BILL ANALYSIS Ó SB 1221 Page 1 Date of Hearing: June 26, 2012 ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON WATER, PARKS AND WILDLIFE Jared Huffman, Chair SB 1221 (Lieu) - As Amended: March 26, 2012 SENATE VOTE : 22 - 15 SUBJECT : Hunting of bear and bobcats with dogs. SUMMARY : This bill makes it unlawful to allow any dog to pursue a bear or bobcat. Specifically, this bill : 1)Adds bear and bobcat to statutory prohibitions on use of dogs to pursue mammals. 2)Adds pursuit of bear and bobcat to the list of situations when Department of Fish and Game (DFG) can capture or dispatch an uncontrolled dog. 3)Does not apply to the use of dogs to pursue bears or bobcats by federal, state or local law enforcement officers when carrying out official duties. 4)Repeals the section of Fish and Game Code that specifies when and how many dogs can be used to hunt bear. EXISTING LAW: 1)Defines 'Bear' as a game animal and 'Bobcat' as a nongame animal. 2)Defines 'Pursue' to mean pursue, run or chase. 3)Defines 'Take' to mean hunt, pursue, catch, capture, or kill, or attempt to hunt, pursue, catch, capture or kill. 4)Makes it unlawful to take any bear with firearm, trap, or bow and arrow without a tag and specifies no iron or steel-jawed or metal jawed trap can be used to take a bear. Upon killing the bear, the bear tag must be completed and a portion attached to the bear and it must be countersigned as described. 5)Allows dogs to be used to hunt bears under the following SB 1221 Page 2 conditions: a) 1 dog per hunter is permitted during open deer season. b) Unlimited number of dogs permitted during open bear season except during bear archery season or regular open deer seasons. 6)Prohibits a person from allowing any dog to pursue: a) Any big game mammal during closed season on that mammal, b) Any fully protected, rare or endangered mammal at any time, c) Any mammal in a game refuge or ecological reserve if hunting within that reserve is unlawful. 7)Authorizes employees of DFG to capture or dispatch any dog: a) Not under reasonable control of the owner or handler when that uncontrolled dog is pursuing a mammal per (4) above. b) Inflicting injury or immediately threatening to inflict injury to any big game mammal during the closed season on that mammal. c) Inflicting injury or immediately threatening to inflict injury to any fully protected, rare or endangered mammal at any time. d) Inflicting injury or immediately threatening to inflict injury to any mammal in a game refuge or ecological reserve if hunting in that reserve is unlawful. 8)States that hunters must maintain physical control over dogs. 9)Authorizes the Fish and Game Commission (FGC) to regulate the taking or possession of birds, mammals, fish, amphibian, and reptiles; to determine open and closed seasons, bag limits, the manner and means of taking, and restrictions based on sex, maturity or other physical distinction. Requires the FGC to consider populations, habitat, food supplies, the welfare of individual animals, and other pertinent facts and testimony when adopting regulations. 10)Regulations adopted by the FGC specify numbers and seasons for bear hunting and for take of bobcats. For example, the legal limit for bear hunting is one adult bear per season, bear cubs and females accompanied by cubs may not be taken, and the bear season opens the day the deer season opens and continues through December or until 1700 bears have been SB 1221 Page 3 taken, whichever occurs first. Regulations adopted by the FGC also place criteria and restrictions on the use of dogs for hunting and during training. For example, prohibits use of dogs to pursue mammals or for training in certain zones during certain seasons, allows for training of dogs on bears, deer and bobcats with appropriate tags during specified seasons, and prohibits use of GPS or tree switches on dogs used in hunting. For further detail see California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Section 265. 11)Under the Penal Code: a) Makes any person who inflicts unnecessary cruelty upon any living animal guilty of a crime punishable as a felony. However, the Penal Code also specifies that laws against animal cruelty shall not be construed as interfering with any game laws of the state; b) Prohibits placing a dog and bear in a situation where fighting between the 2 may occur; c) Makes any person who willfully abandons an animal guilty of a misdemeanor. FISCAL EFFECT : According to Senate Appropriations Committee: One-time costs of $18,000 from the Fish and Game Preservation Fund (special fund) beginning in 2013 for changes to Fish and Game regulations; uncertain revenue losses, from negligible to a $265,000 annually but likely approximately $130,000, starting in 2013 from Fish and Game Preservation Fund (special fund), mostly to the Big Game Account, from reduced bear and bobcat tag sales. COMMENTS : Hounding: Hunting bears and bobcats in California with dogs predates the formation of DFG in the 1870s and has been legal in California since game laws were formally established shortly thereafter. The current practice consists of fitting hunting dogs with equipment such as radio collars that allow the hunter to monitor and locate the dogs' movement remotely. Packs of dogs are released to chase bears and bobcats. The chase can be short or last for hours. In 2 separate studies, scientists noted the average chase length of 3.2 hours with some chases lasting as long as 12 hours and covering 18 miles. Once hunters hear that the dogs have treed an animal, they catch up, assess the treed animal, and decide whether to leave it or kill it. SB 1221 Page 4 This legislation only affects the use of dogs to hunt for bear and bobcat. Dog hunters would still be able to use dogs to hunt other fur-bearing mammals including raccoons, possum, boars and squirrels as well as be used by bird hunters; bears and bobcats could still be hunted without the use of dogs. As noted above, the Fish and Game Code contains certain restrictions on the use of dogs to hunt or pursue game. But since dogs are domestic animals, the welfare of dogs is protected under Penal Code. Types of hounding practices and affected industries: (excluding retrievers) Under the Fish and Game Code and Regulations, dogs are currently allowed to be used (with some restrictions) in the take of fur-bearing mammals including raccoon, beaver, badger, and muskrat; mammals including bears, deer, wild pigs, rabbits, and tree squirrels; and nongame mammals defined as all mammals occurring naturally in California which are not game mammals, fully protected mammals, or fur-bearing mammals. Dogs may also be used in the take of depredating mammals by federal and county animal damage control officers or by permittees authorized under a depredation permit issued by the department. Industries affected by this legislation include not only those that are involved in the sport of hunting but those that use dogs for protection of property or resources. Examples include the timber, agriculture, livestock, and bee keeping industries. Bear: DFG monitors the black bear population in accordance with the 1998 Black Bear Management Plan. Annual harvest quotas, currently set at 1700, are based on maintaining a healthy population for species preservation and recreation. The accuracy of the department's estimate of the bear population has been a matter of dispute and the department's current method of estimation acknowledges it could be off by as much as 27% or a range of +/- 7,000 bears on average. For example, using legal harvest data from 2010, the black bear population in California was estimated to be 26,500 with a range of from 18,500 to SB 1221 Page 5 33,000. From 2008 - 2010, the number of lawfully taken bears has decreased while the percentage of bears taken with dogs has remained relatively stable ~ 45%: 2010: 24, 859 bear tags issued; 1,503 total bears taken; 676 bears (45 %) taken using dogs; 2009: 24,805 bear tags issued; 1,700 total bears taken; 782 bears (46 %) taken using dogs; 2008: 25,631 bear tags issued; 2,028 total bears taken; 860 (43.9 %) taken using dogs. Explanations for the decline in annual take include a declining population and/or inclement weather that prohibited hunters from accessing bear habitat. 32 states allow bear hunting, with18 states allowing for the hunting of bears with dogs and 14 states (including Colorado, Oregon, Montana, Washington, and Wyoming) prohibiting the use of dogs. Colorado, Oregon and Washington have seen a 15%, 9%, and 7% respective increase in the number of bear tags sold while maintaining or increasing the annual number of bears killed since the ban on usage of dogs for hunting bear. One proposed rationale for this increase in bear tag sales is that more hunters are interested in a "fair chase" sport and will engage in the sport of hunting for bear when all hunters have an equal chance of killing a bear (i.e. when those who hunt with dogs do not have an increased advantage). An alternate rationale is that the state wildlife departments have had to incentivize the sale of bear tags, either through lower prices or game tag 'bundles' to prevent the drop in the sale of bear tags. Bobcat: Bobcats are considered 'nongame' by DFG. Since 1979, the bobcat population in California has been annually estimated to be about 70,000 and the US Fish and Wildlife Services (agency with responsibility for scientific monitoring) set the annual harvest quota at 14,400 animals. The majority of bobcats are hunted for the fur trade. Since 2000, the annual take has ranged from 580 to 1,262 animals with the majority of those taken by commercial trappers, and less than 20% have been taken with dogs. In the 2010 - 2011 season, 4,500 bobcat tags were issued, 1,195 total animals were taken with 893 (75 %) by commercial trappers, 238 SB 1221 Page 6 (20 %) by sport hunters, and 64 (5 %) by wildlife services. In the same season, 18% of lawfully taken bobcats were taken with dogs. DFG: Wardens submit weekly activity and incident reports. 550 non-nuisance incidents involving bears, bobcats and/or dogs were reported within the last 5 years. Of those, 192 or 35 % involved dogs in some fashion. Examples of incident reports involving bears include poaching, abandoned bear carcasses with paws and gall bladder removed, mutilation of cubs and other actions that would be deemed animal cruelty if committed on domestic animals; many of the incidents involving dogs were due to dogs that were out of control. Specific dog related violations included trespassing; chasing and killing of wildlife, livestock, and domestic animals by free roaming dogs; abandoned/out of control hunting dogs; and hounding out of season. The DFG Law Enforcement Division publically publishes citation data that indicates bear violations are a small proportion of all hunting violations (< 1%). This data is comprised of only those incidents where a citation was issued; i.e. where there was an individual to cite and/or where the warden issued a citation vs. a warning. For example, citations do not include incident reports where bear parts that were illegally taken were found but the hunter was not; or an incident report of an abandoned/free roaming/wildlife chasing dog that cannot be traced to an owner. There is no DFG data available for citations related to either bobcat or hunting dog violations. Each year, the FGC must update the Draft Environmental Document (DED), a CEQA type document assessing the effect of the current and proposed, if any, regulations on the upcoming bear hunting season. The 2000 DED on Bear Hunting assessed the reinstatement of black bear hunting after bear hunting was banned in 1998. This document was the most recent one to assess the use of dogs in hunting bears and chase related effects. Specifically, this 2000 DED stated the following: The department is unaware of any biological evidence to indicate that the regulated use of dogs to assist in hunting bears has had, or will be likely to have, a significant negative effect on the State's bear resource?as indicated by data currently collected regarding population SB 1221 Page 7 parameters? Ýwhere] the resulting level of hunting take, not the method of take, is the factor determining the effect on the bear population. Being pursued by dogs may cause the animal to suffer anxiety, fear, and stress. Stress resulting from the Ýuse of dogs] may be different from naturally occurring stress because of the possibility of pursuit by multiple dogs. Animals may experience anxiety and fear in response to naturally occurring stimuli. Hunt-related pursuit by dogs may subject the individual bear to anxieties or fears that are qualitatively different from naturally occurring anxieties and fears?In this sense, pursuit may be viewed as having an adverse effect on individual animal welfare. There is little scientific literature pertaining to the effects of using dogs to chase bears. However, individual bears Ýin 3 studies] did not show any long-term physiological effects as determined by their condition after denning and none of the family groups that were pursued (in a study in Massachusetts) separated after being chased. The conclusion was that "the activity of sport hunting black bears will result in the death of individual bears, the regulated removal of individual animals from a large and healthy statewide population is not expected to significantly reduce the bear population size? no significant negative effects, individually or cumulatively, on black bears as a species are expected to result from Ýhunting of black bears]." A report by a DFG Patrol Captain Klein provided evidence of a connection between the use of dogs and bear poaching through a 1981 investigation into a bear poaching ring in which over 100 houndsmen were involved. However, as the report did not look at non-hounding hunters or houndsmen not involved in poaching, it is difficult to determine whether there is a scientifically valid statistical correlation between hounding and bear poaching based on available data and studies. Violations of current laws and regulations: SB 1221 Page 8 The current practice of hunting bears and bobcats with dogs violates the following laws 1) a hunter must maintain physical control over their dog; 2) a person must not knowingly place a dog in a situation to fight with another animal, specifically including bears; and 3) the FGC regulation that females and bear cubs may not be taken, which by definition, includes pursuit. Additionally, because the dogs are often out of sight of the hunter, there is the potential for violations of several other laws including 1) trespassing on private property; 2) pursuit of a big game mammal during the closed season on such mammal; 3) pursuit of a fully protected, rare, or endangered mammal; and 4) pursuit of any mammal in a game refuge or ecological preserve if hunting within that refuge or preserve is unlawful. Previous similar legislation: SB 67 (Petris), 1993 would have required DFG to conduct a field study to determine the size and health of the black bear population in California and would have placed a moratorium on using dogs to hunt, pursue, or take black bears until the field study was completed. This bill failed passage in the Senate Natural Resources and Water Committee. AB 342 (Koretz), 2003 was very similar to the current SB 1221 in that it, among other provisions, would have prohibited allowing or training a dog to take any bear or bobcat for hunting purposes; authorized employees of DFG to capture any uncontrolled dog when that dog was taking a bear or bobcat; authorized employees of DFG to capture or dispatch any dog that was inflicting injury or immediately threatening to inflict injury on any bear or bobcat; and made it unlawful to train any dog to take any bear or bobcat for hunting purposes. This bill failed passage in the Assembly Water, Parks and Wildlife Committee. Support and Opposition Summary: This bill is a highly contentious, emotional issue with both support and opposition very passionate about the practice. Fundamentally, support and opposition approach the issue from two very different perspectives. The primary support argument is that this is a bill addressing SB 1221 Page 9 animal welfare and that sending dogs out to hunt puts them in imminent danger and subject to harm. Additionally, the bears and bobcats can be injured either during the chase or by the dogs if captured. Thus, hunting bear and bobcats with dogs is animal cruelty. The primary opposition argument is that using dogs to hunt is a tradition and a way of life. The dogs are bred and trained to pursue bears and bobcats, and many families spend their leisure time with the dogs in the wilderness. Thus, hunting bear and bobcats with dogs is a well-loved and cherished sport. Specific arguments in support: The author states "The practice of hunting bears and bobcats with hounds is unsporting and inhumane? Some liken this practice to shooting a bear in a cage? California has a long history of protecting its resources and protecting wildlife and animal welfare. The continued use of hound hunting runs counter to California's reputation as a humane state." Other key arguments of the supporters of this bill include: 1)Use of dogs to hunt bears is not necessary as a wildlife population management tool (note: the bill does not prohibit hunting of bears, only hunting with dogs). There is no evidence to support the argument there would be uncontrolled population growth without human intervention, and no evidence to support hounding as a necessary or effective hunting method to control bear populations. The traditional approach of management through hunting is outdated and inconsistent with predation theory. Human - bear interactions are usually caused by garbage, etc. and are not affected by hunting practices. Hunting does not alter depredation and does not address human - wildlife conflicts. 2)Hunting bears and bobcats with dogs is inhumane. Hounding places undue stress on target and non-target animals. Multiple studies demonstrate stress on wildlife in presence of dogs. Dogs often chase and kill other non-target animals - wildlife, farm animals, and pets. 3)Dogs used for hounding are subject to inhumane conditions. There are reports from animal control officers of poor husbandry/housing of hunting dogs; dogs getting lost or abandoned during or after a hunt; running dogs getting hit by cars as chase or wanderings take them across roads. Anecdotes SB 1221 Page 10 and reports from veterinarians and animal control officers provide evidence of injuries to hunting dogs that require moderate to intensive veterinary care. Lastly, many abandoned hunting dogs end up in animal shelters, unclaimed and often unadoptable. 4)This bill raises policy issues. First, supporters say that since Fish and Game Code specifies when and how many dogs can be used to hunt bear, the practices can only be changed through legislative action. Secondly, dogs are often out of eyesight of the hunter and the chase/hunt can move out of a hunting permissible region onto private or public lands, thus violating current law. Lastly, while, according to the Fish and Game Code, the FGC must among other issues, consider animal welfare when making regulations, the FGC has repeatedly, publically cited a lack of purview to consider concerns related to animal welfare and animal cruelty. 5)Bear and bobcat hunting contribute little to the overall economy. Money from hunters who use dogs represents only a fraction of the total amount of money contributed by hunters to the state economy. Additionally, California may see an increase in the number of bear hunters, like that seen in CO, OR, and WY. 6)Generally, supporters see the use of dogs as inhumane, 'unsporting', and a practice that deviates from the concept of fair chase. This position is held by both non-hunters and some hunters. A prohibition on hunting with dogs may lead to reductions in poaching of black bears as many poachers are known to use dogs in the hunt. And, "SB 1221 is an accurate reflection of evolving values concerning wildlife, humane treatment of animals and fair chase ethics." Specific arguments in opposition: 1)Use of dogs to hunt bears is a necessary wildlife population management tool (note: the bill does not prohibit hunting of bears, only hunting with dogs). Hounding is an efficient and cost effective management tool for population control and if hounding for bears is banned, the bear population will become out of control and threaten public safety. Additionally, SB 1221 will limit ranchers and timber owners' ability to manage bear populations and protect their livestock, bees or timber. Lastly, bears kill fawns thus SB 1221 will lead to more bears SB 1221 Page 11 and fewer deer. 2)Hunting bears and bobcats with dogs is humane as it allows for a catch and release form of hunting. Hunters are able to assess the treed animal and can determine sex, age, nursing sow, etc. before taking the animal. There is no evidence of stress of the chase in the target animals. Additionally, if the kill is made, it is done so at close range thus ensuring an accurate and fatal shot. 3)The dogs used in hounding are valuable assets to the hunters. They are trained and treated as athletes and receive the best food and veterinary care available. 4)This bill raises policy issues. First, SB 1221 circumvents the California Environmental Quality Act and this issue should be handled by the scientific and public process through the Fish and Game Commission. Secondly, this bill sets the precedent for outlawing all hunting with dogs. 5)SB 1221 will have economic ramifications to the state and to local communities. This bill will drastically cut into the revenue of DFG and place the department in a financial shortfall. Based on an estimated 5,000 bear tags sold to hunters using dogs, $200,000 could be lost annually. Additionally, hound hunters bring significant economic investment to communities. 6)In general, opposition states that hounding is a natural, traditional form of hunting and that ethical hunters comply with the regulations where it is just a few 'bad apples' that give hounding a bad name. Instilling a ban on this form of hunting is a presumption of guilt. Additionally, hunting with dogs is not about the kill, but about the chase. "We just like to run our dogs". Issues and questions for the Committee to consider: The 2000 DED from DFG concluded that "the activity of sport hunting black bears will result in the death of individual bears, the regulated removal of individual animals from a large and healthy statewide population is not expected to significantly reduce the bear population size? no significant negative effects, individually or cumulatively, on black bears as a species are expected to result from Ýhunting of black SB 1221 Page 12 bears]." However, this analysis focused on the population level effects of hunting with dogs and not on the effects of hounding on individual animal welfare. And, while the document stated that there was no "biological evidence to indicate that the regulated use of dogs to assist in hunting bears has had, or will be likely to have, a significant negative effect", a thorough review of the laws and regulations into the use of dogs to assist in hunting bears retrieved that the only regulations pertain to the number (1 vs. unlimited) and timing (hunting and training seasons) of the use of dogs for hunting with no regulations pertaining to how the dogs are used to assist in the hunt. Thus, hounding may be considered to be only minimally regulated without any regulations pertaining to animal welfare. While there have been numerous law enforcement incident reports involving bears and hounding, the available information on hounding and the effects of hounding is limited and often anecdotal. Are these reported incidents exceptions involving a few 'bad apples' or is this a more systemic problem? Bear poaching is a clear and definite problem in California. There is evidence supporting a connection between hounding and bear poaching, but the extent of the correlation is not able to be quantified by currently available data. The issue of animal welfare: Other states that have publically discussed the issue of hounding mention that the objection to hounding is based on ethics and animal welfare and not based on population management. What is the effect of hounding on the individual animal? How big of a problem does hounding need to be to warrant intervention, particularly given the animal welfare/humane treatment issues involved? What is the 'threshold' of incidents that would make this practice significant enough to stop? Further, is the concept of 'Catch and Release' humane? Opponents of this bill argue that using dogs to hunt bears is similar to "catch and release" in fishing thus allowing for the sport of the chase without making the kill. However, it can also be argued that a humane death involves non-stressful events leading up to death and therefore the 'chase' is one of the inhumane parts of the process. The opponents also state that the kill associated with hounding is more humane as the hunter usually has a clean shot and the animal dies immediately. But this is not always the outcome; anecdotal stories relay the experience of the animal falling from the tree alive to be injured or to attack the hunter and/or SB 1221 Page 13 dogs or of dogs catching and fighting with the bear on the ground. Finally, what is the definition of 'fair chase'? The concept of fair chase may be clear, but different people have different definitions. Finally, where does the jurisdiction of this issue lie - with the Legislature or the Fish and Game Commission? The Fish and Game Code specifically states the number of dogs that can be used at certain times for hunting bear. Thus, some legislative action would be needed if the practice were to be altered. However, the FGC was established to address the management and wise use of California's fish and wildlife resources through their establishment of regulations relating to take seasons, bag limits, and methods of take based on the scientific expertise of DFG, the best interest of the resource, while reflecting the wishes of the people. Thus, the FGC is the body that is designed to make regulations. Suggested Committee Staff Amendments: Committee Staff suggests that this bill should include the following exceptions, which will be narrowly defined, to the ban on the use of dogs to pursue bear and bobcat: 1) To aid in scientific research on bears and bobcats; 2) As a last resort under a DFG issued depredation permit for the depredation done by a bear or bobcat; and 3) For the use of dogs for hazing of bears and bobcats away from the immediate vicinity of livestock. Additionally, recognizing the historical jurisdiction of the FGC in regulating the use of dogs for hunting bears and bobcats, if the Committee believes the FGC should have the authority to evaluate the practice and regulations pursuant to the evaluation, the committee may wish to consider the following additional amendments: Authorize the FGC to review the effects of the use of dogs to pursue bears and bobcats; Authorize the FGC to establish regulations on the use of dogs to pursue bears and bobcats if such use meets strict standards and has no negative effects; Authorize DFG to create a hound tag for use of dogs in hound hunting enabling greater enforcement and regulation of the practice and allow for further monitoring and study of the effects of the practice; SB 1221 Page 14 Authorize the FGC to create regulations for the hound tag; and Authorize DFG to set a fee to recover administrative and implementation costs to DFG and the FGC for the hound tag. REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION : Support Humane Society of the United States (Sponsor) Action for Animals Animal Legal Defense Fund Animal Rescue Team, Inc. ASPCA Bear League Best Friends Animal Society Big Wildlife Born Free USA Buckhorn Ranch Environmental Protection Information Center Fund for Animals Wildlife Center Haven Humane Society Humane Society Veterinary Medical Assoc. In Defense of Animals Injured and Orphaned Wildlife Kern-Waweah Chapter, Sierra Club Klamath Forest Alliance Lake Tahoe Humane Society Lake Tahoe Wildlife Care, Inc. Last Chance for Animals League of Humane Voters, California Chapter Lions Tigers & Bears Big Cat Sanctuary and Rescue Los Padres ForestWatch Marin County Board of Supervisors Marin Humane Society Mountain Lion Foundation Ohlone Humane Society Ojai Wildlife League Paw Pac Paw Project Project Coyote Public Interest Coalition SB 1221 Page 15 Reno Sparks Indian Colony Sacramento SPCA San Diego Animal Advocates San Francisco SPCA Santa Clara County Activists for Animals Santa Cruz SPCA Sierra Club California Sierra Wildlife Coalition Social Compassion in Legislation SPCA Los Angeles State Humane Association of California Wildcare Wildlife Rehabilitation and Release Yolo County SPCA Over a thousand individuals Opposition American Herding Breed Association Bob Williams, Tehama County Supervisor California Cattlemen's Association California Farm Bureau Federation California Federation of Dog Clubs California Houndsmen for Conservation California Outdoor Heritage Alliance California Resources Business Alliance California Rifle and Pistol Association, Inc California Sportsman's Lobby California State Beekeepers Association California Waterfowl Association Central California Sporting Dog Association Central Coast Forest Association County of Humboldt, Board of Supervisors County of Mendocino, Board of Supervisors County of Plumas, Board of Supervisors County of Siskiyou, Board of Supervisors County of Siskiyou, Department of Agriculture County of Sutter, Board of Supervisors County of Yuba Fresno County Sportsmen's Club Glenn County Farm Bureau Glenn County Board of Supervisors Humboldt County Farm Bureau Humboldt-Del Norte Cattlemen's Association Klamath Alliance for Resources and Envt. SB 1221 Page 16 Lower Sherman Island Duck Hunters Assoc. Mendocino County Farm Bureau Modoc County Fish, Game & Rec. Commission National Shooting Sports Foundation, Inc. Outdoor Sportsmen's Coalition of California Safari Club International Safari Press, Inc. Scott Valley Veterinary Clinic Shasta County Board of Supervisors Shasta County Farm Bureau Siskiyou County Fish and Game Commission Tehama County Farm Bureau The California Sportsman's Lobby, Inc. Tri County Houndsmen Trinity County Supervisors: Wendy Otto, District 5; Judy Pflueger, District 1 Tule River Houndsmen Over a thousand individuals Analysis Prepared by : Mandy Arens / W., P. & W. / (916) 319-2096