BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 313
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          Date of Hearing:   April 8, 2013
                            
                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION
                               Bonnie Lowenthal, Chair
                 AB 313 (Frazier) - As Introduced:  February 12, 2013
           
          SUBJECT  :  Vehicles: electronic wireless communications devices:  
          prohibitions

           SUMMARY  :  Prohibits the use of voice-operated, hands-free  
          texting devices while driving.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Makes findings and declarations regarding the dangers of  
            distracted driving.  

          2)Repeals provisions authorizing drivers to send and receive  
            text-based communications on a wireless electronic device as  
            long as the device is configured to allow for voice-operated  
            and hands-free operation while driving.  

          3)Repeals provisions authorizing drivers to activate or  
            deactivate a feature or function on an electronic wireless  
            communications device while driving.  

           EXISTING LAW  :  

          1)Prohibits cell phone use while driving unless a hands-free  
            device is used.  

          2)Prohibits drivers from texting while driving unless the  
            messages are transmitted using a device with voice-operated,  
            hands-free texting technology.  

          3)Exempts the action of activating or deactivating a function or  
            feature on an electronic wireless communication device from  
            the prohibition of texting while driving.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :  AB 1536 (Miller) Chapter 92, Statutes of 2012,  
          authorized sending and receiving text messages on wireless  
          communications devices while driving as long as those messages  
          are transmitted using voice-operated, hands-free technology.   
          That bill was intended to modernize the statute regarding  
          sending or receiving text-based communications since  








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          voice-activated, hands-free technology was not available when  
          the original measure prohibiting texting while driving was  
          enacted.  In addition to removing the provision that allowed for  
          the use of voice-activated, hands-free texting, the bill also  
          explicitly authorized that the act of activating or deactivating  
          a function or feature on an electronic wireless communication  
          device while driving does not fall under the texting while  
          driving prohibition.   

          The Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers (Alliance), in  
          sponsoring AB 1536 last year, characterized the use of  
          voice-operated texting while driving as a mechanism to promote  
          safety on California's roadways.  The Alliance claimed that  
          authorizing voice-operated texting while driving was reasonable  
          given that many Californians spend a significant amount of time  
          in their cars and have demonstrated (by ignoring texting bans)  
          that they do not wish to be out of touch when behind the wheel.   
          The Alliance claimed that authorizing the use of newly available  
          voice-operated texting technology acknowledged that drivers want  
          to be connected, even at the risk of getting a ticket, so giving  
          drivers the option to use newly-developed technology that allows  
          them to remain connected while keeping their eyes on the road  
          and hands on the wheel is a significant improvement over current  
          bans, which are largely ignored.  
           
           According to the author, immediately after AB 1536 was signed by  
          the Governor, the National Safety Council (NSC) called for the  
          bill's repeal, citing that the risk of a crash increases  
          fourfold when a person is driving and talking on a cell phone  
          regardless of whether or not the driver is using a hand-held or  
          hands-free device.  The NSC also cited that talking or listening  
          on a cell phone makes the risk of a crash or near-crash event  
          1.3 times higher than non-distracted driving.  

          Arguing in favor of repealing AB 1536, Advanced Drivers  
          Education Products and Training Inc. (ADEPT), cites recent  
          studies showing that talking or texting on a cellphone  
          significantly increases crash rates from what is called  
          "inattention blindness"-- a phenomenon that occurs when a  
          person's cognitive load is substantially increased causing the  
          working memory to decrease.  When inattention blindness occurs,  
          drivers are more likely to miss critical events and objects such  
          as bicyclists, pedestrians, stop signs, or cars braking in front  
          of them.  The sponsors note that authorizing the use of  
          voice-activated texting technology while driving increases  








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          opportunities for inattention blindness.  

          ADEPT also contends that voice-operated texting technology  
          increases rather than decreases driver distraction because  
          voice-to-text devices do not always translate the spoken word to  
          text accurately.  Problems with translation typically encourage  
          drivers to glance down at their device before sending a message,  
          to ensure that the message was translated properly.  Studies  
          have shown that in most cases, drivers will take their eyes off  
          the road for between 2.5 to 4.5 seconds to check a message and  
          in this time, a vehicle is moving at a speed of 60 miles per  
          hour will have travelled the length of a football field before  
          the driver's eyes are focused back on the road.  

          The author points out that numerous studies including the those  
          conducted by Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, National  
          Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), and the National  
          Transportation Safety Board provide conclusive evidence that  
          cellphone use (whether handheld or hands-free) has a  
          considerable impact on driver performance and has been  
          implicated in substantially increasing the risk of a crash.

           Related legislation  :  SB 194 (Galgiani) would prohibit a person  
          who is under 18 years of age from using an electronic wireless  
          communications device, as defined, even if it is equipped with a  
          hands-free device.  That bill is set for hearing in the Senate  
          Transportation and Housing Committee.  

           Previous legislation  :  AB 1536 (Miller) Chapter 92, Statutes of  
          2012, authorized drivers to dictate, send, or listen to  
          text-based communications as long as they do so using technology  
          specifically designed and configured to allow voice-operated and  
          hands-free operation and clarified that the act of activating or  
          deactivating a function or feature on a voice-operated,  
          hands-free texting device is exempt from the prohibition of  
          texting while driving.  

          SB 1310 (Simitian) of 2012, would have increased the penalties  
          related to using a wireless communications device while  
          operating a vehicle, and would have added dangers of talking or  
          texting while driving to the list of items that Department of  
          Motor Vehicles (DMV) must include in an examination for a  
          driver's license.  That bill was vetoed by the Governor on the  
          grounds that current fines already serve as a powerful deterrent  
          and that upping the fines would likely not further reduce  








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          violations.  

          SB 28 (Simitian) of 2011, would have increased the fine for cell  
          phone use and text messaging while driving and extended these  
          bans to bicycling.  That bill was vetoed by Governor Brown who  
          stated he did not support ratcheting up the penalties since, for  
          people of ordinary means, current fines and penalty assessments  
          should be a sufficient deterrent.  

          SB 1475 (Simitian) of 2010, would have increased the penalties  
          for using cell phones or texting while driving a motor vehicle,  
          and prohibits the use of handheld cell phones for conversing or  
          for texting while riding a bicycle.  The Governor vetoed the  
          bill on the grounds that current fines and penalties are already  
          a powerful deterrent and that upping the fines would likely not  
          further reduce violations.  

          SB 28 (Simitian), Chapter 270, Statutes of 2008, banned the use  
          of text messaging devices while driving.  

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          Advanced Drivers Education Products and Training (co-sponsor)
          National Safety Council (co-sponsor)
          Allstate Insurance Company
          Association for Los Angeles Deputy Sheriffs
          Association of California Insurance Companies
          Association of Orange County Deputy Sheriffs
          Automobile Club of Southern California
          California Association of Highway Patrolmen
          California Association for Safety Education
          California Fraternal Order of Police
          California Police Chiefs Association Inc.
          Driving School Association of California
          Independent Insurance Agents and Brokers of California
          Long Beach Police Officers Association
          Los Angeles Police Protective League
          Los Angeles County Professional Peace Officers Association
          National Association of Mutual Insurance Companies
          Pacific Association of Domestic Insurance Companies
          Peace Officers Research Association of California
          Personal Insurance Federation of California
          Sacramento County Deputy Sheriff's Associations








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          Santa Ana Police Officers Association
           
          Opposition 
           
          Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :   Victoria Alvarez / TRANS. / (916) 319-  
          2093