BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 153
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 15, 2013

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                  Mike Gatto, Chair

                    AB 153 (Bonilla) - As Amended:  April 8, 2013

          Policy Committee:                              Natural  
          ResourcesVote:9-0

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          No     Reimbursable:              

           SUMMARY  

          This bill requires the Air Resources Board (ARB), on or before  
          January 1, 2015, to adopt a process for the review and  
          consideration of new offset protocols for compliance with the  
          California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006.   
           
          FISCAL EFFECT  

          1)One-time costs of several hundred thousand dollars to ARB in  
            2012-13 to develop the protocol review and approval process  
            (special fund).

          2)Ongoing costs in the range of $300,000 to ARB to implement the  
            program, maintain online resources and prepare mandated  
            reports (special fund).  

           COMMENTS  

           1)Rationale.   According to the author, cap-and-trade regulation  
            allows offset credits to be used by regulated parties to lower  
            the costs of compliance.   By requiring a robust regulatory  
            process, it is the author's intent that only high-quality  
            offset credits will be allowed for compliance with the cap-and  
            trade regulations.

           2)Background.   AB 32 (Núñez, Chapter 455, Statutes of 2006)  
            requires California to limit its emissions of GHGs so that by  
            2020, those emissions are equal to what they were in 1990. To  
            that end, AB 32 requires ARB to quantify the state's 1990 GHG  
            emissions and to adopt, by January 1, 2009, a scoping plan  
            that describes the board's plan for achieving the maximum  








                                                                  AB 153
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            technologically feasible and cost-effective reductions of GHG  
            emissions reductions by 2020.  ARB adopted its AB 32 scoping  
            plan in December of 2008.

            Consistent with AB 32, the scoping plan includes both direct  
            regulatory measures and market-based compliance mechanisms.  
            Direct regulatory requirements, such as efficiency and  
            emissions standards, account for over three-quarters of the  
            plan's GHG emissions reductions. 

            The remainder of the plan's GHG emissions reductions-about  
            20%-result from a cap-and-trade market in which regulated  
            emissions sources buy and sell credits that give the holder  
            the right to emit a quantity of GHGs.

            Offsets have the potential to result in a reduction in overall  
            GHGs, but at a cost that is lower than if only regulated  
            emissions sources directly realized those reductions  
            themselves.  Use of offsets, however, is controversial.  It  
            can be difficult to verify that offsets represent a real  
            reduction in GHG emissions and to verify that the emissions  
            reductions represented by the offset are truly  
            additional-meaning they would not have occurred absent the  
            payment made by the regulated emission source.  These  
            difficulties become more pronounced as the eligible geographic  
            location of potential offset projects is broadened.  In  
            addition, offsets allow an emissions source to avoid reducing  
            its own emissions, a fact that some find objectionable.

            On October 20, 2011 the ARB adopted Resolution 11-32 directing  
            the Executive Officer to develop implementation documents  
            laying out the process for review and consideration of new  
            offset protocols, including a description of how staff will  
            evaluate what is additional.
                      
           Analysis Prepared by  :    Jennifer Galehouse / APPR. / (916)  
          319-2081