upholstered furniture, using either new 
            materials or owner's materials.

          12)Defines "upholstered furniture" to mean any furniture, 
            including children's furniture, movable or stationary, which 
            is made or sold with cushions or pillows, loose or attached, 
            or is itself stuffed or filled in whole or in part with any 
            material, is or can be stuffed or filled in whole or in part 
            with any substance or material, hidden or concealed by fabric 
            or any other covering, including cushions or pillows belonging 
            to or forming a part thereof, together with the structural 
            units, the filling material and its container and its covering 
            which can be used as a support for the body of a human being, 
            or his or her limbs and feet when sitting or resting in an 
            upright or reclining position. This does not include furniture 
            used exclusively for the purpose of physical fitness and 
            exercise.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :   

           Purpose of this bill  .  According to the author, "Not all 
          licensed occupations have the need to be licensed, there are 
          certain occupations and professions where the need for a license 
          really doesn't benefit that particular occupation, profession, 
          or licensee for that matter and only serves as an impediment to 
          engage in a lawful profession or occupation.  Some of the 
          occupations that actually require licensing, in fact, do not 
          need a license at all.

          "Licensing is also detrimental to most of the small businesses 
          that have to apply and re-register in order to go through the 
          licensing process because of the fee they must pay.  Whether it 
          be an annual, bi-annual or any other sort of fee, this sets the 
          small business back on an expensive and unnecessary fee used to 
          pay for the new license.

          "AB 1810 will repeal the need for a license for people who want 
          to engage in the profession of 'custom upholstery.'  It is 
          unnecessary to require 'custom upholsterers' to have a license 
          to practice their profession because there is not health or 
          public safety issues involved; it is an unnecessary regulation."








                                                                  AB 1810
                                                                  Page  4


           Background  .  The BEARHFTI enforces the HFTI Act, which protects 
          consumers of upholstered furniture, bedding, and thermal 
          insulation.  BEARHFTI's mission is to protect and serve 
          consumers while ensuring a competent and fair marketplace.

          A fundamental requirement of the HFTI Act is the licensing and 
          inspection of businesses that manufacture and sell upholstered 
          furniture, bedding and thermal insulation.  The BEARHFTI also 
          enforces other regulations required by the Act, such as health 
          and safety standards, product labeling requirements and truth in 
          advertising laws.  The BEARHFTI enforces safety standards by 
          testing products at its laboratory in North Highlands, 
          California.

          The BEARHFTI enforces Technical Bulletin 117, which requires 
          upholstered furniture sold to California consumers to be flame 
          resistant.  Upholstered furniture that meets the standard is 
          less likely to ignite rapidly, and, if ignited, is less likely 
          to burn quickly or sustain burning.

          The BEARHFTI enforces a more stringent mandatory flammability 
          standard for upholstered furniture used in public occupancies 
          such as hospitals, hotels, prisons, theaters and dormitories. 
          The standard provides an additional measure of safety in crowded 
          spaces.  The BEARHFTI developed an open-flame standard for 
          mattresses used in public occupancies that has been widely 
          adopted by fire code authorities and public agencies, both in 
          California and nationally. 

          The BEARHFTI reports there are 504 licensed custom upholsters in 
          California, who pay a license fee of $360 every two years.  

          This bill eliminates all licensing and regulation of custom 
          upholsterers under the BEARHFTI, thereby eliminating all 
          consumer protections for those who use the services of custom 
          upholsterers.  Given the state's stringent safety standards for 
          upholstered furniture, which are designed to protect consumers 
          from accidental fire and resulting injury or death, it isn't 
          clear what benefit would result from deregulating this sector of 
          the industry.  On the contrary, if this bill were to go into 
          effect, there would be no enforcement mechanism for the consumer 
          or BEARHFTI in the event that a custom upholsterer violates the 
          state's safety standards for upholstered furniture.  In 
          addition, de-regulating this particular segment of the industry 








                                                                  AB 1810
                                                                  Page  5

          could create an unfair playing field for the remaining licensing 
          categories under the BEARHFTI who would continue to be subject 
          to licensure.

           Previous legislation  .

          SB 147 (Leno) of 2011 requires the BEARHFTI, on or before March 
          1, 2013, to modify Technical Bulletin 117 regarding product 
          standards for fire retardant furniture to include a smolder 
          flammability test to provide an alternative method of compliance 
          that can be met without the use of chemical fire retardants and 
          does not compromise fire safety; requires the Bureau, in 
          developing the smolder flammability test, to consider the draft 
          smolder standard proposed by the federal Consumer Product Safety 
          Commission, to take into consideration the cost to manufacturers 
          and consumers, and amend existing label specifications to 
          identify any products meeting that adopted standard.  The bill 
          further authorizes the Bureau Chief to additionally exempt 
          polyurethane foam from the fire retardant requirements, as 
          specified.  This bill was held in Senate Business, Professions 
          and Economic Development Committee.

          SB 772 (Leno) of 2009, would have exempted "juvenile products," 
          as defined, from the fire retardant requirements pursuant to 
          federal law and the regulations of the Bureau of Home 
          Furnishings and Thermal Insulation, except that the Bureau could 
          have, by regulation, modifed this exemption if the Bureau 
          determined that any juvenile products posed a serious fire 
          hazard.  This bill was held in Assembly Appropriations 
          Committee.

           Double-referral  .  This bill is double-referred to the Assembly 
          Judiciary Committee.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          None on file.

           Opposition 
           
          None on file.
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Angela Mapp / B.,P. & C.P. / (916) 








                                                                  AB 1810
                                                                  Page  6

          319-3301