BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó




                                                                  AB 143
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          Date of Hearing:  April 1, 2013

                     ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON REVENUE AND TAXATION
                                Raul Bocanegra, Chair

                     AB 143 (Holden) - As Amended:  March 4, 2013

          Majority vote.  Tax levy.  Fiscal committee.  
           
          SUBJECT  :  Use taxes:  exemption:  Armed Forces:  National Guard:  
           transfer orders

           SUMMARY  :  Exempts from use tax qualified tangible personal  
          property (TPP) purchased by an active duty member of the Armed  
          Forces, the reserve components of the Armed Forces, or the  
          National Guard (collectively, 'servicemembers'), under specified  
          circumstances.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Exempts from use tax qualified TPP purchased outside  
            California by an active duty servicemember prior to the report  
            date on official orders transferring the servicemember to this  
            state, "or his or her spouse . . ."

          2)Excludes vehicles, vessels, and aircraft from the exemption.

          3)Provides that, notwithstanding existing law, the state shall  
            not reimburse local agencies for any use tax revenues lost as  
            a result of this exemption.

          4)Takes immediate effect as a tax levy.  However, this bill's  
            provisions shall only become operative on the first day of the  
            first calendar quarter beginning more than 90 days after the  
            bill's effective date.          

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Imposes a sales tax on retailers for the privilege of selling  
            TPP, absent a specific exemption.  The tax is based upon the  
            retailer's gross receipts from TPP sales in this state.

          2)Imposes a complementary use tax on the storage, use, or other  
            consumption in this state of TPP purchased from any retailer.   
            The use tax is imposed on the purchaser, and unless the  
            purchaser pays the use tax to a retailer registered to collect  
            the California use tax, the purchaser remains liable for the  









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            tax, unless the use is exempted.  The use tax is set at the  
            same rate as the state's sales tax and must generally be  
            remitted to the State Board of Equalization (BOE).<1>  

          3)Presumes that TPP shipped or brought to this state by the  
            purchaser was purchased for storage, use, or other consumption  
            in California.  

          4)Establishes a rebuttable presumption that any vehicle, vessel,  
            or aircraft purchased outside this state, which is brought  
            into California within 12 months of purchase, was acquired for  
            storage, use, or other consumption in this state and is  
            subject to use tax, as specified.  A member of the armed  
            services on active duty who purchases a vehicle before being  
            discharged is not subject to this presumption, however.  

          5)Allows a credit against the use tax to the extent that a  
            purchaser has paid a retail sales or use tax on the TPP in  
            another state, political subdivision thereof, or the District  
            of Columbia prior to the TPP's storage, use, or other  
            consumption in California.  
           
           FISCAL EFFECT  :  The BOE estimates that this bill's revenue  
          impact would be "insignificant."  

           COMMENTS  :   

          1)The author has provided the following statement in support of  
            this bill:

               Our brave men and women in the Armed Forces sacrifice every  
               day to protect and defend the United States of America.  In  
               the recent two wars, over two million American military  
               personnel have been called to serve in Afghanistan and  
               Iraq, and more than 40 percent of them have been deployed  
               more than once.  California is home to 12.9 [percent] of  
               the active duty members stationed in the United States.   
               Under current law, any purchases by an active duty member  
               of the military from an out-of-state retailer would be  
               subjected to Use Tax, if the military member were to be  
               redeployed to California within three months of purchase.   
               -------------------------
          <1> As an alternative to reporting use tax directly to the BOE,  
          existing law allows purchasers to report use tax on their state  
          personal income tax returns or their state corporation franchise  
          or income tax returns.  








                                                                  AB 143
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               AB 143 would exempt active military members who are  
               transferring into California on official military business.  
                It is commonsense legislation that will alleviate [an]  
               unnecessary tax burden on our active military members.  

          2)Proponents state that, "We feel that this is an awesome step  
            forward in continuing a tradition of ensuring that our active  
            duty military personnel are not given any undue burden as a  
            result of the circumstances beyond their control."

           3)Committee Staff Comments  :

              a)   What is a "tax expenditure"?  :  Existing law provides  
               various credits, deductions, exclusions, and exemptions for  
               particular taxpayer groups.  In the late 1960s, United  
               States Treasury officials began arguing that these features  
               of the tax law should be referred to as "expenditures,"  
               since they are generally enacted to accomplish some  
               governmental purpose and there is a determinable cost  
               associated with each (in the form of foregone revenues).   
               This bill would establish a new tax expenditure in the form  
               of a use tax exemption for certain TPP purchased by active  
               duty servicemembers. 

              b)   How is a tax expenditure different from a direct  
               expenditure?  :  As the Department of Finance notes in its  
               annual Tax Expenditure Report, there are several key  
               differences between tax expenditures and direct  
               expenditures.  First, tax expenditures are reviewed less  
               frequently than direct expenditures once they are put in  
               place.  This can offer taxpayers greater certainty, but it  
               can also result in tax expenditures remaining a part of the  
               tax code without demonstrating any public benefit.  Second,  
               there is generally no control over the amount of revenue  
               losses associated with any given tax expenditure. Finally,  
               it should also be noted that, once enacted, it generally  
               takes a two-thirds vote to rescind an existing tax  
               expenditure absent a sunset date.  This effectively results  
               in a "one-way ratchet" whereby tax expenditures can be  
               conferred by majority vote, but cannot be rescinded,  
               irrespective of their efficacy, without a supermajority  
               vote.  
              
              c)   Background on California's use tax  :  Existing law  
               regards TPP bought outside of California as purchased for  









                                                                  AB 143
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               use in this state (and therefore subject to use tax) if the  
               property's first functional use is in California.  Even  
               when the property's first functional use occurs outside  
               California, however, existing law nevertheless presumes  
               that it was purchased for use in this state if it is  
               brought into California within 90 days of purchase.<2>  
              
              d)   A solution in search of a problem?  :  As a result of the  
               90-day presumption outlined above, there could be  
               situations in which an active duty servicemember  
               technically incurs a use tax liability upon being  
               transferred to California.  For example, if a servicemember  
               purchased a television in Nevada within 90 days of being  
               transferred to California, and subsequently moved the  
               television to California, existing law would presume that  
               the television was purchased for use in this state.  It  
               should be noted, however, that the servicemember's  
               California use tax liability would be offset by the amount  
               of sales tax paid in Nevada.  The servicemember would then  
               be responsible for reporting this differential amount to  
               the state.  As a practical matter, the BOE's Sales and Use  
               Tax staff are unaware of any servicemembers being assessed  
               a use tax liability upon being transferred to California. 

              e)   Accepted amendments  :  The author has agreed to take  
               amendments in Committee to:  (1) clarify the bill's  
               language; (2) extend the exemption to registered domestic  
               partners of qualifying servicemembers; and (3) include a  
               sunset date after five years.  As amended, proposed Revenue  
               and Taxation Code Section 6412 would read as follows:
                
                     (a)         The storage, use, or other consumption in  
                      this state of qualified tangible personal property  
                      is exempt. 

                    (b)         For purposes of this section, "qualified  
                      tangible personal property" means tangible personal  
                      property purchased while outside this state by a  
                      qualified service member or a qualified service  
                      member's spouse or registered domestic partner prior  
                      to the report date on official orders transferring  
                      the qualified service member to this state.   

                    ----------------------
          <2> An exclusion exists for property used or stored outside  
          California one-half or more of the time during the six-month  
          period immediately following its entry into this state.  








                                                                  AB 143
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                      "Qualified tangible personal property" shall not  
                      include a vehicle, vessel, or aircraft.

                    (c)         For purposes of this section, "qualified  
                      service member" means a member of the Armed Forces  
                      of the United States on active duty, a member of  
                      reserve components of the Armed Forces of the United  
                      States on active duty, or a member of the National  
                      Guard on active duty.  

                    (d)         For purposes of this section, "registered  
                      domestic partner" means a person that meets the  
                      requirements of Section 297 of the Family Code, and  
                      includes a person in a union recognized as a valid  
                      domestic partnership as provided in Section 299.2 of  
                      the Family Code.  

                    (e)         This section shall remain in effect only  
                      until December 1, 2018, and as of that date is  
                      repealed.  

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          American Legion - Department of California
          AMVETS - Department of California
          California Association of County Veterans Service Officers
          California State Commanders Veterans Council
          State Board of Equalization
          State Board of Equalization Member George Runner
          Veterans Democratic Club of Sacramento County
          VFW - Department of California
          Vietnam Veterans of America - California State Council

           Opposition 
           
          None on file
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :  M. David Ruff / REV. & TAX. / (916)  
          319-2098 













                                                                  AB 143
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