BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  SB 1002|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1002
          Author:   Yee (D)
          Amended:  5/29/12
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  3-0, 4/17/12
          AYES:  Evans, Corbett, Leno
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Harman, Blakeslee

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 5/24/12
          AYES:  Kehoe, Walters, Alquist, Dutton, Lieu, Price, 
            Steinberg


           SUBJECT  :    Public records:  electronic format

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill prohibits a public agency, when 
          responding to a request for disclosure of electronic 
          documents pursuant to the California Public Records Act 
          (CPRA), from charging the requestor for data extraction, 
          compilation, programming, or data conversion, as specified. 
           This bill establishes the California Open Data Standard, 
          which would provide open format standards for public 
          agencies that are required to make electronic data 
          available to the public.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law, the CPRA, governs the disclosure 
          of information collected and maintained by public agencies. 
           (Government Code (GOV) Section 6250 et seq.)  Generally, 
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          all public records are accessible to the public upon 
          request, unless the record requested is exempt from public 
          disclosure.  (GOV Section 6254.)  There are 30 general 
          categories of documents or information that are exempt from 
          disclosure, essentially due to the character of the 
          information, and unless it is shown that the public's 
          interest in disclosure outweighs the public's interest in 
          non-disclosure of the information, the exempt information 
          may be withheld by the public agency with custody of the 
          information.
            
          Existing law requires a public agency to make non-exempt 
          electronic public records available in any electronic 
          format in which it holds the information or, if requested, 
          in an electronic format used by the agency to create copies 
          for its own or other agency's use.  (GOV Section 
          6253.9(a)(1))   

          Existing law authorizes a public agency to charge to the 
          requestor the direct cost of producing the electronic 
          public record.  (GOV Section 6253.9(a)(2))

          Existing law requires the requestor of the electronic 
          public record to pay the cost of producing a copy of the 
          record, including the cost to construct the record, and the 
          cost of programming and computer services necessary to 
          produce a copy of the record if the public agency produces 
          the electronic record only at regularly scheduled intervals 
          or the request requires data compilation, extraction, or 
          programming to produce the electronic record.  (GOV Section 
          6253.9(b))

          Existing law provides that a public agency is not required 
          to release an electronic record in the electronic form in 
          which it is held by the agency if its release would 
          jeopardize or compromise the security or integrity of the 
          original record or of any proprietary software in which it 
          is maintained.  (GOV Section 6253.9(f))

          This bill authorizes a public agency, if requested, to 
          provide a copy of an electronic record in a format in which 
          the text in the electronic record is searchable by commonly 
          used software, and the requestor of such requested 
          electronic record must pay the cost of converting the 

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          electronic record into a searchable format, including the 
          cost of programming and computer services necessary to 
          produce the electronic record.

          This bill provides that whenever a state or local agency is 
          required by law to make electronic data or an electronic 
          document available to the public, and the agency maintains 
          the data or document in an open format, the data or 
          document shall be provided in an open format.

          This bill provides that whenever a state or local agency is 
          required by law to make data or a document available on the 
          Internet, and the agency maintains the data or document in 
          an open format, the data or document shall be posted in an 
          open format.

          1. This subdivision shall not apply to data or documents 
             posted on the Internet before January 1, 2013.

          2. This subdivision shall not be construed to require an 
             agency to repost existing data or documents currently 
             posted and available on the Internet.

          This bill provides that for purposes of this section, "open 
          format" means all of the following:

          1. The data or document can be located and downloaded by 
             open-source software or public Internet applications 
             that are available for free, or both.

          2. The data or the text in the document is machine readable 
             and can be searched, indexed, organized, categorized, 
             and is otherwise automatically processable.

          3. The data or document provides data granularity, 
             definitions, and structured formats in the original 
             quality available to the state or local agency.

          This bill provides that for purposes of this section, 
          "open-source software" means computer software that is 
          provided under a free software license that permits users 
          to study, change, improve, and distribute the software.

          This bill provides that this section shall not be construed 

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          to require a state or local agency to do either of the 
          following:

          1. Convert data or a document into an open format.
          2. Update its software or hardware.

          This bill provides that this section shall not be construed 
          to require a public agency to release data or a document in 
          open format if its release would jeopardize or compromise 
          the security or integrity of the original record or of any 
          proprietary software in which it is maintained.

          This bill provides that this section shall not be construed 
          to permit public access to records held by an agency to 
          which access is otherwise restricted by law.

           FISCAL EFFECT :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes   
          Local:  Yes

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

           Minor ongoing costs to state and local agencies to 
            provide and post electronic data and documents in open 
            format on a prospective basis, if the data and documents 
            are maintained in that format by the agency and release 
            of the data or documents would not compromise the 
            security or integrity of the information, as specified.

           Potential significant future cost pressure on state and 
            local agencies to move to systems/software enabling 
            creation/conversion of data and documents to open format.

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/29/12)

          American Federation of State, County and Municipal 
          Employees, AFL-CIO
          California Faculty Association
          California Newspaper Publishers Association
          California Teachers Association
          Californians Aware
          Common Cause
          San Francisco Public Utilities Commission
          UAW 5810
          United Reporting Crime Beat News

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           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  5/29/12)

          California District Attorneys Association
          California Law Enforcement Association of Records 
          Supervisors, Inc.
          California Peace Officers Association
          California State Sheriffs' Association
          Chief Probation Officers of California
          League of California Cities

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The author writes:

            The main deficiency in current law is that there is not 
            Ŭa] set standard for what format electronic data Ŭis] to 
            be provided in.  Oftentimes agencies will post online or 
            turn over via CPRA requests electronic data that is 
            nothing more than an image file.  Meaning, the data or 
            document cannot even utilize basic functions such as 
            searching or indexing.  This bill would create a set 
            standard and ensure that when data goes online it is 
            useable.

            Those requesting electronic data are also facing huge 
            costs for the "extraction" of data.  When an agency wants 
            to exercise a voluntary exemption and prevent certain 
            data from being released they often charge the requester 
            for extracting the data, even though the agency is 
            actually redacting data. . . . Complaints are surfacing 
            that agencies are pushing costs unnecessarily on to 
            requesters, which is deterring public records requests, 
            resulting in less government transparency.
          
           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    The California District 
          Attorneys Association is opposed to this bill and argues 
          that "the bill applies to nearly every case in which an 
          exemption is exercised, including the protection of private 
          and privileged information.  Because this process can be 
          extremely expensive, SB 1002 represents the creation of yet 
          another cost levied on local agencies who already respond 
          to thousands of Public Records Act requests annually."   
           

          RJG:mw  5/29/12   Senate Floor Analyses 

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                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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