BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: sb 1317
          SENATOR MARK DESAULNIER, CHAIRMAN              AUTHOR:  kehoe
                                                         VERSION: 
          3/27/2012
          Analysis by:  Eric Thronson                    FISCAL:  yes
          Hearing date:  April 17, 2012



          SUBJECT:

          Traffic violator schools

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill clarifies what traffic violator school information the 
          Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) makes available and shifts 
          some of DMV's administrative costs from the schools to the 
          violators.

          ANALYSIS:

          Existing law defines a traffic violator school (TVS) as a 
          business which provides traffic safety instruction, such as 
          classroom defensive-driver concepts, for traffic law violators 
          referred by the courts or people who elect to attend to improve 
          their own skills.  The TVS program includes classroom-based 
          programs as well as home study programs, which may offer 
          instruction through a variety of non-classroom means (e.g., 
          internet, textbook, video, and CD ROM).  Attending a TVS 
          essentially allows a traffic violator to pay a one-time fee to 
          avoid receiving a point against his or her driving record, which 
          reduces future car insurance costs as well as the chance of DMV 
          suspending or revoking the violator's driving privileges. 

          In an effort to make the TVS program more effective and uniform 
          across instructional modalities, AB 2499 (Portantino), Chapter 
          599, Statutes of 2010, made a number of changes to the program, 
          including directing DMV to administer it and licenses the 
          schools as of September 2011.  In addition, AB 2499 changed 
          specific implementing details pertaining to the program, such as 
          how DMV disseminates information about these schools and how 
          schools notify courts of a violator's successful course 
          completion.  Finally, AB 2499 required DMV to charge fees to the 
          schools sufficient to cover its actual cost to administer the 
          TVS program.  Existing law allows DMV to charge violators only a 




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          fee to cover the cost of routine monitoring of instruction.

           This bill  makes a number of changes to existing law intended to 
          clarify what information the DMV is providing on each TVS as 
          well as to shift some of DMV's administrative costs from the 
          schools to the violators. Specifically, this bill:

                 Specifies what information should be made available on 
               the list of licensed traffic violator schools provided on 
               the DMV website and that the list should be rotated each 
               time the list is accessed instead of randomized daily. 
               Also, this bill requires the court or court representatives 
               to provide a hard copy of the list with the same details.

                 Allows a classroom-based TVS to provide a hard copy 
               certificate of completion, which students can present to 
               the court as proof of completion, instead of posting this 
               information to a DMV web database.  

                 Prohibits DMV from requiring any TVS to process 
               paper-based evaluations of course instruction by students.

                 Expands DMV costs to be defrayed by the fee assessed 
               against traffic violators to include providing classroom 
               course completion certificates and renewing current 
               classroom locations.
          
          COMMENTS:

           1.Purpose  .  This bill seeks to improve DMV's implementation of 
            some elements of 2010's 
            AB 2499.  According to the author, AB 2499 failed to provide 
            TVSs with needed administrative flexibility and imposed new 
            fees on these schools in order to provide sufficient funds for 
            DMV to administer the TVS program.  In addition, the author 
            contends that information provided by DMV and the courts 
            regarding TVS locations remains woefully inadequate.  The 
            author states that these changes have left the classroom-based 
            schools unable to financially sustain themselves.

            Proponents argue that this bill resolves two important issues 
            by directing DMV to make course completion certificates once 
            again available to classroom-based schools.  Before 
            AB 2499, DMV provided classroom-based schools with 
            certificates of completion which students submitted to the 
            courts as proof of attendance and completion.  Existing law 




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            requires schools to begin inputting each student's information 
            into an online database that courts can access to verify 
            course completion.  Proponents contend that one benefit of 
            returning to paper certificates is that the DMV can again 
            charge violators for the certificates, effectively reducing 
            the cost born by the classroom-based schools.  The second 
            benefit of eliminating the online database for the 
            classroom-based schools is that it reduces the potential 
            liability concerns for any mistakes made inputting the data.

           2.TVS information provided by DMV  .  Existing law requires DMV to 
            provide a list of licensed traffic violator schools, by 
            modality, on its website.  Due to concerns expressed by some 
            TVS operators, DMV, Judicial Council, and some stakeholders 
            have been meeting since January to address the way the TVS 
            information is being displayed on the DMV's website.  
            According to DMV, all issues raised concerning the content on 
            the website that can be addressed will be resolved by 
            mid-April.  If enacted, this bill will essentially codify 
            DMV's current practice outside the following two challenges:  
            1) Because TVSs do not provide on their licensing record the 
            judicial district in which they operate, DMV is presently 
            unable to add this field to the database as mandated in this 
            bill, and 2) DMV points out that rotating the list instead of 
            randomizing the order of schools could open up the system to 
            manipulation that could advantage one particular establishment 
            over another.  The committee may consider removing these 
            elements from the bill in order to address DMV's 
            implementation challenges.
            
           3.Course completion certificates vs. the online database  .  As 
            mentioned previously, this bill directs DMV to make paper 
            course completion certificates once again available to 
            classroom-based schools instead of requiring instructors to 
            input student information into an online database.  It is 
            unclear why inputting student data into a database is 
            increasing the workload of instructors or how the use of an 
            online database increases liability issues for the schools.  
            The instructors manually write onto the paper certificates all 
            the information they enter into the database, so the database 
            entry does not seem to introduce any additional workload.  In 
            addition, the schools' liability risk is similar to the paper 
            certificates with the database process, because written 
            mistakes can be made as easily as mistakes keyed into a 
            database.  DMV indicates it has no knowledge of a case in 
            which schools were held liable for any such mistakes in the 




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            past.

           4.Online database may reduce fraud  .  The online database 
            established by AB 2499 requires course instructors to log in 
            when entering course completion information, which introduces 
            accountability to the TVS process and makes fraudulent 
            behavior much easier to identify and prosecute.  On the other 
            hand, paper completion certificates can be sold, replicated, 
            or stolen, and it is very difficult to track down and 
            prosecute perpetrators of such illegal actions.  Nevertheless, 
            fraud cases have been pursued when possible.  For example, 
            since 2006, Los Angeles County has received 57 case referrals 
            that have led to 19 arrests and convictions.  Due to the 
            concerns about fraudulent use of paper completion 
            certificates, the committee may wish to amend the bill to 
            remove the provisions requiring DMV to reinstate the old 
            process.

           5.How to fund DMV's administrative costs  .  AB 2499 required DMV 
            to seek full cost recovery for its administration of the TVS 
            program, which DMV was not doing beforehand.  The law 
            specifies what costs the fee collected by the courts from each 
            traffic violator can defray.  Legislative Counsel has 
            published an opinion that existing law does not allow DMV to 
            charge violators for administrative costs except for the cost 
            of routine monitoring of instruction.  Because DMV is required 
            to recover its full costs, it has increased the fees on the 
            schools to cover the program costs.  
             
             This bill shifts two portions of DMV's costs from the 
            classroom-based schools to each violator by expanding the 
            administrative costs that can be defrayed by the violator's 
            court fees.  The first cost shifted is the cost of providing 
            course completion certificates, which is described in the 
            previous comment.  The second cost shifted by this bill is for 
            DMV's annual classroom location approval.  Each 
            classroom-based school is required annually to seek approval 
            of classroom locations from DMV, and DMV has increased the fee 
            to do so   from $50 to $100 in order to help cover the 
            administrative costs of the TVS program.  This bill eliminates 
            the classroom location renewal fee in lieu of funding from 
            higher fees on every violator.
             
             These two changes allow DMV to raise the fee charged to every 
            traffic violator to defray some of its administrative costs.  
            In essence, this bill reduces the amount classroom-based 




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            schools pay to support DMV's administration of the program and 
            increases the amount every violator pays, regardless of 
            whether he or she opts to use classroom-based or home study 
            TVS material or to participate in the TVS program at all.  

           6.Is this bill subsidizing low-income violators  ?  According to 
            the Public Policy Institute of California, roughly 24 percent 
            of Californians have no internet access at home.  Supporters 
            of this bill argue that, because some segment of Californians 
            does not have internet access at home, it is imperative for 
            the state to subsidize classroom-based schools in order to 
            ensure access to the TVS program for everyone.  This bill 
            accomplishes this by shifting costs from the classroom-based 
            schools to every violator.
             
             It is not clear, however, that by subsidizing classroom-based 
            schools the state is subsidizing low-income Californians.  
            While there may be a correlation between persons of low income 
            and lack of internet access in the home, not all low-income 
            households are without internet access nor are all households 
            without internet access low-income.  Likewise, it is not clear 
            that a disproportionate percentage of attendees of 
            classroom-based schools are violators without internet access 
            nor low-income.  As a result, this bill requires all violators 
            to subsidize not just low-income Californians without internet 
            access but any violator who chooses to attend a 
            classroom-based TVS.  Further, because the bill does not 
            require the savings to be passed on to attendees, it appears 
            it could be providing a subsidy to the classroom-based school 
            operators and not to any TVS program attendees.

            If the Legislature wishes to subsidize low-income violators, 
            there are more direct ways to do so.  For example, the state 
            currently collects a small fee from every vehicle registration 
            fee to subsidize low-income vehicle owners who need repairs to 
            their cars in order to pass the state's smog check.  If this 
            committee wishes to provide some sort of subsidy for 
            low-income violators, it may wish to consider amendments to 
            the bill that establish a fund from which DMV or another state 
            agency can provide grants to eligible Californians for TVS 
            completion.

          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the committee before noon on 
                     Wednesday,                             
                     April 11, 2012)





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               SUPPORT:  Fun-N-Cheap Comedy Traffic School
                         Never Speed Again Comedy Traffic Schools
                         Gay Community Traffic School
                         10 individual traffic violator school instructors

          
               OPPOSED:  None received.