BILL NUMBER: SB 1448 INTRODUCED
BILL TEXT
INTRODUCED BY Senator Calderon
FEBRUARY 24, 2012
An act to amend Sections 1215, 1215.2, 1215.4, 1215.5, and 1215.6
of, to amend and renumber Sections 1215.8, 1215.9, 1215.10, 1215.11,
1215.12, 1215.13, 1215.131/2, 1215.14, 1215.15, and 1215.16 of, and
to amend, renumber, and add Section 1215.7 of, the Insurance Code,
relating to insurance.
LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST
SB 1448, as introduced, Calderon. Insurance.
(1) Existing law governs the business of insurance and authorizes
the Insurance Commissioner to provide oversight over the insurance
industry, including conducting investigations and bringing
enforcement actions. Existing law provides that any officer,
director, or employee of an insurance holding company who willfully
and knowingly subscribes to, makes, or causes to be made materially
false statements, reports, or filings, as specified, that involves
the deliberate perpetration of a fraud upon the commissioner is
guilty of a misdemeanor or a felony.
Existing law prohibits a person from making a tender offer for, or
a request or invitation for tenders of, or from entering into an
agreement to exchange securities for or acquire in the open market,
any voting security, or any security convertible into a voting
security, of a domestic insurer or of any other person controlling a
domestic insurer, if the other person is not substantially engaged
either directly or through its affiliates in any businesses other
than that of insurance, if, as a result of the consummation thereof,
the person would, directly or indirectly, acquire control of the
insurer. Existing law also prohibits a person from entering into an
agreement to merge with or otherwise acquire control of a domestic
insurer, unless, at the time copies of the offer, purchase, request,
or invitation are first published, sent, or given to security holders
or the agreement or transaction is entered into, the person has
filed with the commissioner, and has sent to the insurer, a statement
containing the specified information, including, among other things,
information regarding the background and identity of all persons by
whom or on whose behalf the purchases or the exchange, merger, or
other acquisition of control are to be effected, and any additional
information as the commissioner may by rule or regulation prescribe
as necessary or appropriate in the public interest or for the
protection of policyholders or shareholders.
This bill would authorize the commissioner to hold a noticed
public hearing after the statement described above is filed and would
provide the person filing the statement with the right to present
evidence, to examine witnesses, and to offer oral and written
arguments. The bill would also provide for a consolidated hearing
before the commissioner and commissioners from other states, as
specified.
The bill would require any controlling person of a domestic
insurer seeking to divest its controlling interest in the domestic
insurer to file with the commissioner confidential notice of its
proposed divestiture at least 30 days prior to the cessation of
control. The bill would require the commissioner to determine those
instances in which an insurer under those circumstances would be
required to file for and obtain approval of the transaction. The bill
would require the information to remain confidential unless the
commissioner makes a specified determination.
The bill would require that the ultimate controlling person of
every insurer subject to registration file an annual enterprise risk
report. The bill would define "enterprise risk" for purposes of these
provisions to mean any activity, circumstance, or event or series of
events involving directly or indirectly one or more affiliates of an
insurer that, if not remedied promptly, is likely to have a material
adverse effect upon the financial condition or liquidity of the
insurer or its insurance holding company system as a whole. The bill
would authorize the commissioner to ascertain the enterprise risk to
which an insurer is subjected by the ultimate controlling party or by
any entity or combination of entities within the insurance holding
company system, or by the insurance holding company system on a
consolidated basis, and to order an insurer to produce an enterprise
risk report. The bill would provide that whenever it appears to the
commissioner that any person has committed a violation of the
registration requirements that prevents the full understanding of the
enterprise risk to the insurer by affiliates of the insurance
company holding system, the violation may serve as an independent
basis for disapproving dividends or distribution or placing the
insurer under an order of supervision.
(2) Existing law prohibits purchases, exchanges, mergers, or other
acquisitions of control from being made until the commissioner
approves those acquisitions, and requires the commissioner to approve
or disapprove the transaction within 60 days after the filing of
that statement.
The bill would instead require the commissioner to approve or
disapprove an acquisition of control on or before the latter of 60
days after the statement has been filed with the commissioner or 30
days after the close of the hearing.
(3) Existing law requires every insurer authorized to do business
in this state to register with the commissioner and to file a
registration statement containing specified information, including
the identity and relationship of every member of the insurance
holding company system.
This bill would additionally require the registration statement to
specify that the insurer's board of directors is responsible for and
oversees corporate governance and internal controls, and that the
insurer's officers or senior management have approved, implemented,
and continue to maintain and monitor corporate governance and
internal control procedures. The bill would also require the insurer
to include in the registration statement, if requested by the
commissioner, financial statements, as described, of or within an
insurance holding company system, including all affiliates.
(4) Existing law authorizes domestic insurers and commercially
domiciled insurers to enter into specified transactions, including
sales, loans, and reinsurance agreements, only if the insurer has
notified the commissioner in writing of its intention to enter into
the transactions at least 30 days prior thereto, or a shorter period
as the commissioner may permit, and the commissioner has not
disapproved it within that period.
This bill would expand that requirement to apply to amendments or
modifications of affiliate agreements previously filed, also make it
applicable to pooling agreements, require that the notice include the
reasons for the change and the financial impact on the insurer, and
require informal notice to the commissioner for determination of the
type of filing required.
The bill would authorize the commissioner to participate in a
supervisory college for any domestic insurer that is part of an
insurance holding company system with international operations in
order to determine compliance with the provisions described above.
The bill would also authorize the commissioner to establish the
supervisory college, clarify its membership, and establish a crisis
management plan.
(5) Because this bill would revise the required content of
statements, filings, and reports, and require additional statements
and reports, and because it would be a crime for an officer,
director, or employee of an insurance holding company to willfully or
knowingly engage in specified acts relative to those statements,
filings, and reports, the bill would impose a state-mandated local
program.
The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local
agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the
state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that
reimbursement.
This bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this
act for a specified reason.
Vote: majority. Appropriation: no. Fiscal committee: yes.
State-mandated local program: yes.
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
SECTION 1. Section 1215 of the Insurance Code is amended to read:
1215. As used in this article, the following terms shall have the
respective meanings hereinafter set forth, unless the context shall
otherwise require:
(a) An "affiliate" of, or person "affiliated" with, a specific
person, is a person that directly, or indirectly, through one or more
intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common
control with, the person specified.
(b) "Business day" is any day other than Saturday, Sunday, and any
other day that is specified or provided for as a holiday in the
Government Code.
(b)
(c) The term "control" includes the terms "controlling,"
"controlled by," and "under common control with," and means the
possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the
direction of the management and policies of a person, whether through
the ownership of voting securities, by contract other than a
commercial contract for goods or nonmanagement services, or
otherwise, unless the power is the result of an official position
with or corporate office held by the person. Control shall be
presumed to exist if any person, directly or indirectly, owns,
controls, holds with the power to vote, or holds proxies
representing, more than 10 percent of the voting securities of any
other person. This presumption may be rebutted by a showing that
control does not exist in fact pursuant to the filing of a disclaimer
of affiliation in accordance with subdivision ( l ) of
Section 1215.4. The commissioner may, after furnishing all persons in
interest notice and opportunity to be heard, determine that control
exists in fact, notwithstanding the absence of a presumption to that
effect.
(d) "Enterprise risk" means any activity, circumstance, or event
or series of events involving directly or indirectly one or more
affiliates of an insurer that, if not remedied promptly, is likely to
have a material adverse effect upon the financial condition or
liquidity of the insurer or its insurance holding company system as a
whole, including, but not limited to, anything that would cause the
insurer's risk-based capital to fall into company action level as set
forth in Article 4.1 (commencing with Section 739) of Chapter 1 and
under Section 739.5 or would cause the insurer to be in hazardous
financial condition and allow the commissioner to take such actions
as necessary under Article 14 (commencing with Section 1010), Article
14.3 (commencing with Section 1064.1), and Article 15.5 (commencing
with Section 1077).
(c)
(e) An "insurance holding company system" consists of
two or more affiliated persons, one or more of which is an insurer.
(d)
(f) "Insurer" shall have the same meaning as set forth
in Section 826 of this code , excluding
subdivisions (e) and (f) of that section.
(e)
(g) "Person" is an individual, a corporation, a
limited liability company, a partnership, an association, a
joint stock company, a business trust, an unincorporated
organization, or any similar entity, or any combination thereof
acting in concert.
(h) A "security holder" of a specified person is the holder that
owns any security of that person, including common stock, preferred
stock, debt obligations, and any other security convertible into or
evidencing the right to acquire any of the foregoing.
(f)
(i) A "subsidiary" of a specified person is an
affiliate controlled by that person directly, or indirectly through
one or more intermediaries.
(g) "Business day" is any day other than Saturday, Sunday, and any
other day that is specified or provided for as a holiday in the
Government Code.
(j) "Voting security" shall include any security convertible into
or evidencing a right to acquire a voting security.
SEC. 2. Section 1215.2 of the Insurance Code is amended to read:
1215.2. (a) No person shall make a tender offer for, or a request
or invitation for tenders of, or enter into an agreement to exchange
securities for or acquire in the open market, any voting security,
or any security convertible into a voting security, of a domestic
insurer or of any other person controlling a domestic insurer, if the
other person is not substantially engaged either directly or through
its affiliates in any businesses other than that of insurance, if,
as a result of the consummation thereof, the person would, directly
or indirectly, acquire control of the insurer, and no person shall
enter into an agreement to merge with or otherwise to acquire control
of a domestic insurer, unless, at the time copies of the offer,
purchase, request, or invitation are first published, sent, or given
to security holders or the agreement or transaction is entered into,
as the case may be, the person has filed with the commissioner, and
has sent to the insurer, a statement containing the following
information, and any additional information as the commissioner may
by rule or regulation prescribe as necessary or appropriate in the
public interest or for the protection of policyholders or
shareholders:
(1) The background and identity of all persons by whom or on whose
behalf the purchases or the exchange, merger, or other acquisition
of control are to be effected.
(2) The source and amount of the funds or other consideration used
or to be used in making the purchases or in effecting the exchange,
merger, or other acquisition of control, and, if any part of the
funds or other consideration has been or is to be borrowed or
otherwise obtained for the purpose of making the purchases or
effecting the exchange, merger, or other acquisition of control, a
description of the transaction and the names of the parties thereto.
However, where a source of funds is a loan made in the lender's
ordinary course of business, if the person filing the statement so
requests, the name of the lender shall not be made available to the
public.
(3) Any plans or proposals which those persons may have to
liquidate the insurer, to sell its assets or merge it with any
person, or to make any other major change in its business or
corporate structure or management.
(4) The amount of each class of voting securities or securities
which may be converted into voting securities of the insurer or the
controlling person which are beneficially owned, and the amount of
each class of voting securities or securities which may be converted
into voting securities of the insurer or the controlling person
concerning which there is a right to acquire beneficial ownership, by
each person and by each affiliate of each person, together with the
name and address of each affiliate.
(5) Information as to any contracts, arrangements, or
understandings with any person with respect to any securities of the
insurer or the controlling person, including, but not limited to,
transfer of any of the securities, joint ventures, loan or option
arrangements, puts or calls, guarantees of loans, guarantees against
loss or guarantees of profits, division of losses or profits, or the
giving or withholding of proxies, naming the persons with whom the
contracts, arrangements, or understandings have been entered into,
and giving the details thereof.
All requests or invitations for tenders or advertisements making a
tender offer or requesting or inviting tenders of the voting
securities of the insurer or the controlling person made by or on
behalf of the person, and a copy of the agreement to exchange or
otherwise acquire securities or to merge with or otherwise to acquire
control of the insurer, shall be filed with the commissioner and
sent to the insurer as a part of the statement and shall contain the
information contained in the statement as the commissioner may by
rule or regulation prescribe. Copies of any additional material
soliciting or requesting the tender offers subsequent to the initial
solicitation or request, and copies of any amendment to the
agreement, shall contain the information as the commissioner may by
rule or regulation prescribe as necessary or appropriate in the
public interest or for the protection of policyholders or
shareholders, and shall be filed with the commissioner and sent to
the insurer not later than the time copies of the material are first
published or sent or given to security holders or the amendment is
entered into.
(b) If the person required to file the statement referred to in
subdivision (a) is a partnership, limited partnership, syndicate, or
other group, the commissioner may require that the information called
for by paragraphs (1) to (5), inclusive, of subdivision (a) shall be
given with respect to: (1) each partner of the partnership or
limited partnership, (2) each member of the syndicate or group, and
(3) each person who controls the partner or member. If a person
referred to in paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of this subdivision is a
corporation or the person required to file the statement referred to
in subdivision (a) is a corporation, the commissioner may require
that the information called for by paragraphs (1) to (5), inclusive,
of subdivision (a) shall be given with respect to the corporation and
each officer and director of the corporation and each person who is
directly or indirectly the beneficial owner of more than 10 percent
of the outstanding voting securities of the corporation.
(c) If any tender offer, request, or invitation for tenders, or
agreement to exchange or otherwise acquire securities or to merge or
otherwise acquire control referred to in subdivision (a), is proposed
to be made by means of a registration statement under the federal
Securities Act of 1933, or in circumstances requiring the disclosure
of similar information under the federal Securities Exchange Act of
1934, or under a state law requiring similar registration or
disclosure, the person required to file the statement referred to in
subdivision (a) may file that registration statement with the
commissioner as full satisfaction of the requirement in subdivision
(a).
(d) The purchases, exchanges, mergers, or other acquisitions of
control referred to in subdivision (a) may not be made until the
commissioner approves the purchases, exchanges, mergers, or other
acquisitions of control. The commissioner shall approve or disapprove
the transaction within on or before the
latter of 60 days after the statement required by subdivision
(a) has been filed with the commissioner or, if a hearing is
held pursuant to subdivision (f), 30 days after the close of the
hearing held pursuant to subdivision (f) . The commissioner may
disapprove the transaction if the commissioner finds any of the
following:
(1) After the change of control the domestic insurer referred to
in subdivision (a) could not satisfy the requirements for the
issuance of a license to write the line or lines of insurance for
which it is presently licensed.
(2) The purchases, exchanges, mergers, or other acquisitions of
control would substantially lessen competition in insurance in this
state or create a monopoly therein.
(3) The financial condition of an acquiring person might
jeopardize the financial stability of the insurer, or prejudice the
interests of its policyholders.
(4) The plans or proposals which the acquiring person has to
liquidate the insurer, to sell its assets, or to merge it with any
person, or to make any other major change in its business or
corporate structure or management, are not fair and reasonable to
policyholders.
(5) The competence, experience, and integrity of those persons who
would control the operation of the insurer indicate that it would
not be in the interest of policyholders, or the public to permit them
to do so.
(e) The commissioner shall require the payment of two thousand
three hundred sixty dollars ($2,360) as a fee for filing an
application under this section, the amount to accompany the
application.
(f) (1) The commissioner may hold a public hearing after the
statement required by subdivision (a) is filed. If a hearing is held,
at least 20 day's notice shall be given by the commissioner to the
person filing the statement. Not less than seven day's notice of the
public hearing shall be given by the person filing the statement to
the insurer and to such other persons as may be designated by the
commissioner. At the hearing, the person filing the statement, the
insurer, any person to whom notice of hearing was sent, and any other
person whose interest may be affected, shall have the right to
present evidence, examine and cross-examine witnesses, and offer oral
and written arguments, and in connection therewith shall be entitled
to conduct proceedings in the same manner as is presently allowed
under the Administrative Procedure Act (Chapter 5 (commencing with
Section 11500) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government
Code). All discovery proceedings shall be concluded not later than
three days prior to the commencement of the public hearing.
(2) If the proposed acquisition of control will require the
approval of one or more commissioners from another state, in addition
to the commissioner, the public hearing referred to in paragraph (1)
may be held on a consolidated basis upon request of the person
filing the statement referred to in subdivision (a). The person shall
file the statement referred to in subdivision (a) with the National
Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) within five days of
making the request for a public hearing. A commissioner from another
state may opt out of a consolidated hearing, and the Insurance
Commissioner shall provide notice to the applicant of the opt-out
within 10 days of the receipt of the statement referred to in
subdivision (a). A hearing conducted on a consolidated basis shall be
public and shall be held within the United States before the
commissioners of the states in which the insurers are domiciled. The
commissioner shall hear and receive evidence. Any commissioner may
attend the hearing, in person or by telecommunication.
(f)
(g) This section shall not apply to any offer for or
request or invitation for tenders of any voting securities, or any
agreement to exchange securities for or otherwise acquire control, if
the insurer whose shares are to be acquired remains a direct or
indirect subsidiary of the same ultimate controlling company person
within the insurer's insurance holding company system, neither the
acquiring person nor any affiliate acquires or incurs any debt,
guarantee, or other liability related to the transaction, and no
shares are purchased by or sold to a person who is not an affiliated
person in that insurance holding company system, or if, and to the
extent that, the commissioner, by rule or regulation or by order,
exempts the offer, request, invitation, or agreement from the
provisions of this section as not comprehended within the purposes
thereof.
(h) For purposes of this section, any controlling person of a
domestic insurer seeking to divest its controlling interest in the
domestic insurer, in any manner, shall file with the commissioner,
with a copy to the insurer, confidential notice of its proposed
divestiture at least 30 days prior to the cessation of control. The
commissioner shall determine those instances in which the party or
parties seeking to divest a controlling interest in an insurer shall
be required to file for and obtain approval of the transaction. The
information shall remain confidential until the conclusion of the
transaction unless the commissioner, in his or her discretion,
determines that confidential treatment will interfere with
enforcement of this article. If the statement referred to in
subdivision (a) of Section 1215.2 is otherwise filed, this
subdivision shall not apply.
SEC. 3. Section 1215.4 of the Insurance Code is amended to read:
1215.4. (a) Every insurer that is authorized to do business in
this state and that is a member of an insurance holding company
system shall register with the commissioner, except a foreign insurer
subject to disclosure requirements and standards adopted by statute
or regulation in the jurisdiction of its domicile if substantially
similar to those contained in this section. The exemption from
registration for those foreign insurers shall not apply to any
commercially domiciled insurer within this state, as provided in
Section 1215.13 1215.14 . Any insurer
that is subject to registration under this section shall register
within 60 days after the effective date of this article or 15 days
after it becomes subject to registration, whichever is later, and
annually thereafter by April 30 of each year for the previous
calendar year, unless the commissioner for good cause shown extends
the time for registration. The commissioner may require a holding
company system that is not subject to registration under this section
to furnish a copy of the registration statement or other information
filed by the insurance company with the insurance regulatory
authority of domiciliary jurisdiction.
(b) Every insurer subject to registration shall file a
registration statement with the commissioner on a form
and in a format prescribed by the National Association of
Insurance Commissioners, which shall contain current information
about the following:
(1) The capital structure, general financial condition, ownership,
and management of the insurer and any person controlling the
insurer.
(2) The identity and relationship of every member of the insurance
holding company system.
(3) The following agreements in force, relationships subsisting,
and transactions currently outstanding or that have occurred during
the last calendar year between the insurer and its affiliates:
(A) Loans, extensions of credit, investments, or purchases, sales,
or exchanges of securities of the affiliates by the insurer or of
the insurer by its affiliates.
(B) Purchases, sales, or exchanges of assets.
(C) Transactions not in the ordinary course of business.
(D) Guarantees or undertakings for the benefit of an affiliate
that result in an actual contingent exposure of the insurer's assets
to liability, other than insurance contracts entered into in the
ordinary course of the insurer's business.
(E) All management agreements, service contracts, and cost-sharing
arrangements. However, subscription agreements or powers of attorney
executed by subscribers of a reciprocal or interinsurance exchange
are not required to be reported pursuant to this section if the form
of the agreement was in use before 1943 and was not amended in any
way to modify payments, fees, or waivers of fees or otherwise
substantially amended after 1943.
(F) Reinsurance agreements.
(G) Dividends and other distributions to shareholders.
(H) Consolidated tax allocation agreements.
(4) A pledge of the insurer's stock, including stock of a
subsidiary or controlling affiliate, for a loan made to a member of
the insurance holding company system.
(5) If requested by the commissioner, the insurer shall include
financial statements of or within an insurance holding company
system, including all affiliates. Financial statements may include,
but are not limited to, annual audited financial statements filed
with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
pursuant to the federal Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the
federal Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. An insurer
required to file financial statements pursuant to this paragraph may
satisfy the request by providing the commissioner with the most
recently filed parent corporation financial statements that have been
filed with the SEC.
(6) Statements that the insurer's board of directors is
responsible for and oversees corporate governance and internal
controls and that the insurer's officers or senior management have
approved, implemented, and continue to maintain and monitor corporate
governance and internal control procedures.
(5)
(7) Other matters as may be included in registration
forms adopted by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners,
to the extent otherwise required by the commissioner.
(c) All registration statements shall contain a summary outlining
all items in the current registration statement that are changes from
the prior registration statement.
(d) No information need be disclosed on the registration statement
filed pursuant to subdivision (b) of this section if the information
is not material for the purposes of this section. Unless the
commissioner provides otherwise, sales, purchases, exchanges, loans
or extensions of credit, investments, or guarantees involving
one-half of 1 percent or less of an insurer's admitted assets as of
the preceding December 31st, are not deemed material for purposes of
this section.
(e) Each registered insurer shall keep current the information
required to be disclosed in its registration statement by reporting
all material changes or additions within 15 days after the end of the
month in which it learns of each change or addition.
(f) Subject to subdivision (g) of Section 1215.5, each registered
insurer shall report all dividends and other distributions to
shareholders within five business days following declaration. No
dividend or other distribution to shareholders may be paid until at
least 10 business days after receipt by the commissioner, at the
office of the department prescribed by the commissioner by notice to
all insurers, of a notice of the declaration of the dividend or other
distribution.
(g) Every person in an insurance holding company system subject to
registration is required to provide the insurer with all information
reasonably necessary to enable the insurer to comply with the
provisions of this article.
(h) The commissioner shall terminate the registration of any
insurer that demonstrates that it no longer is a member of an
insurance holding company system.
(i) The commissioner may require or allow two or more affiliated
insurers subject to registration hereunder to file a consolidated
registration statement or consolidated reports amending their
consolidated registration statement or their individual registration
statements.
(j) The commissioner may allow any insurer that is authorized to
do business in this state that is part of an insurance holding
company system to register on behalf of any affiliated insurer that
is required to register under subdivision (a), and to file all
information and material required to be filed under this article.
(k) The provisions of this section do not apply to any insurer,
information, or transaction exempted by the commissioner.
(l) Any person may file with the commissioner a disclaimer of
affiliation with any authorized insurer. A disclaimer of affiliation
may be filed by an insurer or any member of an insurance holding
company system. The disclaimer shall fully disclose all material
relationships and bases for affiliation between the person and the
insurer, as well as the basis for disclaiming an affiliation. After a
disclaimer has been filed, the insurer is relieved of any duty to
register or report under this section that may arise out of the
insurer's relationship with the disclaimed person unless and until
the commissioner disallows the disclaimer. The commissioner shall
disallow the disclaimer only after furnishing all parties in interest
with notice and opportunity to be heard and after making specific
findings of fact to support the disallowance. If the
commissioner at any time determines that the information disclosed in
the disclaimer is incomplete or inaccurate , the
commissioner may disallow the disclaimer.
(m) The ultimate controlling person of every insurer subject to
registration shall also file an annual enterprise risk report. The
report shall, to the best of the ultimate controlling person's
knowledge and belief, identify the material risks within the
insurance holding company system that could pose enterprise risk to
the insurer. The report shall be filed with the lead state
commissioner of another state, when applicable, of the insurance
holding company system as determined by the procedures within the
Financial Analysis Handbook adopted by the National Association of
Insurance Commissioners, and with the commissioner if the insurance
holding company system has an insurer domiciled in this state.
(m)
(n) The failure to file a registration statement,
summary thereof, amendment to the statement, or report of dividend
required by this section within the time specified for the filing is
a violation of this article.
SEC. 4. Section 1215.5 of the Insurance Code is amended to read:
1215.5. (a) Transactions by registered insurers with their
affiliates are subject to the following standards:
(1) The terms shall be fair and reasonable.
(2) Charges or fees for services performed shall be reasonable.
(3) Expenses incurred and payment received shall be allocated to
the insurer in conformity with customary insurance accounting
practices consistently applied.
(4) The books, accounts, and records of each party to all
transactions shall be so maintained as to clearly and accurately
disclose the precise nature and details of the transactions,
including accounting information that is necessary to support the
reasonableness of the charges or fees to the parties.
(5) The insurer's policyholder's surplus following any dividends
or distributions to shareholder affiliates shall be reasonable in
relation to the insurer's outstanding liabilities and adequate to its
financial needs.
(b) The following transactions involving a domestic insurer or
commercially domiciled insurer, as defined in Section
1215.13 1215.14 , and any person in its
insurance holding company
system, including amendments or modifications of
affiliate agreements previously filed pursuant to this section,
may be entered into only if the insurer has notified the
commissioner in writing of its intention to enter into the
transaction at least 30 days prior thereto, or a shorter period as
the commissioner may permit, and the commissioner has not disapproved
it within that period. The notice for amendments or
modifications shall include the reasons for the change and the
financial impact on the domestic insurer or commercially domiciled
insurer. Informal notice shall be reported, within 30 days after a
termination of a previously filed agreement, to the commissioner for
determination of the type of filing required, if any. The
commissioner shall require the payment of one thousand eight hundred
eighty-nine dollars ($1,889) as a fee for filings under this
subdivision. The payment shall accompany the filing.
(1) Sales, purchases, exchanges, loans, extensions of credit, or
investments, if the transactions are equal to or exceed:
(A) For a nonlife insurer, the lesser of 3 percent of the insurer'
s admitted assets or 25 percent of the policyholder's surplus as of
the preceding December 31st.
(B) For a life insurer, 3 percent of the insurer's admitted assets
as of the preceding December 31st.
(2) Loans or extensions of credit to a person who is not an
affiliate, if made with the agreement or understanding that the
proceeds of the transactions, in whole or in substantial part, are to
be used to make loans or extensions of credit to, to purchase assets
of, or to make investments in, any affiliate of the insurer, if the
transactions are equal to or exceed:
(A) For a nonlife insurer, the lesser of 3 percent of the insurer'
s admitted assets or 25 percent of the policyholder's surplus as of
the preceding December 31st.
(B) For a life insurer, 3 percent of the insurer's admitted assets
as of the preceding December 31st.
(3) Reinsurance agreements or and pooling
agreements and modifications thereto in which the
reinsurance premium or a change in the insurer's liabilities ,
or the projected reinsurance premium or a change in the insurer's
liabilities in any of the next three years, equals or exceeds 5
percent of the insurer's policyholder's surplus, as of the preceding
December 31st, including those agreements that may require as
consideration the transfer of assets from an insurer to a
nonaffiliate, if an agreement or understanding exists between the
insurer and nonaffiliate that any portion of the assets will be
transferred to one or more affiliates of the insurer.
(4) All management agreements, service contracts, tax sharing
agreements, and cost-sharing arrangements. However, subscription
agreements or powers of attorney executed by subscribers of a
reciprocal or interinsurance exchange are not required to be reported
pursuant to this section if the form of the agreement was in use
before 1943 and was not amended in any way to modify payments, fees,
or waivers of fees or otherwise substantially amended after 1943.
Payment or waiver of fees or other amounts due under subscription
agreements or powers of attorney forms that were in use before 1943
and that have not been amended in any way to modify payments, fees,
or waiver of fees, or otherwise substantially amended after 1943
shall not be subject to regulation pursuant to paragraph (2) of
subdivision (a).
(5) Guarantees when initiated or made by a domestic or
commercially domiciled insurer, provided that a guarantee that is
quantifiable as to amount is not subject to the notice requirements
of this paragraph unless it exceeds the lesser of one-half of 1
percent of the insurer's admitted assets or 10 percent of surplus as
regards policyholders as of the 31st day of December next preceding.
Further, all guarantees that are not quantifiable as to amount are
subject to the notice requirements of this paragraph.
(6) Derivative transactions or series of derivative transactions.
The written filing to the commissioner shall include the type or
types of derivative transactions, the affiliate or affiliates
engaging with the insurer in the derivative transactions, the
objective and the rationale for the derivative transaction or series
of derivative transactions, the maximum maturity and economic effect
of the derivative transactions, and any other information required by
the commissioner. Derivative transactions entered into pursuant to
this subdivision shall comply with the provisions of Section 1211.
(7) Direct or indirect acquisitions or investments in a person
that controls the insurer or in an affiliate of the insurer in an
amount that, together with its present holdings in those investments,
exceeds 2.5 percent of the insurer's policyholder's surplus. Direct
or indirect acquisitions or investments in subsidiaries acquired
under Section 1215.1, or in nonsubsidiary insurance affiliates that
are subject to the provisions of this article, or in subsidiaries
acquired pursuant to Section 1199, are exempt from this requirement.
(8) Any material transactions, specified by regulation, that the
commissioner determines may adversely affect the interests of the
insurer's policyholders.
(c) A domestic insurer may not enter into transactions that are
part of a plan or series of transactions with persons within the
holding company system if the purpose of those transactions is to
avoid the statutory threshold amount and thus avoid review. If the
commissioner determines that separate transactions were entered into
over any 12-month period to avoid review, the commissioner may
exercise his or her authority under Section 1215.10
1215.11 .
(d) The commissioner, in reviewing transactions under subdivision
(b), shall consider whether the transactions comply with the
standards set forth in subdivision (a) and whether they may adversely
affect the interests of policyholders.
(e) The commissioner shall be notified within 30 days of any
investment by the insurer in any one corporation if the total
investment in the corporation by the insurance holding company system
exceeds 10 percent of the corporation's voting securities.
(f) For purposes of this article, in determining whether an
insurer's policyholder's surplus is reasonable in relation to the
insurer's outstanding liabilities and adequate to its financial
needs, the following factors, among others, shall be considered:
(1) The size of the insurer, as measured by its assets, capital
and surplus, reserves, premium writings, insurance in force, and
other appropriate criteria.
(2) The extent to which the insurer's business is diversified
among the several lines of insurance.
(3) The number and size of risks insured in each line of business.
(4) The extent of the geographical dispersion of the insurer's
insured risks.
(5) The nature and extent of the insurer's reinsurance program.
(6) The quality, diversification, and liquidity of the insurer's
investment portfolio.
(7) The recent past and projected future trend in the size of the
insurer's investment portfolio.
(8) The recent past and projected future trend in the size of the
insurer's surplus, and the policyholder's surplus maintained by other
comparable insurers.
(9) The adequacy of the insurer's reserves.
(10) The quality and liquidity of investments in subsidiaries made
under Section 1215.1. The commissioner may treat any such investment
as a disallowed asset for purposes of determining the adequacy of
the policyholder's surplus whenever, in his or her judgment, the
investment so warrants.
(11) The quality of the company's earnings and the extent to which
the reported earnings include extraordinary accounting items.
(g) No insurer subject to registration under Section 1215.4 shall
pay any extraordinary dividend or make any other extraordinary
distribution to its stockholders until 30 days after the commissioner
has received notice of the declaration thereof and has approved the
payment or has not, within the 30-day period, disapproved the
payment.
For purposes of this section, an extraordinary dividend or
distribution is any dividend or distribution which, together with
other dividends or distributions made within the preceding 12 months,
exceeds the greater of (1) 10 percent of the insurer's policyholder'
s surplus as of the preceding December 31st, or (2) the net gain from
operations of the insurer, if the insurer is a life insurer, or the
net income, if the insurer is not a life insurer, for the 12-month
period ending the preceding December 31st.
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an insurer may declare
an extraordinary dividend or distribution that is conditional upon
the commissioner's approval. The declaration confers no rights upon
stockholders until the commissioner has approved the payment of the
dividend or distribution or until the commissioner has not
disapproved the payment within the 30-day period referred to in this
subdivision.
(h) Notwithstanding the control of a domestic insurer by any
person, the officers and directors of the insurer shall not thereby
be relieved of any obligation or liability to which they would
otherwise be subject to by law, and the insurer shall be managed to
ensure its separate operating identity consistent with the provisions
of this article. However, nothing in this article shall preclude a
domestic insurer from having or sharing a common management or
cooperative or joint use of personnel, property, or services with one
or more other persons under arrangements meeting the standards of
subdivision (a).
(i) The provisions of this section do not apply to any insurer,
information, or transaction exempted by the commissioner.
SEC. 5. Section 1215.6 of the Insurance Code is amended to read:
1215.6. (a) Subject to the limitation contained in this section,
and in addition to the powers which the commissioner has under
Article 4 (commencing with Section 730) of Chapter 1 of this part
relating to the examination of insurers, the commissioner shall also
have the power to examine any insurer registered under Section
1215.4 to ascertain the enterprise risk to which the insurer is
subjected by the ultimate controlling party, or by any entity or
combination of entities within the insurance holding company system,
or by the insurance holding company system on a consolidated basis.
The commissioner may also order any insurer registered under
Section 1215.4 to produce such records, books, or other information
or papers in the possession of the insurer or its affiliates ,
including a report on the enterprise risk to the insurer by the
ultimate controlling party, or by any entity or combination of
entities within the insurance holding company system, or by the
insurance holding company system on a consolidated basis, as
shall be necessary to ascertain the financial condition or legality
of conduct of such insurer.
(b) The commissioner shall exercise his power under subdivision
(a) only if the examination of the insurer under Article 4
(commencing with Section 730) of Chapter 1 of this part is inadequate
or the interests of the policyholders of such insurer are being
adversely affected.
(c) The commissioner may retain at the registered insurer's
expense such attorneys, actuaries, accountants, and other experts not
otherwise a part of the commissioner's staff as shall be reasonably
necessary to assist in the conduct of the examination under
subdivision (a) of this section. Any persons so retained shall be
under the direction and control of the commissioner and shall act in
a purely advisory capacity.
(d) Each registered insurer producing for examination records,
books, and papers pursuant to subdivision (a) of this section shall
be liable for, and shall pay the expense of, such examination in
accordance with Section 736 of this code.
SEC. 6. Section 1215.7 is added to the Insurance Code, to read:
1215.7. (a) With respect to any insurer registered under Section
1215.4, and in accordance with subdivision (c), the commissioner
shall also have the power to participate in a supervisory college for
any domestic insurer that is part of an insurance holding company
system with international operations in order to determine compliance
by the insurer with this article. The powers of the commissioner
with respect to supervisory colleges include, but are not limited to,
the following:
(1) Initiating the establishment of a supervisory college.
(2) Clarifying the membership and participation of other
supervisors in the supervisory college.
(3) Clarifying the functions of the supervisory college and the
role of other regulators, including the establishment of a groupwide
supervisor.
(4) Coordinating the ongoing activities of the supervisory
college, including planning meetings, supervisory activities, and
processes for information sharing.
(5) Establishing a crisis management plan.
(b) In order to assess the business strategy, financial position,
legal and regulatory position, risk exposure, risk management, and
governance processes, and as part of the examination of individual
insurers in accordance with Section 1215.6, the commissioner may
participate in a supervisory college with other regulators charged
with supervision of the insurer or its affiliates, including other
state, federal, and international regulatory agencies. The
commissioner may enter into agreements in accordance with subdivision
(b) of Section 1215.8 providing the basis for cooperation between
the commissioner and the other regulatory agencies, and the
activities of the supervisory college. Nothing in this section shall
delegate to the supervisory college the authority of the commissioner
to regulate or supervise the insurer or its affiliates within its
jurisdiction.
SEC. 7. Section 1215.7 of the Insurance Code is amended and
renumbered to read:
1215.7. 1215.8. (a)
All information, documents and copies thereof obtained by or
disclosed to the commissioner or any other person in the course of an
examination or investigation made pursuant to Section
Sections 1215.4 and 1215.5 , and all
information reported pursuant to Section 1215.4, shall be given
confidential treatment and shall not be subject to subpoena and shall
not be made public by the commissioner or any other person except to
insurance departments of other states without the prior written
consent of the insurance company to which it pertains, unless the
commissioner, after giving the insurer and its affiliates who would
be affected thereby notice and opportunity to be heard, determines
that the interests of policyholders, shareholders, or the public will
be served by the publication thereof, in which event he or she
may publish all or any part thereof in such
a manner as he or she may deem appropriate.
(b) In order to assist in the performance of the commissioner's
duties, the commissioner:
(1) May, upon request, be required to share documents, materials,
or other information, including the confidential and privileged
documents, materials, or information subject to subdivision (a), with
other state, federal, and international regulatory agencies, with
the NAIC and its affiliates and subsidiaries, and with state,
federal, and international law enforcement authorities, including
members of any supervisory college described in Section 1215.7;
provided that the recipient agrees in writing to maintain the
confidentiality and privileged status of the documents, materials, or
other information, and has verified in writing the legal authority
to maintain confidentiality.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the commissioner may only share
confidential and privileged documents, material, or information
reported pursuant to subdivision (m) of Section 1215.4 with
commissioners of states having statutes or regulations substantially
similar to subdivision (a) and who have agreed in writing not to
disclose the information.
(3) May receive documents, materials, or information, including
otherwise confidential and privileged documents, materials, or
information, from the NAIC and its affiliates and subsidiaries and
from regulatory and law enforcement officials of other foreign or
domestic jurisdictions, and shall maintain as confidential or
privileged any documents, materials, or information received with
notice or the understanding that it is confidential or privileged
under the laws of the jurisdiction that is the source of the
documents, materials, or information.
(4) May enter into written agreements with the NAIC governing
sharing and use of information provided pursuant to this subdivision
consistent with this subdivision that shall do the following:
(A) Specify procedures and protocols regarding the confidentiality
and security of information shared with the NAIC and its affiliates
and subsidiaries pursuant to this subdivision, including procedures
and protocols for sharing by the NAIC with other state, federal, or
international regulators.
(B) Specify that ownership of information shared with the NAIC and
its affiliates and subsidiaries pursuant to this subdivision remains
with the commissioner and the NAIC's use of the information is
subject to the direction of the commissioner.
(C) Require prompt notice to be given to an insurer whose
confidential information in the possession of the NAIC pursuant to
this subdivision is subject to a request or subpoena to the NAIC for
disclosure or production.
(D) Require the NAIC and its affiliates and subsidiaries to
consent to intervention by an insurer in any judicial or
administrative action in which the NAIC and its affiliates and
subsidiaries may be required to disclose confidential information
about the insurer shared with the NAIC and its affiliates and
subsidiaries pursuant to this subdivision.
(c) The sharing of information by the commissioner pursuant to
this subdivision shall not constitute a delegation of regulatory
authority or rulemaking, and the commissioner is solely responsible
for the administration, execution, and enforcement of the provisions
of this article.
(d) No waiver of any applicable privilege or claim of
confidentiality in the documents, materials, or information shall
occur as a result of disclosure to the commissioner under this
section or as a result of sharing as authorized in subdivision (c).
(e) Documents, materials, or other information filed in the
possession or control of the NAIC pursuant to this subdivision shall
be confidential by law and privileged, shall not be subject to
subpoena, and shall not be subject to discovery or admissible in
evidence in any private civil action.
SEC. 8. Section 1215.8 of the Insurance Code is amended and
renumbered to read:
1215.8. 1215.9. The commissioner
may, upon notice and opportunity for all interested persons to be
heard, issue such rules, regulations, and orders as shall be
necessary to carry out the provisions of this article.
SEC. 9. Section 1215.9 of the Insurance Code is amended and
renumbered to read:
1215.9. 1215.10. (a) Whenever it
appears to the commissioner that any insurer or any director,
officer, employee, or agent thereof has committed or is about to
commit a violation of this article or of any rule, regulation, or
order issued by the commissioner hereunder, the commissioner may
apply to the superior court for the county in which the principal
office of the insurer is located, or if such insurer has no such
office in this state, then to the Superior Court for the County of
Los Angeles, or for the City and County of San Francisco, for an
order enjoining such insurer or such director, officer, employee, or
agent thereof from violating or continuing to violate this article or
any such rule, regulation, or order, and for such other equitable
relief as the nature of the case and the interests of the insurer's
policyholders, creditors, and shareholders or the public may require.
(b) No security which is the subject of any agreement or
arrangement regarding acquisition, or which is acquired or to be
acquired in contravention of the provisions of this article or of any
rule, regulation, or order issued by the commissioner hereunder, may
be voted at any shareholders' meeting, or may be counted for quorum
purposes, and any action of shareholders requiring the vote of an
affirmative percentage of shares may be taken as though such
securities were not issued and outstanding. If an insurer or the
commissioner has reason to believe that any security of the insurer
has been or is about to be acquired in contravention of the
provisions of this article or of any rule, regulation, or order
issued by the commissioner hereunder, the insurer or the commissioner
may apply to the Superior Court for the County of Los Angeles or for
the City and County of San Francisco or to the superior court for
the county in which the insurer has its principal place of business
for equitable relief to enjoin the voting of any such security or to
void any vote of such security already cast, at any meeting of
shareholders.
SEC. 10. Section 1215.10 of the Insurance Code is amended and
renumbered to read:
1215.10. 1215.11. (a) Any insurer
that fails to file a statement, report, or request for approval
required by this article in a timely manner shall be subject to the
late filing fees set forth in Section 924.
(b) Every director or officer of an insurance holding company
system who knowingly violates, participates in, or assents to, or who
knowingly permits any of the officers or agents of the insurer to
engage in transactions or make investments which have not been
properly reported or submitted pursuant to Sections 1215.4 and
1215.5, or which violate this article, shall pay, in their individual
capacity, a civil forfeiture of not more than fifty thousand dollars
($50,000) per violation, after notice and hearing before the
commissioner. In determining the amount of the civil forfeiture, the
commissioner shall take into account the appropriateness of the
forfeiture with respect to the gravity of the violation, the history
of previous violations, and any other matters as justice may require.
(c) Whenever it appears to the commissioner that any insurer
subject to this article or any director, officer, employee, or agent
thereof has engaged in any transaction or entered into a contract
which is subject to Section 1215.5 and which would not have been
approved had approval been requested, the commissioner may order the
insurer to cease and desist immediately any further activity under
that transaction or contract. After notice and hearing the
commissioner may also order the insurer to void any contracts and
restore the status quo if this action is in the best interest of the
policyholders, creditors, or the public.
(d) Whenever it appears to the commissioner that any insurer or
any director, officer, employee or agent thereof has committed a
willful violation of this article, the commissioner may cause
criminal proceedings to be instituted in the county in which the
principal office of the insurer is located, or if such insurer has no
such office in the state then by the Attorney General against such
insurer or the responsible director, officer, employee, or agent
thereof. Any insurer which willfully violates this article shall be
fined not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000). Any individual
who willfully violates this article shall be fined not more than
three thousand dollars ($3,000) or, if such willful violation
involves the deliberate perpetration of a fraud upon the
commissioner, imprisoned pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170
of the Penal Code, or both.
(e) Whenever it appears to the commissioner that any person has
committed a violation of Section 1215.4 that prevents the full
understanding of the enterprise risk to the insurer by affiliates or
by the insurance holding company system, the violation may serve as
an independent basis for disapproving dividends or distributions or
for placing the insurer under an order of supervision in accordance
with Article 14 (commencing with Section 1010) of Chapter 1.
(e)
(f) Any officer, director, or employee of an insurance
holding company system who willfully and knowingly subscribes to or
makes or causes to be made any materially false statements, reports,
or filings with the intent to deceive the commissioner in the
performance of his or her duties under this article, upon conviction
thereof, shall be fined not more than three thousand dollars ($3,000)
or, if the willful violation of this subdivision involves the
deliberate perpetration of a fraud upon the commissioner, imprisoned
pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 of the Penal Code, or
both that imprisonment and fine. Any fines imposed shall be paid by
the officer, director, or employee in his or her individual capacity.
SEC. 11. Section 1215.11 of the Insurance Code is amended and
renumbered to read:
1215.11. 1215.12. Whenever it
appears to the commissioner that any person has committed a violation
of this article which so impairs the financial condition of a
domestic insurer as to threaten insolvency or make the further
transaction of business by it hazardous to its policyholders,
creditors, shareholders, or the public, then the commissioner may
proceed as provided in Article 14 (commencing with Section 1010) of
Chapter 1 of this part to take possession of the property of
such the domestic insurer and to conduct the
business thereof.
SEC. 12. Section 1215.12 of the Insurance Code is amended and
renumbered to read:
1215.12. 1215.13. Whenever it
appears to the commissioner that any person has committed a violation
of this article which makes the continued operation of an insurer
contrary to the interests of policyholders or the public, the
commissioner may, after giving notice and an opportunity to be heard,
suspend, revoke, or
refuse to renew such that insurer's
license or authority to do business in this state for such
the period as that
he or she finds is required for the protection of
policyholders or the public.
SEC. 13. Section 1215.13 of the Insurance Code is amended and
renumbered to read:
1215.13. 1215.14. (a) For the
purposes of this article only, every foreign insurer, except an
insurer described in Article 2 (commencing with Section 12350) of
Chapter 1 of Part 6 of Division 2, that is authorized to do business
in this state and that, during its three preceding fiscal years taken
together, or during any lesser period of time if it has been
licensed to transact its business in California only for such lesser
period of time, has written an average of more direct premiums in the
State of California than it has written in its state of domicile
during the same period, and those direct premiums written constitute
33 percent or more of its total direct premiums written everywhere in
the United States for that three-year or lesser period, as reported
in its three most recent annual statements, shall be deemed a
"commercially domiciled insurer" within the State of California.
(b) The commissioner may exempt from the provisions of this
article any commercially domiciled insurer made subject to this
article by subdivision (a) if he or she determines that it has a
sufficiently large amount of assets and the evidences of title
thereto physically located in California, or that the ratio of those
assets to its California policyholder liability is sufficiently
large, as to justify the conclusion that there is no reasonable
danger that the operations or conduct of the business of the insurer
could present a danger of loss to California policyholders. The
commissioner may also exempt from the provisions of this article any
commercially domiciled insurer made subject to this article by
subdivision (a) under the circumstances that he or she deems
appropriate.
(c) This section does not exempt any foreign insurer that is
authorized to do business in this state, including a commercially
domiciled insurer, from the provisions of any other sections of this
article that may be applicable to the insurer.
SEC. 14. Section 1215.13½ of the Insurance Code is amended and
renumbered to read:
1215.13½. 1215.15. (a) The
provisions of this article shall not apply to any party or entity
participating in any investment by a home protection company in its
subsidiary or affiliate or any debt or security instruments thereof,
an effectuation or attempt to effectuate an acquisition of control or
a liquidation of, or merger with, a home protection company, or any
material transaction by a home protection company with its affiliate
if such the investment, effectuation,
attempt or transaction occurred prior to December 31, 1978.
(b) The registration required by Section 1215.4 shall first be
applicable to home protection companies who are members of an
insurance holding company system on January 1, 1980.
SEC. 15. Section 1215.14 of the Insurance Code is amended and
renumbered to read:
1215.14. 1215.16. All laws and
parts of laws of this state inconsistent with this article are hereby
superseded with respect to matters covered by this article.
SEC. 16. Section 1215.15 of the Insurance Code is amended and
renumbered to read:
1215.15. 1215.17. If any provision
of this article or the application thereof to any person or
circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity shall not affect other
provisions or applications of this article which can be given effect
without the invalid provision or application, and for this purpose
the provisions of this article are separable.
SEC. 17. Section 1215.16 of the Insurance Code is amended and
renumbered to read:
1215.16. 1215.18. (a) If an order
for liquidation or rehabilitation of a domestic insurer has been
entered, the receiver appointed under that order shall have a right
to recover on behalf of the insurer (1) from any parent corporation
or holding company or person or affiliate who otherwise controlled
the insurer, the amount of distributions other than distributions of
shares of the same class of stock paid by the insurer on its capital
stock, or (2) any payment in the form of a bonus, termination
settlement, or extraordinary lump sum salary adjustment made by the
insurer or its subsidiary to a director, officer, or employee, where
the distribution or payment pursuant to (1) or (2) is made at any
time during the one year preceding the petition for liquidation,
conservation, or rehabilitation, as the case may be, subject to the
limitations of subdivisions (b), (c), and (d).
(b) No distribution shall be recoverable if the parent or
affiliate shows that when paid the distribution was lawful and
reasonable, and that the insurer did not know and could not
reasonably have known that the distribution might adversely affect
the ability of the insurer to fulfill its contractual obligations.
(c) Any person who was a parent corporation or holding company or
a person who otherwise controlled the insurer or affiliate at the
time the distributions were paid shall be liable up to the amount of
distributions or payments under subdivision (a) that the person
received. Any person who otherwise controlled the insurer at the time
the distributions were declared shall be liable up to the amount of
distributions he or she would have received if they had been paid
immediately. If two or more persons are liable with respect to the
same distributions, they shall be jointly and severally liable.
(d) The maximum amount recoverable under this section shall be the
amount needed in excess of all other available assets of the
impaired or insolvent insurer to pay the contractual obligations of
the impaired or insolvent insurer and to reimburse any guaranty
funds.
(e) To the extent that any person liable under subdivision (c) is
insolvent or otherwise fails to pay claims due from it pursuant to
that subdivision, its parent corporation or holding company or person
who otherwise controlled it at the time the distribution was paid,
shall be jointly and severally liable for any resulting deficiency in
the amount recovered from the parent corporation or holding company
or person who otherwise controlled it.
SEC. 18. No reimbursement is required by this act pursuant to
Section 6 of Article XIII B of the California Constitution because
the only costs that may be incurred by a local agency or school
district will be incurred because this act creates a new crime or
infraction, eliminates a crime or infraction, or changes the penalty
for a crime or infraction, within the meaning of Section 17556 of the
Government Code, or changes the definition of a crime within the
meaning of Section 6 of Article XIII B of the California
Constitution.