BILL NUMBER: AB 322 INTRODUCED BILL TEXT INTRODUCED BY Assembly Member Yamada (Coauthor: Senator Correa) FEBRUARY 12, 2013 An act to add Chapter 13 (commencing with Section 1796) to Division 2 of the Health and Safety Code, relating to home care services, and making an appropriation therefor. LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST AB 322, as introduced, Yamada. Home Care Services Act of 2013. Existing law provides for the licensing and regulation of various community care facilities by the State Department of Social Services. This bill would enact the Home Care Services Act of 2013 and would provide for the licensure and regulation of home care organizations, as defined, by the State Department of Social Services. The bill would establish home care organizations as being recognized in the health care industry. The bill would prohibit, after January 1, 2016, an entity from arranging for the provision of home care services by a home care aide without first obtaining a license and would impose a civil penalty on an individual or entity that operates a home care organization without a license. The bill would also impose various licensure requirements on a home care organization. The bill would require a home care organization to provide a client with specified information before arranging for the provision of home care services, as defined, to that client, including, but not limited to, the types and hours of available home care services and the extent to which payment may be expected from specified sources. In addition, the home care organization would be required to, among other things, distribute to the client a written notice of certain enumerated rights. This bill would prohibit a home care organization from hiring an individual as a home care aide unless that individual meets certain requirements, including, but not limited to, demonstrating that he or she has specified language skills. The bill would require a home care organization to conduct background clearances on home care aides, as specified, and to require home care aides to demonstrate they are free of active tuberculosis. The bill would also require a home care organization to conduct regular evaluations of its home care aides, as specified, and to ensure that home care aides demonstrate basic competency in certain areas. The bill would establish the Home Care Organization Fund, would authorize the department to impose various fees to be deposited in that fund, and would make a continuous appropriation from that fund to the department to carry out the provisions of the act. The bill, in addition, would prescribe enforcement procedures and penalties for violations of the act. Vote: 2/3. Appropriation: yes. Fiscal committee: yes. State-mandated local program: no. THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS: SECTION 1. The Legislature hereby finds and declares all of the following: (a) Seniors, individuals with disabilities, and the frail frequently find themselves in need of part-time to full-time assistance from a caregiver in order to live at home independently. (b) The Employment Development Department has identified home care services as one of the fastest growing fields. (c) In California, most individuals hiring a home care organization believe that the home care aide entering their home has been thoroughly screened and trained. However, a business license is the only requirement needed to provide nonmedical home care services in an individual's home. (d) In view of the increasing number of home care aides entering private homes, the number of incidents of abuse and neglect by home care aides currently being reported in the media is alarming and a matter of concern because, according to prosecutors, for every reported incident of abuse or neglect, four others go unreported. (e) Discharge planners commonly keep lists of home care aides and home care organizations for purposes of patient referral without any information about the individuals or the organizations, thereby placing the client and the referring organization at risk. SEC. 2. Chapter 13 (commencing with Section 1796) is added to Division 2 of the Health and Safety Code, to read: CHAPTER 13. HOME CARE SERVICES ACT OF 2013 Article 1. General Provisions 1796. This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the Home Care Services Act of 2013. 1796.1. The State Department of Social Services shall administer and enforce this chapter. 1796.2. For purposes of this chapter, the following definitions shall apply: (a) "Client" means an individual who receives home care services. (b) "Department" means the State Department of Social Services. (c) "Home care aide" means an individual who is paid to provide home care services to a client in the client's residence, and is synonymous with "caregiver," "custodial care," "personal care attendant," "homemaker," and "companion." In addition, "home care aide" includes an individual who qualifies as a personal attendant, as defined in Industry Wage Order 15-2001, issued by the Industrial Welfare Commission, and provides home care services. (d) "Home care organization" or "organization" means an individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, joint venture, association, or other entity that arranges for the provision of home care services by a home care aide to a client in the client's residence and that is licensed pursuant to this chapter. Home care organization shall not include any of the following: (1) A home health agency licensed under Chapter 8 (commencing with Section 1725). (2) A hospice licensed under Chapter 8.5 (commencing with Section 1745). (3) A health facility licensed under Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 1250). (4) A county providing in-home supportive services pursuant to Article 7 (commencing with Section 12300) of Chapter 3 of Part 3 of Division 9 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, without regard to whether the county provides these services as a public authority or through a nonprofit consortium established pursuant to Section 12301.6 of the Welfare and Institutions Code. (5) An employment agency, as defined under Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 1812.500) of Title 2.91 of Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code. (6) A nurses' registry, as defined under Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 1812.524) of Title 2.91 of Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code. (e) (1) "Home care services" means services provided by a home care aide to a client who, because of advanced age or physical or mental infirmity, cannot care for the client's own needs. These services include, but are not limited to, bathing, dressing, feeding, exercising, personal hygiene and grooming, transferring, ambulating, positioning, toileting and incontinence care, assisting with medication that the client normally self-administers, housekeeping, meal planning and preparation, laundry, transportation, making telephone calls, shopping for personal care items or groceries, and companionship. Nothing in this subdivision shall be construed to authorize a home care aide to administer medication. (2) Home care services shall not include any of the following: (A) Services authorized to be provided by a licensed home health agency under Chapter 8 (commencing with Section 1725). (B) Services authorized to be provided by a licensed hospice pursuant to Chapter 8.5 (commencing with Section 1745). (C) Services authorized to be provided by a licensed health facility pursuant to Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 1250) of Division 2. (D) In-home supportive services provided pursuant to Article 7 (commencing with Section 12300) of Chapter 3 of Part 3 of Division 9 of the Welfare and Institutions Code. (E) Services provided by organizations that provide only housekeeping services. (F) Services authorized to be provided by a licensed residential care facility for the elderly pursuant to Chapter 3.2 (commencing with Section 1569). (f) "Residence" means a temporary or permanent location where a client receives home care services. 1796.3. Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to prohibit an individual from employing a home care aide without the assistance of a home care organization. 1796.4. This chapter shall establish home care organizations as being recognized in the health care industry. Article 2. Licensure 1796.5. (a) Commencing January 1, 2016, an individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, joint venture, association, or other entity shall not arrange for the provision of home care services by a home care aide to a client in the state without first obtaining a license pursuant to this chapter. (b) Upon discovering that an individual or entity is in violation of this chapter, the department shall send a written notice of noncompliance to the individual or entity and to a district attorney or the Attorney General. Upon receiving this notice, a district attorney or the Attorney General may do any of the following: (1) Issue a cease and desist order, which shall remain in effect until the individual or entity has obtained a license pursuant to this chapter. Upon receipt of a cease and desist order, the individual or entity in violation shall be responsible for the safe and timely transfer of clients to a licensed provider of similar services. If the department assumes responsibility for the safe and timely transfer of clients to a licensed provider of similar services, then the individual or entity in violation is responsible for all costs incurred by the department in association with the transfer. The individual or entity in violation shall in no way benefit, financially or otherwise, through the transfer process. If the individual or entity fails to comply with the cease and desist notice, the Attorney General or a district attorney may petition the court for the issuance of an injunction restraining the individual or entity from continuing the violation of this chapter. (2) Impose a civil penalty of four hundred dollars ($400) per day for each calendar day of violation. (3) Bring an action against the individual or entity under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 17200) of Part 2 of Division 7 of the Business and Professions Code. 1796.7. A home care organization that has its principal place of business in another state shall, in addition to the other requirements of this chapter, comply with both of the following requirements before arranging for the provision of home care services by a home care aide to a client in California: (a) Have a physical location in California. (b) Obtain authorization from the Secretary of State to conduct business in California. (c) Comply with Section 1796.21. 1796.8. No private or public organization, excluding any county providing in-home supportive services pursuant to Article 7 (commencing with Section 12300) of Chapter 3 of Part 3 of Division 9 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, shall do any of the following unless it is licensed under this chapter: (a) Represent itself to be a home care organization by its name or advertisement, soliciting, or any other presentments to the public, or in the context of services within the scope of this chapter imply that it is licensed to provide those services or to make any reference to employee bonding in relation to those services. (b) Use the words "home care organization," "home care," "home-care," "homecare," or "in-home care," or any combination of those terms, within its name. 1796.9. The enactment of this chapter is an exercise of the general authority of the state for the protection of the public welfare, prosperity, health, safety, and peace of its people. The civil penalties provided by this chapter are in addition to any other penalty provided by law. 1796.11. In order to administer this chapter, the department shall do all of the following: (a) Adopt rules and regulations to implement and administer this chapter. (b) Establish procedures for the receipt, investigation, and resolution of complaints against home care organizations. (c) Make available on the department's Internet Web site a list of home care organizations, including, for each organization, the organization's name, address, license number, and the effective date of its license. 1796.13. (a) The department shall issue a license to a home care organization that meets all of the following requirements: (1) Submits an application, on a form prescribed by the department. (2) Pays a licensure fee, as prescribed by the department pursuant to Section 1796.39. (3) Submits proof of general and professional liability insurance in the amount of at least one million dollars ($1,000,000) per occurrence and three million dollars ($3,000,000) in the aggregate. (4) Submits proof of a valid workers' compensation policy covering its home care aides. The proof shall consist of the policy number, the effective and expiration dates of the policy, and the name and address of the policy carrier. (5) The owner of the organization passes a background clearance pursuant to Section 1796.17. (6) Complies with the requirements of this chapter. (b) The term of a license issued under this section is two years. The license may be renewed upon application to the department and payment of the renewal fee prescribed by the department pursuant to Section 1796.39. 1796.15. At least 60 days before the expiration of a license, the department shall provide the licensee, through electronic mail or other means, at the latest contact address furnished by the licensee to the department, a notice stating the amount of the renewal fee and the date on which it is due, and that failure to pay that fee on or before the date due shall result in the expiration of the license. 1796.17. (a) In order for a home care organization to obtain a license, the following individual or individuals shall consent to the background clearance described in subdivision (b) of Section 1796.33: (1) The owner or owners of a home care organization if the owners are individuals. (2) If the owner of a home care organization is a corporation, limited liability company, joint venture, association, or other entity, an individual having a 5-percent or greater interest in that entity. (b) If the background clearance conducted pursuant to subdivision (a) discloses a conviction for a crime that is substantially related to the qualifications, functions, or duties of operating a home care organization, the application for a license may be denied, except that a license shall not be denied pursuant to this subdivision if the individual has obtained a certificate of rehabilitation pursuant to Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 4852.01) of Title 6 of Part 3 of the Penal Code or if the information or accusation against the individual has been dismissed pursuant to Section 1203.4 of the Penal Code. (c) If the department denies an application for a license because of a conviction for a crime as described in subdivision (b) or if the department denies a license renewal based upon a subsequent conviction for a crime as described in subdivision (b), the department shall notify the individual convicted of that crime of this determination by either personal service or registered mail, and this notice shall include all of the following: (1) A statement of the department's reasons for the denial. This statement shall evaluate any evidence of rehabilitation submitted by the individual. (2) A copy of the individual's criminal offender record information search response. The department shall provide this information in a manner that protects the confidentiality and privacy of the criminal offender record information search response. (A) The state criminal history record shall not be modified or altered from its form or content as provided by the Department of Justice. (B) The department shall record the date the response was provided by the Department of Justice and the date the department provided the copy of the response to the individual. (C) The criminal offender record information search response shall not be made available by the department to any individual other than an individual convicted of a crime that is the basis for a denial by the department pursuant to this section. (d) (1) An individual with a conviction that results in the denial of a license pursuant to this section may request an administrative hearing by submitting a written request to the department within 15 business days of receipt of the written notice pursuant to subdivision (c). (2) The department shall hold an administrative hearing upon receipt of the written request from the individual pursuant to paragraph (1). The administrative hearing shall be consistent with the procedures specified in Section 100171, except where those procedures are inconsistent with this section. The administrative hearing shall be conducted by a hearing officer or administrative law judge designated by the director. (3) The hearing officer or administrative law judge shall make a written decision that shall be sent by certified mail to the individual who requested the hearing. Article 3. Complaints, Inspections, and Investigations 1796.19. (a) The department shall review and, if it determines necessary, investigate complaints filed against a home care organization. (b) An investigation or inspection by the department pursuant to this chapter may include both of the following: (1) Inspection of the books, records, and premises of a home care organization. An organization's refusal to make those records, books, or premises available shall constitute cause for the revocation of the organization's license. (2) Direct observation of the provision of home care services to a client in the client's residence, if the client's consent is obtained. Article 4. Organization Operating Requirements 1796.21. (a) A home care organization shall do all of the following: (1) Post its license in its place of business in a conspicuous location, visible both to clients and to its home care aides. (2) Maintain a physical address. (3) Have policies for client protection and client rights. (4) Have a written agreement with clients that includes a specification of fees charged. (5) Classify all workers engaged in the direct provision of home care services as employees of the home care organization. (6) Maintain valid general and professional liability insurance policies in the amount of at least one million dollars ($1,000,000) per occurrence and three million dollars ($3,000,000) in the aggregate. (7) Maintain a valid workers' compensation policy covering its home care aides. (8) Maintain an employee dishonesty bond, including third-party coverage, with a minimum limit of ten thousand dollars ($10,000). (9) Comply with the regulations adopted by the department pursuant to this chapter and laws adopted regarding the provision of home care services. (b) Nothing in this chapter shall prohibit a licensed home care organization from contracting with another licensed home care organization for the provision of services. 1796.23. With respect to home care aides employed by a home care organization, the organization shall do all of the following: (a) Investigate complaints made by a client, or a client's family member or guardian, against home care aides regarding a service that is, or fails to be, furnished. The organization shall document both the existence and the resolution of those complaints. (b) Evaluate home care aides by conducting an annual assessment of the performance and effectiveness of each home care aide. The evaluation shall include, if client consent is obtained, at least one observation of the aide providing home care services in the residence of a client. (c) Ensure that a home care aide, when providing services to a client, has access at all times to a representative of the organization who is in a supervisory capacity. (d) Require a home care aide, while providing home care services, to carry an organization-approved identification card. (e) Require home care aides to demonstrate that they are free of active tuberculosis pursuant to Section 1796.35. (f) Prohibit home care aides from accepting money or property from a client without written permission from the home care organization. (g) Oversee the care of the client, including supervisory visits and updates to the plan of care as necessary. Article 5. Client Rights 1796.25. (a) Clients of home care organizations are entitled to the following rights: (1) The right to have the client's property treated with respect. (2) The right to voice grievances free from reprisal regarding a home care service that is, or fails to be, provided or regarding the violation of any of the rights listed in this section. (3) The right to be informed of, and to participate in the planning of, the client's home care services. (4) The right to be informed of the hours, services, and costs that will be provided in the client's home. (5) The right to be informed of the client records policies and have the confidentiality of the client's personal information protected. (b) Within seven days of the start of the provision of home care services to a client, a home care organization shall provide a written notice to the client that the client has all of the rights enumerated in subdivision (a). (c) A home care organization shall maintain written documentation showing that it has complied with subdivision (b). (d) If a client lacks the capacity to understand the rights listed in this section, as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction or by the client's physician, unless the physician's opinion is controverted by the client or the client's legal representative, the client's legal representative shall have the rights listed in this section. (e) A home care organization shall protect, and promote the exercise of, the rights listed in this section. 1796.27. (a) Home care clients are entitled to the following rights: (1) The right to have the client's property treated with respect. (2) The right to voice grievances free from reprisal regarding a home care service that is or fails to be provided or regarding the violation of any of the rights listed in this section. (3) The right to be informed of and to participate in the planning of the client's home care services. (4) The right to confidentiality of the client's personal information. (b) Before arranging for the provision of home care services to a client, a home care organization shall provide a written notice to the client stating that the client has all of the rights enumerated in subdivision (a). (c) A home care organization shall maintain written documentation showing that it has complied with subdivision (b). (d) If a client lacks the capacity to understand the rights listed in this section, as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction or by the client's physician, unless the physician's opinion is controverted by the client or the client's legal representative, the client's legal representative shall have those rights. (e) A home care organization shall protect, and promote the exercise of, the rights listed in this section. Article 6. Home Care Aides 1796.31. A home care organization shall, by January 1, 2015, ensure that home care aids who were hired before January 1, 2015, meet both of the following requirements: (a) Demonstrate the language skills specified in paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 1796.27. (b) Demonstrate basic competency in the areas specified in subdivision (b) of Section 1796.27. 1796.33. (a) A home care organization shall conduct a background clearance on an individual hired as a home care aide, unless the individual holds a valid, unexpired license or registration in a health-related field that requires, as a condition of the license or registration, a background check or a criminal history record check as specified in subdivision (b). (b) The background clearance shall consist of a criminal history record check conducted by the Department of Justice and administered by the State Department of Social Services. (c) The organization shall deny or terminate, as applicable, the employment of an individual if the background check required by subdivision (b) discloses that it has been less than 10 years since the date of a conviction for, or the date of incarceration following a conviction for, any of the following: (1) Fraud against a government health care or supportive services program, including, but not limited to, Medicare, Medicaid, or services provided under Title V, Title XX, or Title XXI of the federal Social Security Act, or a violation of subdivision (a) of Section 273a of the Penal Code, Section 368 of the Penal Code, or similar violations in another jurisdiction. (2) A violent or serious felony, as specified in subdivision (c) of Section 667.5 of the Penal Code or subdivision (c) of Section 1192.7 of the Penal Code. (3) A felony offense for which a person is required to register pursuant to subdivision (c) of Section 290 of the Penal Code. For purposes of this paragraph, the 10-year time period specified in this section shall commence with the date of conviction for, or the date of incarceration following a conviction for, the underlying offense and not the date of registration. (d) Notwithstanding subdivision (c), the organization shall not deny or terminate the employment of any individual pursuant to this section if the individual has obtained a certificate of rehabilitation pursuant to Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 4852.01) of Title 6 of Part 3 of the Penal Code or the information or accusation against the individual has been dismissed pursuant to Section 1203.4 of the Penal Code. (e) Notwithstanding subdivision (c), an individual who has been convicted of an offense identified in subdivision (c) may seek from the department a general exception to the exclusion provided for in this section. In determining whether to grant a general exception, the department shall consider as evidence of good character and rehabilitation the following factors: (1) The nature and seriousness of the conviction under consideration and its relationship to the individual's employment duties and responsibilities. (2) Activities since conviction that would indicate changed behavior, including, but not limited to, employment, participation in therapy, or education. (3) The time that has elapsed since the commission of the crime and the number of offenses. (4) The extent to which the individual has complied with any terms of parole, probation, restitution, or any other sanction lawfully imposed against the individual. (5) Any rehabilitation evidence submitted by the individual, including, but not limited to, character references. (6) Employment history and current employer recommendations. (7) Circumstances surrounding the commission of the crime that would demonstrate the unlikelihood of repetition. (f) Upon determination to deny a request for exception, the department shall notify the individual of this determination by either personal service or registered mail, and this notice shall include all of the following: (1) A statement of the department's reasons for the denial. This statement shall evaluate any evidence of rehabilitation submitted by the individual, and specifically address any evidence submitted relating to the factors considered in subdivision (e). (2) A copy of the individual's criminal offender record information search response. The department shall provide this information in a manner that protects the confidentiality and privacy of the criminal offender record information search response. (A) The state criminal history record shall not be modified or altered from its form or content as provided by the Department of Justice. (B) The department shall record the date the response was provided by the Department of Justice and the date the department provided the copy of the response to the individual. (C) The criminal offender record information search response shall not be made available by the department to any individual other than the applicant. (g) (1) An individual whose request for an exception has been denied may request an administrative hearing by submitting a written request to the department within 15 business days of receipt of the written notice pursuant to subdivision (f). (2) The department shall hold an administrative hearing upon receipt of the written request from the individual pursuant to paragraph (1). The administrative hearing shall be consistent with the procedures specified in Section 100171, except where those procedures are inconsistent with this section. The administrative hearing shall be conducted by a hearing officer or administrative law judge designated by the director. (3) The hearing officer or administrative law judge shall make a written decision that shall be sent by certified mail to the individual who requested the hearing. (h) The organization shall complete the background clearance specified in subdivision (b) on home care aides whose employment began before January 1, 2014, within two years of the effective date of this section. (i) A home care aide hired on or after January 1, 2014, shall not be permitted to provide home care services until he or she passes the background clearance or has been granted a general exception by the department pursuant to this section. 1796.35. (a) An individual hired as a home care aide on or after January 1, 2014, shall be terminated from employment unless the individual submitted to an examination within six months prior to employment or submits to an examination within 14 days after employment to determine that the individual is free of active tuberculosis. For purposes of this section, "examination" consists of a tuberculin skin test and, if that test is positive, an X-ray of the lungs. (b) A home care aide whose employment with a home care organization began before January 1, 2014, shall, on or before March 1, 2014, submit to the examination described in subdivision (a). (c) After submitting to an examination, a home care aide who is skin test negative shall be required to undergo an examination at least once every two years. Once a home care aide has a documented positive skin test that has been followed by an X-ray, the examination is no longer required. (d) After the examination, a home care aide shall submit, and the organization shall keep on file, a certificate from the examining practitioner showing that the home care aide was examined and found free from active tuberculosis. (e) The examination shall be a condition of initial and continuing employment with the home care organization. The home care aide shall pay the cost of the examination. (f) A home care aide who transfers employment from one organization to another shall be deemed to meet the requirements of subdivision (a) or (b) if that individual can produce a certificate showing that he or she submitted to the examination within the past two years and was found to be free of communicable tuberculosis, or if it is verified by the organization previously employing him or her that it has a certificate on file which contains that showing. (g) Notwithstanding the results of an examination, a home care aide shall annually complete a tuberculosis survey that includes, but is not limited to, all of the following information: (1) The individual's name, address, and telephone number. (2) The date and result of all previous tuberculin skin tests and, where applicable, all X-ray examinations. (3) Answers to questions concerning whether the individual has recently experienced any of the following symptoms: (A) A chronic cough for a period exceeding two weeks. (B) Chronic fatigue or listlessness for a period exceeding two weeks. (C) Fever for a period exceeding one week. (D) Night sweats. (E) Unexplained weight loss. Article 7. Revenues 1796.37. There is in the State Treasury the Home Care Organization Fund. Notwithstanding Section 13340 of the Government Code, all money in the fund is continuously appropriated to the department for the purpose of carrying out and enforcing this chapter. 1796.39. The department shall assess fees for each location of a home care organization in amounts sufficient to cover the costs of administering this chapter. The department may periodically adjust these fees for inflation. The fees collected pursuant to this chapter shall be deposited in the Home Care Organization Fund. The department shall consult with the state home care industry association in developing the fee methodology. Article 8. Enforcement and Penalties 1796.40. (a) A home care organization operating in violation of this chapter or any rule adopted hereunder may be subject to the penalties or fines levied or licensure action taken by the department as specified in this section. (b) When the department determines that a home care organization is in violation of this chapter or any regulations adopted hereunder, a notice of violation shall be served upon the licensee. Each notice of violation shall be prepared in writing and shall specify the nature of the violation and the statutory provision or regulation alleged to have been violated. The notice shall inform the licensee of any action the department may take under this chapter, including the requirement of an agency plan of correction, assessment of a penalty, or action to suspend, revoke, or deny renewal of the license. The director or his or her designee shall also inform the licensee of rights to a hearing under this chapter. (c) The department may impose an administrative fine of up to four hundred dollars ($400) per day commencing on the date the violation was identified and ending on the date the violation is corrected, or action is taken to suspend, revoke, or deny renewal of the license, whichever comes first. (d) In determining the penalty or licensure action, the director shall consider all of the following factors: (1) The gravity of the violation, including the probability that death or serious physical or mental harm to a client will result or has resulted, the severity of the actual or potential harm, and the extent to which the provisions of the applicable statutes or regulations were violated. (2) The reasonable diligence exercised by the licensee and efforts to correct violations. (3) Any previous violations committed by the licensee. (4) The financial benefit to the home care organization of committing or continuing the violation. (e) The department shall adopt regulations establishing procedures for notices, correction plans, appeals, and hearings. In developing the procedures, the department shall convene and consult with a working group of affected stakeholders.