BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                             Alan Lowenthal, Chair
                           2011-2012 Regular Session
                                        

          BILL NO:       SB 1349
          AUTHOR:        Yee
          AMENDED:       March 27, 2012
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 18, 2012
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Kathleen Chavira

           NOTE  :   This bill has been referred to the Committees on 
          Education and Labor and Industrial Relations.  A "do pass" 
          motion should include referral to the Committee on Labor 
          and Industrial Relations.  

          SUBJECT  :  The Social Media Privacy Act.
          
           SUMMARY  

          This bill prohibits a public or private postsecondary 
          educational institution, from requiring or formally 
          requesting in writing, a student or prospective student to 
          disclose the user name or account password for a personal 
          social media account, or to otherwise provide the 
          institution with access to any content of that account a 
          public or private employer, and establishes the same 
          prohibition on public and private employers in regards to 
          an employee/prospective employee.  

           BACKGROUND  

          Current law requires the UC Regents, the CSU Trustees and 
          the governing board of every community college district to 
          adopt specific rules and regulations governing student 
          behavior along with applicable penalties for violation of 
          the rules and regulations (Education Code § 66017, § 66300)

          Current law also authorizes the governing board of a 
          community college district, the president or an instructor 
          to suspend a student for "good cause", and prohibits the 
          removal, suspension, or expulsion of a California Community 
          College student unless the conduct for which the student is 
          disciplined is related to college activity or college 
          attendance. (EC § 76030)





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          California State University rules of student conduct are 
          outlined in the California Code of Regulations (Title 5, 
          Article 2, Section 41301). These regulations provide that 
          any student may be expelled, suspended, placed on probation 
          or given a lesser sanction for one or more causes, as 
          specified.  Conduct that threatens the safety or security 
          of the campus community or substantially disrupts the 
          function or operation of the University, whether it occurs 
          on or off campus, is within the jurisdiction of the Student 
          Conduct Code.  Systemwide procedures for implementing 
          student disciple are set forth in Executive Order #1043, 
          which, among other things, authorizes a student conduct 
          administrator to investigate the matter. 
          At the UC, enrolled students are subject to university 
          authority which includes the prerogative of dismissing 
          students for a number of violations including participation 
          in a disturbance of the peace or unlawful assembly.   If 
          specified in implementing campus regulations, these 
          standards of conduct may apply to conduct that occurs off 
          campus and that would violate student conduct and 
          discipline policies or regulations had the conduct occurred 
          on campus.  

          Current law also prohibits the UC Regents, the CSU Trustees 
          and local community college district governing boards from 
          making or enforcing any rule subjecting any student to 
          disciplinary sanction solely on the basis of conduct that 
          is speech or other communication that, when engaged in 
          outside a campus of those institutions, is protected by the 
          United States or California constitutions.  Current law 
          provides that an enrolled student may pursue civil action 
          against these institutions, should they make or enforce any 
          such rule.  (EC§94367)

           ANALYSIS
           
          This bill establishes the Social Media Privacy Act, under 
          which it:

          1)   Prohibits a public or private postsecondary 
               educational institution from requiring, or from 
               formally requesting in writing that a student or 
               prospective student:

                    a)             Disclose the user name or account 
                    password for a personal social media account.




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               b)        Provide the institution with access to any 
               content of that account.

          2)   Prohibits a public or private employer from requiring, 
               or from formally requesting in writing that an 
               employee or prospective employee: 

                    a)             Disclose the user name or account 
                    password for a personal social media account.

               b)        Provide the institution with access to any 
               content of that account.

          3)   Defines "social media" as an electronic medium where 
               users may create, share, and view user-generated 
               content including videos, photographs, blogs, video 
               blogs, podcasts, instant messages, or web site 
               profiles or locations. 

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  . According to the author, there is a 
               growing trend of colleges and universities who are 
               requiring user names and passwords to the social media 
               accounts of students. While social media have provided 
               a useful avenue for socialization and expression, the 
               author contends that it has also put employees, job 
               applicants, and students at risk of having their 
               privacy blatantly violated by employers and schools. 

           2)   Double referral  .  This bill prohibits specified 
               actions by postsecondary educational institutions and 
               employers.  While this Committee appropriately 
               considers policy which impacts educational 
               institutions, employment issues are generally under 
               the purview of the Labor and Industrial Relations 
               Committee.  This bill has been double referred and the 
               provisions of the bill affecting employers will be 
               reviewed by the Senate Labor and Industrial Relations 
               Committee.  

               Staff further notes that while privacy issues are 
               generally under the purview of the Judiciary 
               Committee, this bill is not currently referred to the 
               Senate Judiciary Committee.




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           3)   What do postsecondary educational institutions 
               currently do  ? According to the public postsecondary 
               educational institutions, they do not currently engage 
               in the activities prohibited by this bill.  However, 
               it appears that some private postsecondary educational 
               institutions do request that their athlete students 
               provide information on their social media accounts. 
               Reportedly this is to ensure that these students 
               adhere to student athlete ethics codes, as required 
               under National Collegiate Athletic Association rules.  


           4)   Should postsecondary educational institutions have 
               some investigative authority  ?  Current law authorizes 
               California's public institutions to establish 
               standards of student conduct to guard against behavior 
               which may not violate law, but may threaten the safety 
               and security of the campus community.  These can and 
               do include standards against hazing, cheating, rules 
               regarding possession of a firearm on campus, misuse of 
               computer facilities, violations of University 
               policies, rules or regulations, encouraging, 
               permitting or assisting another to do any act that 
               could subject the individual to discipline. 
               Presumably, private institutions also have codes of 
               conduct around behaviors that may not violate law, but 
               could affect the safety and security of their 
               campuses. Is it reasonable to restrict a postsecondary 
               educational institution's access to information in an 
               instance where the institution is investigating 
               activity which could disrupt campus or students' 
               safety and security, or otherwise disrupts the 
               operation or functions of the University?  Staff 
               recommends the bill be amended to address this 
               concern. 

           5)   Similar legislation  . AB 1844 (Campos) is similar to 
               this bill in that it prohibits an employer from 
               requiring a prospective employee to disclose a user 
               name or account password to access a personal social 
               media account.  AB 1844 has been referred to the 
               Assembly Committees on Judiciary and Labor and 
               Employment.  That bill is currently awaiting hearing 
               in the Assembly Judiciary Committee. 





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           SUPPORT  

          CalSmallBiz
          Consumer Action
          Jewish Vocational Service, Los Angeles
          Privacy Rights Clearinghouse

           OPPOSITION

           None received.