BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 203
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          Date of Hearing:  April 1, 2013

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON NATURAL RESOURCES
                                Wesley Chesbro, Chair
                     AB 203 (Stone) - As Amended:  March 11, 2013
           
          SUBJECT  :  Coastal resources:  coastal development permits:  
          penalties

           SUMMARY  :  Prohibits the Coastal Commission (Commission) from  
          acting on a coastal development permit (CDP) application that  
          involves property subject to an unresolved violation of the  
          California Coastal Act of 1976 (Coastal Act) until the violation  
          is resolved.
           
           EXISTING LAW  :  Pursuant to the Coastal Act:

          1)Requires any person wishing to perform any development in the  
            coastal zone to first obtain a CDP.

          2)Authorizes the Commission's executive director to issue an ex  
            parte cease and desist order if he or she determines that  
            someone is undertaking or threatening to undertake an activity  
            that requires a CDP or that may be inconsistent with a  
            previously issued permit.  Before issuing the ex parte cease  
            and desist order, the director is required to give oral and  
            written notice.  The order is valid for 90 days from the date  
            of issuance.

          3)Authorizes the Commission, after a public hearing, to issue a  
            cease and desist order if it determines that someone is  
            undertaking or threatening to undertake an activity that  
            requires a CDP or that may be inconsistent with a previously  
            issued permit.

          4)Authorizes the Commission to issue a restoration order if it  
            finds that development has occurred without a CDP and the  
            development is causing continuing resource damage.

          5)Requires the Commission's executive director to record a  
            notice of violation with a county recorder if (1) he or she  
            has determined that real property has been developed in  
            violation of the Coastal Ac, (2) a notice of intention to  
            record a notice of violation was mailed, and (3) the owner of  
            the property failed to object to the notice or the owner of  








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            the property objected and the Commission found, after a  
            hearing, that a violation has occurred.

          6)Authorizes a superior court to impose civil penalties between  
            $500 and $30,000 on any person in violation of the Coastal  
            Act.  If a person intentionally and knowingly violates the  
            Coastal Act, additional civil penalties between $1,000 and  
            $15,000 may be imposed for each day in which the violation  
            persists.

           THIS BILL  :

          1)Prohibits the Commission from filing as complete or acting  
            upon a CDP application that involves property subject to an  
            open, existing violation case for which a violation  
            notification letter, a cease and desist order, restoration  
            order, or notice of violation has been issued until the  
            violation is resolved.

          2)Provides that the above prohibition does not apply if the  
            executive director determines that the application includes a  
            provision that would fully resolve the violation.  The  
            prohibition also does not apply to an action by a local agency  
            that is associated with processing, submitting, certifying, or  
            implementing an amendment to, or original submission of, a  
            local coastal program, public works plan, or component of a  
            local coastal program or public works plan.

          3)Authorizes the Commission to file as complete a CDP  
            application involving property with an open, existing  
            violation case for which a violation notification letter, a  
            cease and desist order, restoration order, or notice of  
            violation has been issued if the violation is a de minimis  
            violation (i.e. a violation that is so minor in nature that it  
            may be easily resolved through voluntary actions on the part  
            of the property owner).  If the Commission accepts such an  
            application for a CDP, the Commission may not take action on  
            the application until the violation has been fully resolved.

          4)Allows an unresolved dispute between the executive director  
            and an applicant regarding the implementation of the above  
            provision to be resolved by the Commission at a noticed  
            hearing.

          5)Prohibits the above provisions from applying to a new  








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            application for a development in a harbor, port, or marina for  
            a project that is individually owned or leased by a separate  
            party that is unaffiliated with an open, existing violation  
            case.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author's office, "[t]he California  
          Coastal Commission has a backlog of more than 2,000 open,  
          unresolved enforcement cases.  The Commission estimates that,  
          based on the current rate of resolution, these would take 100  
          years to resolve."   

           1)Should violators be rewarded with a CDP?
           
          Under existing law, anyone can apply for a CDP even if the  
          proposed development occurs on a parcel subject to a violation  
          or an alleged violation of the Coastal Act.  Furthermore, the  
          Commission must consider the application without regard to this  
          violation even if it is directly relevant to the proposed  
          development.  Procedurally, this results in a perverse,  
          bifurcated process even though it would make more sense to  
          address both issues concurrently.  According to a Commission  
          staff report, "[t]his approach is costly for all parties, and  
          can delay the resolution of serious and ongoing violations for  
          years with harmful effects on coastal resources."

          In contrast, many other state agencies and some local  
          governments have the authority to require that an applicant  
          resolve outstanding issues at the same time as an application,  
          in order to save resources and create an incentive to  
          voluntarily resolve outstanding violations.  In fact, Fresno,  
          San Diego, Santa Cruz, and the counties of Los Angeles, Marin,  
          Mono, Monterey, Orange, Placer, San Diego, and San Luis Obispo  
          all have similar authorities.  State agencies such as the  
          Departments of Food and Agriculture, Public Health, Motor  
          Vehicles, Conservation, Fish and Wildlife, Consumer Affairs,  
          Alcohol and Drug Programs, and Social Services similarly have  
          authority to require resolution of a violation prior to  
          consideration of an application for a permit, license, or other  
          approval.

           2)The bill could result in process- and cost-efficiency.
           
          This bill would provide applicants the incentive to resolve  








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          violations more quickly since they would otherwise be ineligible  
          to pursue any additional development.  At the same time, the  
          bill would give the Commission the ability to resolve  
          outstanding violations as part of a CDP application, something  
          that can only be accomplished voluntarily under existing law.   
          In turn, the applicant would likely not be subject to penalties  
          and an expensive enforcement proceeding.
          As mentioned above, the Commission has an existing backlog of  
          over 2,000 enforcement cases. Not considering new cases, at the  
          current rate of processing, it would take the Commission more  
          than 100 years to resolve these cases. 

           3)Does bill contain sufficient due process for applicants?
           
          A coalition of opponents has raised concerns that the bill does  
          not contain sufficient due process and would thus unfairly  
          penalize an applicant based on the mere assertion by staff that  
          a violation had occurred.  Existing law provides that either the  
          executive director or Commission may issue a cease and desist  
          order.  In the first instance, an order may be issued only after  
          a person has failed to respond to an oral and written notice;  
          moreover, the order is only valid for 90 days.  If a violation  
          remains unresolved after this period, staff usually schedules  
          the order for Commission consideration at a duly noticed public  
          hearing.  Only the Commission may issue a restoration order  
          after a noticed public hearing.  Only after the executive  
          director determines, based on substantial evidence, that  
          property has been developed in violation of the Coastal Act, the  
          Act authorizes the executive director to mail a "notification of  
          intent to record a notice of violation" to the property owner.   
          If the owner submits an objection to this notice within 20 days,  
          the owner is entitled to a public hearing to plead his or her  
          cause.  Only after the Commission finds, based on substantial  
          evidence, that a violation has occurred, the executive director  
          can record the notice.

          Finally, the bill provides that any unresolved dispute between  
          the executive director and applicant regarding the bill's  
          implementation must be resolved by the Commission at a noticed  
          public hearing.  Thus, it is clear that existing law does not  
          permit staff to behave arbitrarily or capriciously, even when  
          alleging that a violation has occurred.

           4)Previous Legislation.   A similar bill, AB 291 (Salda�a, 2009)  
            was passed by the Assembly Natural Resources Committee and the  








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            Assembly Floor; however, the bill was "gutted and amended" in  
            the Senate.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          California Coastal Protection Network
          California Coastkeeper Alliance
          California Native Plant Society
          Coastal Environmental Rights Foundation
          Committee for Green Foothills
          Environmental Defense Fund
          Heal the Bay
          Natural Resources Defense Council
          North County Watch
          Planning and Conservation League
          Sierra Club California
          Surfrider Foundation
          The Wildlands Conservancy
          Wild Heritage Planners
           
          Opposition 
           
          American Council of Engineering Companies of California
          California Apartment Association
          California Aquaculture Association
          California Association of Realtors
          California Building Industry Association
          California Business Properties Association
          California Cattlemen's Association
          California Chamber of Commerce
          California Citrus Mutual
          California Construction and Industrial Materials Association
          California Dairies, Inc.
          California Farm Bureau Federation
          California Fisheries and Seafood Institute
          California Independent Petroleum Association
          California Sea Urchin Commission
          California Travel Association
          California Wetfish Producers Association
          Nisei Farmers League
          Orange County Business Council
          Western Agricultural Processors Association
          Western Plant Health Association








                                                                  AB 203
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          Western States Petroleum Association

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :  Mario DeBernardo / NAT. RES. / (916)  
          319-2092