BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                AB 2035
                                                                Page  1

        CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
        AB 2035 (Bradford)
        As Amended  August 21, 2012
        Majority vote
         
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        |ASSEMBLY:  |73-0 |(April 30,      |SENATE: |37-0 |(August 23,    |
        |           |     |2012)           |        |     |2012)          |
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         Original Committee Reference:   HUM. S.  

         SUMMARY  :  Protects recipients of benefits through the electronic 
        benefits transfer (EBT) system from a loss of benefits through the 
        practice of skimming, as defined.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

        1)States legislative findings and declarations, including the 
          following:

           a)   State law provides relief for parents and recipients under 
             the California Work Opportunity and Responsibility for Kids 
             program (CalWORKs) to restore their benefits when stolen but 
             not when benefits are received via an EBT card and the benefits 
             have been stolen through the practice of skimming;

           b)   Recipients of CalWORKs basic needs grants are vulnerable to 
             electronic crimes; and, 

           c)   The Legislature intends to address the problem of electronic 
             theft of public benefits at issue in the Los Angeles Superior 
             Court case, Carpio v. Lightbourne, Los Angeles Superior Court, 
             Case No. BS135127.

        2)Provides that a recipient shall not incur any loss of electronic 
          benefits through skimming, and requires prompt replacement through 
          procedures in existing law related to replacement of public 
          assistance warrants that have been lost, stolen, destroyed, or 
          lost in the mail.

        3)Requires the Department of Social Services (DSS) to establish a 
          protocol for recipients to report skimming that minimizes the 
          burden on recipients and ensures prompt payment of lost benefits, 
          including the automatic replacement of benefits without the need 
          of the recipient to report or verify the theft. 









                                                                AB 2035
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         The Senate amendments  :

        1)Remove the proposed definition of "skimming" and replaces with 
          references to the electronic theft of cash benefits for purposes 
          of determining whether the recipient should have their benefits 
          replaced. 

        2)Allow DSS to develop a protocol to automatically replace the theft 
          of benefits to a CalWORKs recipient without the recipient having 
          to report or verify the theft. 

         EXISTING LAW  :

        1)Establishes, under the California Electronic Benefits Transfer Act 
          an EBT system that automates the delivery, redemption, and 
          reconciliation of issued public assistance benefits, including 
          CalFresh benefits, California Food Assistance Program benefits, 
          and cash aid benefits (Welfare & Institutions (W&I) Code Section 
          10065 et seq.).

        2)Provides that a recipient shall not incur any loss of electronic 
          benefits after reporting that his or her EBT card or personal 
          identification number (PIN) has been lost or stolen, and provides 
          for the prompt replacement of lost or stolen EBT cards and PINs.

        3)Establishes procedures for replacement by the county of a public 
          assistance warrant that has been lost, stolen, destroyed, or lost 
          in the mail (Government Code Section 29853.5).

         AS PASSED BY THE ASSEMBLY,  required DSS to develop a protocol for 
        identifying and addressing the electronic theft of CalWORKs EBT 
        benefits and defined "skimming" as a form of theft by which a 
        person's EBT account information is accessed and used for unlawful 
        purposes. 

         FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee, 
        unknown workload costs, likely less than $100,000 for one 
        limited-term staff person to develop the appropriate protocol.

         COMMENTS  :  Food benefits through California's CalFresh program are 
        distributed through an EBT system, which is governed by the 
        California Electronic Benefits Transfer Act.  The EBT system 
        replaced the former benefit distribution system, which relied on 
        traditional paper warrants to deliver benefits to recipients.  Under 
        the EBT system, benefits are stored in a central computer database.  








                                                                AB 2035
                                                                Page  3

        Recipients access their electronically-stored benefits at 
        point-of-sale terminals, ATMs, and other electronic funds transfer 
        devices, using plastic cards with magnetic stripes similar to debit 
        cards.  DSS has adopted regulations to deliver benefits under 
        CalFresh (Manual of Policies and Procedures (MPP) Section 16-001.2). 
         Counties may also use EBT systems to distribute cash benefits under 
        other programs, such as CalWORKs or General Assistance (MPP Section 
        16-001.3).  All 58 California counties use the EBT system to deliver 
        either CalWORKs or General Assistance benefits or both.  One of the 
        primary purposes of the EBT system, as stated in the EBT Act, is "to 
        afford public social services recipients the opportunity to better 
        and more securely manage their financial affairs" (W&I Code Section 
        10065(b)).

        The sponsor of this bill, the Western Center on Law & Poverty, 
        points out that "Ýt]he impact of theft on CalWORKs families can be 
        devastating if not resolved quickly and with as little burden on the 
        victim as possible."  According to the author, "Ýa]n emerging form 
        of thievery, referred to as 'skimming,' allows thieves to acquire 
        account numbers and PIN numbers of electronic cards, including EBT 
        cards, without the card owner ever losing possession of the card or 
        PIN or knowing they have become victims until they discover the 
        money is gone."

        In December 2011, a petition for writ of mandate was filed in Los 
        Angeles County Superior Court alleging that county welfare 
        departments deny replacement of benefits to recipients whose 
        benefits are stolen electronically, without physical theft of their 
        EBT cards or PINs.  Carpio v. Lightbourne, Los Angeles Superior 
        Court, Case No. BS135127.  While Ms. Carpio's benefits were 
        eventually restored-after two years of appeals-the lawsuit alleges 
        that counties still deny restoration of benefits lost through 
        electronic means.  As noted in the legislative findings and 
        declarations, this bill is intended to address the issue raised in 
        Carpio, and clarify that loss of benefits through electronic theft 
        (skimming) is also protected.

         
        Analysis Prepared by  :    Chris Reefe / HUM. S. / (916) 319-2089 
        FN: 0005425