BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 382
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          Date of Hearing:   April 23, 2013

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON JUDICIARY
                                Bob Wieckowski, Chair
                    AB 382 (Mullin) - As Amended:  April 15, 2013
           
          SUBJECT  :  STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT: ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS:  
          PUBLIC ACCESS

           KEY ISSUE  :  IN ORDER TO HELP COUNTY RETIREMENT SYSTEMS BECOME  
          MORE COMPETITIVE IN THE MARKETPLACE, SHOULD INFORMATION  
          PERTAINING TO ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS BE ADDED TO THE TYPES OF  
          OTHER INFORMATION ALREADY EXEMPTED FROM DISCLOSURE AND OPEN  
          MEETING REQUIREMENTS UNDER THE BROWN ACT?
           
          FISCAL EFFECT  :  As currently in print this bill is keyed  
          non-fiscal.

                                      SYNOPSIS

          Under existing law, "alternative investments" are investments in  
          a private equity fund, venture fund, hedge fund, or absolute  
          return fund.  County and statewide retirement systems currently  
          may invest in alternative investment vehicles in their quest to  
          achieve profitability.  According to the author, however, these  
          pension funds are at a distinct disadvantage in the marketplace  
          because many documents associated with alternative investments  
          are required to be publicly disclosed under the Brown Act -  
          despite the fact that the same business records are currently  
          exempted from disclosure under the California Public Records Act  
          (PRA).  This bill, sponsored by the State Association of County  
          Retirements Systems, seeks to resolve this inconsistency by  
          adding alternative investments to the list of written records  
          currently exempt from the Brown Act if those records are part of  
          a public hearing.  In addition, this bill seeks to clarify that  
          a local agency that invests pension funds may hold a closed  
          session to simply consider information related to alternative  
          investments, rather than only to consider the purchase or sale  
          of particular, specific alternative investments, under a strict  
          reading of the statute.  A number of organized labor  
          organizations have contacted the Committee to officially remove  
          their opposition to the bill as currently in print, and the bill  
          currently has no known opposition.  This bill is double-referred  
          to the Assembly Local Government Committee should it be approved  
          by this Committee.








                                                                  AB 382
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           SUMMARY  :  Amends the Brown Act to include information about  
          alternative investments among the types of information already  
          exempted from the Act.  Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Permits a legislative body of a local agency that invests  
            pension funds to hold a closed session to consider the  
            purchase or sale of alternative investments and related  
            information, as specified.

          2)Provides that specified written information concerning  
            alternative investments shall be exempt from the general  
            requirement that writings, when distributed to all, or a  
            majority of all, of the members of a legislative body of a  
            local agency in connection with a matter subject to discussion  
            or consideration at an open meeting of the body, are  
            disclosable public records under the California Public Records  
            Act.

          3)Makes Legislative findings and declarations with respect to  
            the Brown Act, specifically that the public interest in  
            nondisclosure pursuant to the Act outweighs the public  
            interest in disclosure, since disclosure of the information  
            under the Act puts public pension funds at a competitive  
            disadvantage in the marketplace, likely reducing a pension  
            fund's return on investment and thereby necessitating greater  
            contribution from the public for the support of public  
            pensions.

           EXISTING LAW  :  

          Pursuant to the California Public Records Act (PRA):

          1)Exempts the following records, regarding alternative  
            investments in which public investment funds invest, from  
            disclosure pursuant to the California Public Records Act,  
            unless the information has already been publicly released by  
            the keeper of the information:

             a)   Due diligence materials that are proprietary to the  
               public investment fund or the alternative investment  
               vehicle.
             b)   Quarterly and annual financial statements of alternative  
               investment vehicles.
             c)   Meeting materials of alternative investment vehicles.








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             d)   Records containing information regarding the portfolio  
               positions in which alternative investment funds invest.
             e)   Capital call and distribution notices.
             f)   Alternative investment agreements and all related  
               documents.  (Government Code 6254.26(a).  Unless otherwise  
               noted, all further references are to this code.)

          2)Specifies information, regarding alternative investments in  
            which public investment funds invest, that shall be subject to  
            disclosure, and shall not be considered a trade secret exempt  
            from disclosure, including, among other things:

             a)   The name, address, and vintage year of each alternative  
               investment vehicle.
             b)   The dollar amount of the commitment made to each  
               alternative investment vehicle by the public investment  
               fund since inception.
             c)   The dollar amount of cash contributions made by the  
               public investment fund to each alternative investment  
               vehicle since inception.
             d)   The dollar amount, on a fiscal yearend basis, of cash  
               distributions received by the public investment fund from  
               each alternative investment vehicle.
             e)   The dollar amount of cash profit received by public  
               investment funds from each alternative investment vehicle  
               on a fiscal year-end basis.  (Section 6254.26(b).)

          Pursuant to the Brown Act:

          3)Permits a legislative body of a local agency that invests  
            pension funds to hold a closed session to consider the  
            purchase or sale of particular, specific pension fund  
            investments.  Further provides that all investment transaction  
            decisions made during the closed session shall be made by  
            roll-call vote entered into the minutes of the closed session.  
             (Section 54956.81.)

          4)Provides that agendas of public meetings and any other  
            writings, when distributed to all, or a majority of all, of  
            the members of a legislative body of a local agency by any  
            person in connection with a matter subject to discussion or  
            consideration at an open meeting of the body, are disclosable  
            public records under the California Public Records Act and  
            shall be made available upon request without delay.  (Section  
            54957.5(a).)








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          5)Exempts from the above disclosure requirement several types of  
            writings, including, among other things, preliminary drafts,  
            notes or interagency memoranda; records pertaining to pending  
            litigation against a public agency; personnel or medical  
            files; and many more.  (Section 54957.5(a).)

          6)Requires the above writings that are public records and  
            distributed during a public meeting to be made available for  
            public inspection at the meeting if prepared by the local  
            agency or a member of its legislative body, or after the  
            meeting if prepared by some other person.  (Section  
            54957.5(c).)

           COMMENTS  :  County and statewide retirement systems invest in  
          alternative investment vehicles in their quest to achieve  
          profitability.  According to the author, however, these pension  
          funds are at a distinct disadvantage in the marketplace because  
          many documents associated with alternative investments are  
          required to be publicly disclosed under the Brown Act - despite  
          the fact that the same business records are currently exempted  
          from disclosure under the California Public Records Act (PRA).   
          This bill, sponsored by the State Association of County  
          Retirements Systems, seeks to resolve this inconsistency by  
          adding alternative investments to the list of written records  
          currently exempt from the Brown Act if those records are part of  
          a public hearing.  In addition, this bill also modestly expands  
          the authority of retirement boards to meet in closed session to  
          discuss information relating to alternative investments, as  
          specified.

           Stated Need for the Bill  .  According to the author:

               The purpose of this bill is to make public pension  
               systems more competitive in the marketplace.  The  
               forced disclosure of alternative investments impedes  
               and hinders investment returns. For example, release  
               of investment research on a commercial property could  
               lead to investor speculation on that property, drive  
               up price, and limit return on investment. It also  
               makes retirement systems less desirable partners  
               because many documents associated with a business  
               transaction become public records.  

               It is in the public interest to avoid the disclosure  








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               of sensitive information regarding alternative  
               investments because we need to ensure that pension  
               funds are as profitable as possible, otherwise  
               taxpayers could have to foot the bill for the  
               pension's unfunded liabilities.  This bill basically  
               extends the same protections currently available to  
               CalPERS, CalSTRS, and UCERS under the Public Records  
               Act to County Retirement systems who are subject to  
               the Brown Act. 

           Background on alternative investments  .  Under existing law, the  
          term "alternative investment" refers to an investment in a  
          private equity fund, venture fund, hedge fund, or absolute  
          return fund.  (Government Code Section 6254.26(c).)  Venture  
          capital is a source of financing for start-up companies that  
          entails some investment risk but offers the potential for  
          above-average profits. A hedge fund is commonly used by wealthy  
          investors and institutions to employ aggressive strategies that  
          are unavailable to holders of mutual funds, including selling  
          short, leverage, program trading, swaps, arbitrage, and  
          derivatives.  

          Prior to 2005, there were reports that some venture capital  
          firms and hedge funds were denying access to their investments  
          to public institutions such as the University of California  
          because of the fear that sensitive financial information about  
          the funds was vulnerable because it could be obtained pursuant  
          to the California Public Records Act, requiring disclosure of  
          public records unless exempted.  In addition, public pension  
          funds were reportedly getting sued to compel the disclosure of  
          information related to these highly profitable investments in  
          venture capital funds, hedge funds, and other alternative  
          investments.

          In response, the Legislature approved and the Governor signed SB  
          439 (Simitian), Ch. 258, Stats. 2005, which established that  
          specified information related to alternative investments would  
          be exempt from disclosure under the PRA, so as to restore some  
          competitive advantage to public pension systems competing in the  
          marketplace.

          According to the author, some examples of the types of  
          information related to alternative investments that are now  
          exempted from the PRA include capital call and distribution  
          notices, meeting materials, and portfolio positions.  Capital  








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          call and distribution notices are formal requests from partners  
          and outside managers identifying specific assets and how much is  
          being distributed to them--information that proponents contend  
          could lead to inflating the costs of potential investments.   
          Meeting materials are documents from meetings between  
          representatives of the retirement system and potential sellers,  
          buyers, partners, investors and others.  These documents could  
          include strategies for each asset, plans for maximizing value,  
          risks impacting an asset, concerns about competitors, and  
          discussions that could culminate in sales, investments or  
          acquisitions.  Finally, portfolio positions are documents that  
          detail how much individuals or partnerships own of specific  
          investment vehicles.
           
          This bill seeks to address two inconsistencies in the Brown Act  
          that appear to hinder the purpose of SB 439.   First, the bill  
          seeks to harmonize exemptions for alternative investment  
          information between the Brown Act and the Public Records Act.   
          Currently, the Brown Act generally requires that written  
          material that is part of a public hearing shall be part of the  
          public record and available for inspection, but it also exempts  
          from disclosure certain written materials that are already  
          exempt from disclosure under the PRA.  Section 54957.5(a), part  
          of the Brown Act, provides this extensive list of exemptions by  
          cross referencing numerous sections of the PRA that identify  
          various kinds of records exempted under the PRA.  However,  
          alternative investments are not included among the records  
          specifically exempted by this section of the Brown Act.  

          Despite the fact that SB 439 made information concerning  
          alternative investments exempt from the Public Records Act,  
          proponents note that if a local agency is making decisions  
          relating to alternative investments at a public meeting, the  
          material must still be made available under the Brown Act, thus  
          effectively negating the PRA exemption and making it moot.  To  
          address this, this bill would amend the Brown Act to include  
          alternative investments among the list of information and  
          records that are also exempt under the Brown Act as well as the  
          PRA.

          In addition, this bill modestly expands the authority of  
          retirement boards to meet in closed session to discuss  
          information relating to alternative investments.  Under the  
          Brown Act, a local board or agency may meet in closed session to  
          discuss the purchase or sale of pension fund investments.  In  








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          those cases, investment transaction decisions are recorded by  
          vote and are appropriately made public.  According to the  
          author, however, retirement boards acting as limited partner  
          investors often meet to consider amendments and other  
          information related to partnership agreements after a "purchase"  
          of pension fund investments was already made in closed session.   


          Proponents contend that such amendments and information are also  
          very sensitive, and their disclosure could materially affect  
          investment return in the same manner as information related to  
          the original purchase, which is currently protected.  To address  
          this, the bill seeks to clarify that a local agency that invests  
          pension funds may hold a closed session to simply consider  
          information related to alternative investments, rather than only  
          consideration of the purchase or sale of particular, specific  
          alternative investments.
           
          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          State Association of County Retirements Systems (sponsor)

           Opposition 
           
          None on file
          
          Analysis Prepared by  :   Anthony Lew / JUD. / (916) 319-2334