BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 2035
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 2035 (Bradford)
          As Amended  April 16, 2012
          Majority vote 

           HUMAN SERVICES      5-0         APPROPRIATIONS      16-0        
           
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          |Ayes:|Beall, Jones, Wagner,     |Ayes:|Fuentes, Blumenfield,     |
          |     |Hall, Portantino          |     |Bradford, Charles         |
          |     |                          |     |Calderon, Campos, Davis,  |
          |     |                          |     |Donnelly, Gatto, Hall,    |
          |     |                          |     |Hill, Lara, Mitchell,     |
          |     |                          |     |Nielsen, Norby, Solorio,  |
          |     |                          |     |Wagner                    |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Protects recipients of benefits through the electronic 
          benefits transfer (EBT) system from a loss of benefits through 
          the practice of skimming, as defined.  Specifically,  this bill  :  


          1)States legislative findings and declarations, including the 
            following:

             a)   State law provides relief for parents and recipients 
               under the California Work Opportunity and Responsibility 
               for Kids program (CalWORKs) to restore their benefits when 
               stolen but not when benefits are received via an EBT card 
               and the benefits have been stolen through the practice of 
               skimming;

             b)   Recipients of CalWORKs basic needs grants are vulnerable 
               to electronic crimes; and, 

             c)   The Legislature intends to address the problem of 
               electronic theft of public benefits at issue in the Los 
               Angeles Superior Court case, Carpio v. Lightbourne, Los 
               Angeles Superior Court, Case No. BS135127.

          2)Defines "skimming" as "a form of theft by which a recipient's 
            EBT account information or 'PIN' number, or both, are accessed 
            by an unauthorized person who uses that information to 








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            unlawfully remove funds from the recipient's account."

          3)Provides that a recipient shall not incur any loss of 
            electronic benefits through skimming, and requires prompt 
            replacement through procedures in existing law related to 
            replacement of public assistance warrants that have been lost, 
            stolen, destroyed, or lost in the mail.

          4)Requires the Department of Social Services (DSS) to establish 
            a protocol for recipients to report skimming that minimizes 
            the burden on recipients and ensures prompt payment of lost 
            benefits.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Establishes, under the California Electronic Benefits Transfer 
            Act an EBT system that automates the delivery, redemption, and 
            reconciliation of issued public assistance benefits, including 
            CalFresh benefits, California Food Assistance Program 
            benefits, and cash aid benefits (Welfare & Institutions (W&I) 
            Code Section 10065 et seq.).

          2)Provides that a recipient shall not incur any loss of 
            electronic benefits after reporting that his or her EBT card 
            or personal identification number (PIN) has been lost or 
            stolen, and provides for the prompt replacement of lost or 
            stolen EBT cards and PINs.

          3)Establishes procedures for replacement by the county of a 
            public assistance warrant that has been lost, stolen, 
            destroyed, or lost in the mail (Government Code Section 
            29853.5).

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations 
          Committee, unknown workload costs, likely less than $100,000 for 
          one limited-term staff person to develop the appropriate 
          protocol.

           COMMENTS  :  Food benefits through California's CalFresh program 
          are distributed through an EBT system, which is governed by the 
          California Electronic Benefits Transfer Act.  The EBT system 
          replaced the former benefit distribution system, which relied on 
          traditional paper warrants to deliver benefits to recipients.  
          Under the EBT system, benefits are stored in a central computer 








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          database.  Recipients access their electronically-stored 
          benefits at point-of-sale terminals, ATMs, and other electronic 
          funds transfer devices, using plastic cards with magnetic 
          stripes similar to debit cards.  DSS has adopted regulations to 
          deliver benefits under CalFresh (Manual of Policies and 
          Procedures (MPP) Section 16-001.2).  Counties may also use EBT 
          systems to distribute cash benefits under other programs, such 
          as CalWORKs or General Assistance (MPP Section 16-001.3).  All 
          58 California counties use the EBT system to deliver either 
          CalWORKs or General Assistance benefits or both.  One of the 
          primary purposes of the EBT system, as stated in the EBT Act, is 
          "to afford public social services recipients the opportunity to 
          better and more securely manage their financial affairs" (W&I 
          Code Section 10065(b)).

          The sponsor of this bill, the Western Center on Law & Poverty, 
          points out that "Ýt]he impact of theft on CalWORKs families can 
          be devastating if not resolved quickly and with as little burden 
          on the victim as possible."  According to the author, "Ýa]n 
          emerging form of thievery, referred to as 'skimming,' allows 
          thieves to acquire account numbers and PIN numbers of electronic 
          cards, including EBT cards, without the card owner ever losing 
          possession of the card or PIN or knowing they have become 
          victims until they discover the money is gone."

          In December 2011, a petition for writ of mandate was filed in 
          Los Angeles County Superior Court alleging that county welfare 
          departments deny replacement of benefits to recipients whose 
          benefits are stolen electronically, without physical theft of 
          their EBT cards or PINs.  Carpio v. Lightbourne, Los Angeles 
          Superior Court, Case No. BS135127.  While Ms. Carpio's benefits 
          were eventually restored-after two years of appeals-the lawsuit 
          alleges that counties still deny restoration of benefits lost 
          through electronic means.  As noted in the legislative findings 
          and declarations, this bill is intended to address the issue 
          raised in Carpio, and clarify that loss of benefits through 
          electronic theft (skimming) is also protected.

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Eric Gelber / HUM. S. / (916) 319-2089 


                                                                FN: 0003413









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