BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: SB 333
          SENATOR MARK DESAULNIER, CHAIRMAN              AUTHOR:  La Malfa
                                                         VERSION: 4/25/11
          Analysis by:  Carrie Cornwell                  FISCAL:  NO
          Hearing date:  April 26, 2011



          SUBJECT:

          Speed limits

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill allows, until January 1, 2016, a person to drive a 
          large truck or a vehicle pulling a trailer at up to 65 miles per 
          hour on a specified section of Interstate 5 (I-5) in northern 
          California.

          ANALYSIS:

          Existing law generally sets a maximum speed limit of 65 miles 
          per hour (MPH) on freeways.  In some instances, however, it 
          allows the Department of Transportation (Caltrans), with the 
          approval of the California Highway Patrol (CHP), to post a speed 
          limit of 70 MPH when Caltrans determines that a 70 MPH speed 
          limit would facilitate the orderly movement of vehicular traffic 
          and would be reasonable and safe.  Caltrans has used this 
          authority to post a speed limit of 70 MPH on certain sections of 
          I-5, including most of the 120-mile section from Woodland, which 
          is 20 miles east of Sacramento, to Cottonwood, which is about 15 
          miles south of Redding.

          Existing law also prohibits a person from driving the following 
          vehicles at speeds in excess of 55 MPH on any roadway:

                 A motor truck or truck tractor having three or more 
               axles, including when such a vehicle is pulling a trailer.
                 A passenger vehicle or bus pulling another vehicle.
                 A school bus transporting any school pupil.
                 A farm labor vehicle when transporting passengers.
                 Any vehicle transporting explosives.
          
           This bill  

             1.   Permits, until January 1, 2016, a person driving a motor 




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               truck or truck tractor having three or more axles or any 
               motor vehicle pulling a trailer to drive at a speed of up 
               to five MPH less than the posted speed limit on I-5 north 
               of Woodland and south of Cottonwood (i.e., at 65 MPH).

             2.   Requires, by December 31, 2015, Caltrans and CHP to 
               report to the Legislature on the traffic flow and traffic 
               safety effects of this change in law.
          

          COMMENTS:

           1.Purpose  .  The author introduced this bill in response to 
            complaints about truck traffic causing congestion along I-5 in 
            northern California.  The posted speed limit on the section of 
            I-5 that this bill covers is currently 70 MPH, but trucks are 
            restricted to 55 MPH.  When one truck passes another or merges 
            for any reason into the left lane of this two- lane freeway, 
            vehicles caught behind the truck must slow to 55 MPH.  The 
            author believes that truck traffic would not be an issue if 
            trucks were allowed to drive at a speed closer to the speed of 
            other vehicular traffic, rather than 55 MPH.  This bill would 
            result in a speed limit of 65 MPH for trucks and vehicles 
            pulling trailers on this stretch of I-5.  The author included 
            the 2016 sunset date to provide an opportunity to determine if 
            I-5 traffic flow does improve as a result of increased speed 
            limits for trucks and cars with trailers.

           2.Safety concerns  .  As truck speeds increase truck-related 
            traffic collisions can also increase due to the greater 
            stopping distances required for higher speeds, leading to 
            increased injuries and fatalities.  CHP notes that currently 
            the stopping distance for a fully loaded tractor-trailer 
            (80,000 pounds) traveling at 55 MPH is 323 feet.  At 60 MPH 
            this distance increases to 372 feet, and at 65 MPH, the speed 
            allowed under this bill, the stopping distance is 425 feet, or 
            102 feet farther than if the tractor-trailer were traveling at 
            55 MPH, the speed limit set in existing law.

            CHP reports that between 2005 and 2009, unsafe speed was one 
            of the most frequently reported primary collision factors in 
            truck-related collisions on I-5 in the four counties (Yolo, 
            Colusa, Glenn, and Tehama) that this bill covers.  In these 
            collisions, trucks were found at fault 43 percent of the time. 
             While this shows that other vehicles are mainly at-fault, 
            trucks accounted for less than a quarter of all traffic on 




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            this stretch of freeway, according to Caltrans data.  It could 
            be argued, therefore, that allowing large trucks and vehicles 
            with trailers to travel at 65 MPH on this section of I-5 would 
            exacerbate the number and severity of these collisions.

            Still, it is often argued that variations in vehicle speeds on 
            a roadway causes accidents.  Under existing speed limits, 
            trucks are limited to 55 MPH and cars can go 70 MPH, resulting 
            in substantially different speeds and perhaps causing some of 
            the truck-related collisions noted above.  This bill would 
            narrow the speed differential between cars and trucks to five 
            MPH.

           3.Technical amendments  .  

                 On page 2, line 15, strike "December" and insert "March"
                 On page 3, line 13, strike "Shasta" and insert "Tehama, 
               Glenn, Colusa" 

          
          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the Committee before noon on 
          Wednesday,                                             April 20, 
          2011)

               SUPPORT:  None received.
          

               OPPOSED:  None received.