BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  ACA 1 X2
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          (  Without Reference to File  )
           
          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          ACA 1 X2 (John A. Pérez)
          As Amended  May 12, 2014
          2/3 vote 

           BUDGET X2           9-0                                         
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Skinner, Gorell, Bloom,   |     |                          |
          |     |Chávez, Daly, Harkey,     |     |                          |
          |     |Jones-Sawyer, Muratsuchi, |     |                          |
          |     |Weber                     |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Makes changes to the state's budget reserve policy.   
          Specifically,  this constitutional amendment  :   

             1)   Removes ACA 4 (Gatto), Resolution Chapter 174, Statutes  
               of 2010, from the 2014 General Election ballot.

             2)   Doubles the size of the Budget Stabilization Account  
               (BSA) from 5% of the General Fund (or $8 billion, whichever  
               is greater) to 10% of the General Fund.

             3)   Eliminates the current 3% of General Fund revenues  
               contribution to the BSA.

             4)   Requires, for fiscal years 2015-16 through 2029-30, half  
               of the amounts listed below to be deposited into the BSA  
               and the other half to be appropriated for specified debt  
               obligations.  Beginning in 2030-31 up to 50% of the amounts  
               may be used for specified debt obligations, with the  
               balance deposited into the BSA.

             a)   1.5% of General Fund revenues.

             b)   Revenues not required for Proposition 98 of 1988 that  
               are derived from taxes on Capital Gains that make up more  
               than 8% of total General Fund revenues.  Calculations  
               regarding capital gains calculations will be "trued-up"  
               over the following two fiscal years.








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             c)   Specifies that the transfer of revenue to the BSA would  
               take place on October 1st.


             d)   Defines eligible debt obligations as current Proposition  
               98 settle up, existing General Fund loans that had balances  
               on January 1, 2014, prior year mandated costs, and unfunded  
               retirement liabilities.

             5)   Limits suspensions of transfers into the BSA and  
               withdrawals from the BSA to the following circumstances:

             a)   A disaster, as currently defined in Article XII B of the  
               California Constitution.

             b)   Insufficient revenues to fund the budget at the level of  
               the highest previous three years, adjusted for populations  
               and inflation.  The suspension/withdrawal is limited to the  
               amount needed to reach that level.


             c)   Restricts the amount of funding that can be transferred  
               from the BSA to the General Fund to 50% of the BSA's  
               balance, unless a transfer was made in the prior year.

             6)   Restricts, once the BSA reaches 10%, the use of any  
               funds that otherwise would be deposited into the BSA  
               infrastructure appropriations, including deferred  
               maintenance.
                  
              7)   Creates a Proposition 98 Reserve, called the Public  
               School System Stabilization Account,  which would capture  
               certain revenues derived from taxes Capital Gains and  
               attributed to Proposition 98 purposes in very specific  
               circumstances:

             a)   The state must have repaid and allocated the entire  
               Proposition 98 Maintenance Factor amount before a transfer  
               could be made.

             b)   The state must be in a Test 1 level of Proposition 98  
               and the transfer can be no more than the difference between  








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               the Test 1 and Test 2 levels of Proposition 98.


             c)   The state cannot be accruing Proposition 98 Maintenance  
               Factor or have suspended Proposition 98 in a year when the  
               transfer is made.


             d)   If these conditions are met, Proposition 98's share of  
               revenues derived from capital gains that are above 8% of  
               the total General Fund are transferred into the Proposition  
               98 reserve.


             e)   These funds would be used to fund Proposition 98 Growth  
               and Cost of Living Adjustments in years when there is a  
               decline in Proposition 98.


             f)   Transferred funds would be considered part of the  
               Proposition 98 calculation.

             8)   Requires the Department of Finance to submit five-year  
               General Fund revenue and expenditure projections as part  
               the budget submission.  This places a current statutory  
               requirement into the California Constitution.

             9)   Requires the display of the calculations for this  
               measure and the overall balance of the BSA in the Budget  
               Act.

           EXISTING LAW  :  Article XVI of the California Constitution  
          includes language related to Proposition 58 of 2004 which  
          established the Budget Stabilization Act and includes and  
          optional transfer of 3% of overall General Fund revenues, which  
          can be suspended by the Governor.  This language caps the size  
          of the BSA at 5% of the General Fund (or $8 billion, whichever  
          is greater).

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Compared with current Constitutional  
          requirements, this measure will result in bigger BSA  
          contributions and debt payment obligations during "boom" years  
          and smaller contributions during ordinary years.  In the 2014-15  
          May Revision, the Department of Finance provided the following  








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          estimates of the transfers and debt repayments for the first  
          three fiscal years that this new measure would be in effect:


           ---------------------------------------------------------- 
          | Calculation of Rainy Day Amounts at 2014-15 May Revision |
           ---------------------------------------------------------- 
          |---------------------------------+--------+------+-------|
          |                                 |2015-16 |2016-1|2017-18|
          |                                 |        |7     |       |
          |---------------------------------+--------+------+-------|
          |Annual 1.5% General Fund Revenue | $1,698 |      |       |
          |Transfer                         |        |$1,773 |$1,854 |
          |---------------------------------+--------+------+-------|
          |Capital Gains Tax Revenue above  | $174   | $233 | $341  |
          |8% of Total General Fund         |        |      |       |
          |Revenues                         |        |      |       |
          |---------------------------------+--------+------+-------|
          |Total Rainy Day Fund Amount      | $1,872 |      | $     |
          |                                 |        |$2,005 |2,195  |
          |---------------------------------+--------+------+-------|
          |                                 |        |      |       |
          |---------------------------------+--------+------+-------|
          |Debt Repayment                   | $936   |      |       |
          |                                 |        |$1,003 |$1,097 |
          |---------------------------------+--------+------+-------|
          |Deposit to Budget Stabilization  | $936   |      | $     |
          |Account                          |        |$1,003 |1,097  |
          |                                 |        |      |       |
           --------------------------------------------------------- 
           
          COMMENTS  :  This constitutional amendment responds to two  
          critical problems that have plagued California's budget for  
          decades:

             1)   Revenue Volatility.  California's revenue system is  
               notoriously volatile.  This results in large part from  
               reliance on income tax.  While income tax rates are not  
               dramatically progressive, the incomes of wealthy  
               Californians do fluctuate and therefore their income taxes  
               they pay also fluctuate.  

             2)   Inadequate Reserves.  Long term forecasts are always  
               difficult.  At times forecasts show balanced budgets as far  








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               as the eye can see, but reality often proves different.   
               Without strong reserves, unpredicted economic down turns  
               have ravished the state budget and caused draconian cuts to  
               programs and painful middle class tax increases.

          This constitutional amendment addresses these problems with the  
          following:

             1)   Stabilizes Spending.  This constitutional amendment  
               separates state spending from the rollercoaster of revenue  
               volatility.  This measure takes capital gains revenues that  
               make up more than 8% of the General Fund - the average for  
               the last 10 years - off the table rather than being used  
               for unsustainable permanent tax cuts or ongoing programs.   
               The spiking revenues (along with 1.5% of overall General  
               Fund revenues) will be used for debt payments and deposited  
               into the BSA, to be withdrawn during economic downturns to  
               avoid program cuts and middle class tax increases.

             2)   Increases the Reserve.  This constitutional amendment  
               doubles the size of the Constitutional Reserve to 10%,  
               which will provide increased protection against draconian  
               cuts to programs and painful middle class tax increases  
               during economic down turns.
           
           As a constitutional amendment, this measure requires the  
          approval of the voters to take effect.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Christian Griffith / BUDGET X2 / (916)  
          319-2099 


                                                                FN: 0003482