BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 177
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 177 (V. Manuel Pérez)
          As Amended  January 27, 2014
          Majority vote 

           UTILITIES & COMMERCE               9-4              NATURAL  
          RESOURCES                     5-1                   
           
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          |Ayes:|Bradford, Bonilla,        |Ayes:|Chesbro, Garcia,          |
          |     |Buchanan, Fong, Garcia,   |     |Muratsuchi, Stone,        |
          |     |Roger Hernández, Mullin,  |     |Williams                  |
          |     |Rendon, Skinner           |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Patterson, Chávez, Beth   |Nays:|Patterson                 |
          |     |Gaines, Jones             |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           APPROPRIATIONS      11-0                                        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Gatto, Bocanegra,         |     |                          |
          |     |Bradford,                 |     |                          |
          |     |Ian Calderon, Campos,     |     |                          |
          |     |Eggman, Gomez, Holden,    |     |                          |
          |     |Pan,                      |     |                          |
          |     |Ridley-Thomas, Weber      |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  This bill requires the California Energy Commission  
          (CEC), in consultation with the California Public Utilities  
          Commission (PUC), the Natural Resources Agency and the Salton  
          Sea Authority, to solicit and consider recommendations regarding  
          development of renewable energy resources in the Salton Sea  
          area. Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires the CEC to convene a group of stakeholders to provide  
            advice and to hold workshops and public hearings to consider  
            recommendations, and to include its findings in the next  
            Integrated Energy Policy Report (IEPR).  

          2)States findings regarding renewable energy resources located  
            near the Salton Sea and state and local Salton Sea restoration  








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            efforts.

          3)Requires the California Public Utilities Commission to include  
            a value for renewable integration when authorizing electricity  
            procurement by electrical corporation.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee:

          1)Increased costs over a two-year period to the CEC potentially  
            in the $500,000 to $1 million range to convene the stakeholder  
            group, workshops and public hearings, and perform the analysis  
            required by the bill (Energy Resources Programs Account.)

          2)Unknown additional costs to the PUC to establish renewable  
            integration cost values.

           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Purpose  .  This bill provides a process led by the CEC to  
            analyze issues relevant to the development of Salton Sea  
            resources which may serve as a basis for future legislative  
            action and to require the California Public Utilities  
            Commission to include a value for renewable integration when  
            authorizing new electricity procurement by electrical  
            corporations.  
           
           2)Background  .  The Salton Sea, California's largest lake was  
            formed in 1905 when the Colorado River flooded its banks at a  
            faulty irrigation diversion site.  Restoration is necessary to  
            protect fish and wildlife habitat, preserve endangered species  
            and remediate the salinity caused by agricultural runoff.   
            Restoring the sea will help prevent future significant air  
            quality problems resulting from the shrinking sea.  The Salton  
            Sea is one of the most important wetland areas in the world  
            for shorebirds migrating along the Pacific Flyway.

            The Quantification Settlement Agreement (QSA) was a negotiated  
            settlement among the Imperial Irrigation District, The  
            Metropolitan District of Southern California, the Coachella  
            Water District, the San Diego Water Authority and the state to  
            settle claims to Colorado River water.  It provided a path for  
            the state to reduce its consumption of Colorado River water to  
            its 4.4 million acre foot entitlement.  In 2003, the  








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            Legislature enacted a package of QSA implementing bills  
            including a requirement to restore the Salton Sea.  Under the  
            QSA, the amount of water flowing into the Salton Sea will be  
            significantly reduced in 2017.  Without restoration efforts,  
            the environmental consequences of the reduced flows will be  
            significant to fish, wildlife, habitat and air quality.
             
             Subsequently, the County of Imperial and the Imperial  
            Irrigation District signed a Memorandum of Understanding  
            pledging mutual efforts to advance the development of  
            renewable resources and mineral extraction to provide a  
            funding source to assist the state in meeting its mitigation  
            and restoration obligations required by the QSA.  
           
            This bill requires the CEC to analyze the feasibility of  
            developing these resources and identify funding,  
            environmental, and other related issues.

           3)The Duck Chart  .  In 2013, the California Independent System  
            Operator (CAISO) released a graphic that is now known as "the  
            Duck Chart."  The Duck Chart provides an example of the  
            results of current policy direction and warns that California  
            may experience challenges with grid reliability due to a  
            convergence of policies that will result in closure of at  
            least some of the coastally-located gas power plants, the  
            closure of the San Onofre Nuclear Generation Station (SONGS),  
            the lack of transmission flexibility into the San Diego and  
            Southern Orange County regions, hourly demand forecasts, and  
            the performance characteristics of forecasted wind and solar  
            procurement facilities.

            Because wind and solar facilities can produce large upward  
            ramps of output and large downward ramps of output, without  
            predictability or advance warning (when the wind starts and  
            stops and the sun is blocked by weather conditions), the Duck  
            Chart demonstrates that if current procurement trends  
            continue, there may be added cost burdens and perhaps  
            reliability challenges in order to maintain compliance with  
            federal reliability standards.  Possible remedies include  
            paying renewable generators to curtail generation, pay natural  
            gas generators to stand by to respond to large ramps, or even  
            possibly pay other states to take excess generation.  This  
            scenario might occur if nothing is done to reduce the size of  
            the ramps, such as but not limited to building more natural  








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            gas plants, modify renewable procurement practices within the  
            renewable portfolio, or increasing the size and effectiveness  
            of energy efficiency and demand response programs.

            Geothermal and biopower have different characteristics and can  
            provide power output consistently over a 24 hour period.   
            These renewable technologies may be part of the mix of  
            possible policy actions to address the issues raised by the  
            Duck Chart.

           4)Addressing Renewable Integration Costs  .  "Renewable  
            Integration Costs" refers to the cost of reliable operation of  
            the electrical grid as California moves toward a larger  
            percentage of renewable generation in in utility portfolios.  

            The PUC has indicated that the addition of renewable energy to  
            meet at 33% portfolio may lead to "integration costs" to  
            maintain California electric system reliability.  But, since  
            2004 the PUC has mandated that integration costs be assumed to  
            be zero.

            In the PUC's proceeding to establish RPS procurement plans,  
            the PUC received comments from Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E)  
            suggesting a renewable integration adder.  The Center for  
            Energy Efficiency and Renewable Technology (CEERT), California  
            Wind Energy Association and SCE filed comments asking that a  
            process and timeline for the development of a renewable  
            integration cost adder be established.  The PUC decided  
            (D.12-11-016, November 2012) that integration costs would  
            remain set at zero until more information and a public review  
            had occurred.  The PUC invited comments on the integration  
            cost adder in a separate Long Term Procurement Planning (LTPP)  
            proceeding, R.12-03-014.  This proceeding started in March  
            2012 and is still underway.

            By restricting integration costs to zero, the PUC, utility  
            procurement provides no value to renewable technologies with  
            different characteristics (intermittent, variable,  
            dispatchable, baseload).  This may be a contributing factor to  
            both the utility procurement shifting toward greater levels of  
            intermittent and variable renewable generation and also may be  
            one of the factors that created the Duck Chart.

           








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          Analysis Prepared by  :    Susan Kateley / U. & C. / (916)  
          319-2083 


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