BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó




                                                                  AB 484
                                                                  Page A
          Date of Hearing:   May 15, 2013

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                  Mike Gatto, Chair

                   AB 484 (Bonilla) - As Amended:  April 24, 2013 

          Policy Committee:                              Education  
          Vote:6-0

          Urgency:     Yes                  State Mandated Local Program:  
          No     Reimbursable:              No

           SUMMARY  

          This bill extends authorization for the state's K-12 assessment  
          system from July 1, 2014 to January 1, 2024 and renames it the  
          California Measurement of Academic Performance and Progress for  
          the 21st Century (CalMAPP21).  Suspends non-core subject area  
          California Standards Assessments (CSTs) administered under the  
          Standardized Testing and Reporting (STAR) program, beginning in  
          the 2013-14 school year, until new assessments addressing the  
          Common Core (CC) Standards are developed and implemented.   
          Specifically, this bill: 

          1)Defines CalMAPP21 as the comprehensive assessment system with  
            the primary purpose of modeling and promoting high-quality  
            teaching and instruction using a variety of assessment  
            approaches and item types in both the federal Elementary and  
            Secondary Education Act (ESEA) required and non-required ESEA  
            subject areas.  

          2)Requires only the following STAR assessments to be  
            administered beginning in the 2013-14 school year: (a) core  
            subject area CSTs in grades 3-11 necessary to satisfy the  
            federal No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB - current  
            version of the ESEA); (b) the California High School Exit Exam  
            (CAHSEE); and (c) assessments augmented as part of the Early  
            Assessment Program in grade l1 until new CC Standard  
            assessments are developed and implemented.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  












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           1)CalMAPP21 Costs<1>  : 

              a)   2013-14 Fiscal Year (FY)  :  Total GF/98 STAR contract and  
               apportionment savings of approximately $15.1 million to  
               only administer the required ESEA assessments.  Of this  
               savings, approximately $11.3 million is contract savings  
               and $3.8 million is apportionment savings.  The state  
               provides local education agencies (LEAs) and charter  
               schools with an apportionment reimbursement of $2.52 per  
               pupil for administering these assessments. 

              b)   2014-15 FY and beyond :  While the actual costs of  
               administering the Summative Multi-State Assessment  
               Resources for Teachers and Educational Researchers  
               (SMARTER) Balanced Consortium assessments are not  
               finalized, initial estimates indicate annual total costs  
               would be approximately $97.1 million GF/98 at full  
               implementation, which is approximately $31.1 million GF/98  
               more than currently being allocated annually for the STAR  
               program at full implementation.  This assumes grades 3-11  
               are assessed ($66.4 million) and grade 9, 11, and 12  
               receive an "add-on" assessment ($30.7 million).  The  
               consortium assessments are vastly different than the  
               current STAR assessments.  For example, these assessments  
               are designed to be online and computer adaptive as opposed  
               to the paper - and - pencil STAR assessments currently  
               administered to pupils.  Likewise, there will be optional  
               initial and formative assessments as part of this system.   
               These assessments will be given throughout the year to help  
               teachers and administrators receive interim data on how  
               pupils are progressing on academic content throughout the  
               year.        

           2)Other Costs  .

             a)   GF administrative costs to SDE, likely between $500,000  
               and $1 million, to convene stakeholder groups to discuss  
               the development of an alternative assessment for  
               individuals with exceptional needs, a science assessment  
               aligned to the Next Generation of Science Standards, and  
               standards-aligned primary language assessment for English  
             --------------------------
          <1>These costs are GF/98 only and do not include federal funds.   
          The state does receive federal NCLB Title VI funds to offset  
          state assessments costs for the STAR program, the CAHSEE, and  
          the California English Language Development Test. 








                                                                  AB 484
                                                                  Page C
               learner (EL) pupils, as specified.  

             b)   GF/98 cost pressure, at least in the tens of millions,  
               to SDE to develop non-required ESEA assessments (e.g.,  
               history-social science, science tests at the high school  
               level, primary language assessments, and high school math  
               assessments) and the assessments referenced above for  
               individuals with exceptional needs and EL pupils.   

             c)   GF/98 costs likely between $500,000 and $1 million, to  
               SDE to contract for a multi-year, independent evaluation of  
                CalMAPP21, as specified.  

           SUMMARY CONTINUED
           
          1)Requires all LEAs and charter schools, beginning in the  
            2014-15 school year, to administer consortium assessments in  
            ELA and mathematics in grades 3-8 and grade 11 and use these  
            assessments to replace previously administered STAR  
            assessments in these grade levels to satisfy federal ESEA  
            requirements.  

          2)Eliminates the administration of second grade tests in the  
            state's assessment system and those tests not required under  
            the federal ESEA (see chart below).  Further exempts recently  
            arrived EL pupils (an EL pupil who has been enrolled in school  
            for less than 12 months) from taking the consortium English  
            language arts (ELA) assessment.    

          3)Eliminates the primary language assessments in ELA and  
            mathematics administered to EL pupils in grades 2-11 from the  
            state's assessment system.   

          4)Eliminates existing apportionment funding provided to school  
            districts, COEs, and charter schools for the administration of  
            the following: (a) other achievement tests in grades other  
            than those required under CalMAPP21, (b) alternative  
            assessment for individuals with exceptional needs, and (c) the  
            primary language assessments for EL and non-EL pupils.  

          5)Requires school districts and charter schools, in the 2014-15  
            school year, to receive the same amount of STAR apportionment  
            as received for the 2013-14 school year, with the requirement  
            that districts and charter schools use the funds from the  
            suspended assessments on CC implementation, including  









                                                                  AB 484
                                                                  Page D
            professional development, technology to implement CalMAPP21,  
            or other relevant activities.  

          6)Authorizes SDE, beginning with the 2013-14 school year, to  
            make available to districts and charter schools suspended STAR  
            test forms.  Further requires school districts and charter  
            schools that choose to administer suspended assessments to do  
            so at their own expense, as specified.  

          7)Authorizes SDE to enter into contracts to implement CalMAPP21  
            and requires the State Board  of Education (SBE), as it deems  
            necessary, to revise state assessment regulations (including  
            establishing emergency regulations) for the purpose of  
            implementing the new assessment system.  

          8)Requires the SPI, with SBE approval, to provide for the  
            development of an alternative assessment for individuals with  
            special needs and the degree by which pupils are achieving the  
            academically rigorous content standards, as specified.

          9)Requires the SPI to make recommendations to the SBE regarding  
            science tests required under NCLB within six months of the  
            adoption of the Next Generation Science Standards.

          10)Requires the SPI to consult with stakeholders and subject  
            matter experts in determining how to assess non-required ESEA  
            subject areas, including, but not limited to, science,  
            mathematics, history-social science, technology, and visual  
            and performing arts.  This involves developing a plan by  
            January 15, 2015, as specified.  

          11)Requires the SPI, contingent on funding for this purpose, to  
            consult with stakeholders (including EL experts) to determine  
            if a stand-alone ELA and mathematics primary language  
            assessment is needed to supplement the consortium assessment.   
            Further requires this work to be completed by November 2014.  

          12)Requires SDE, contingent on funding for this purpose and by  
            December 1, 2014, to identify existing grade 2 assessments in  
            ELA and mathematics available for a diagnostic use by school  
            districts, as specified.  

          13)Requires SDE to administer an LEA survey to determine how  
            school districts are progressing toward implementation of a  
            technology-enabled assessment system and update the results  









                                                                  AB 484
                                                                  Page E
            biannually.  Further requires the SPI to make recommendations  
            to the Legislature, on or before January 31, 2014, to identify  
            LEA needs in order to implement the system.  

          14)Requires SDE to contract for a multi-year independent  
            evaluation of the assessments, including annual reports.      
           
          15)Requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI) to  
            produce assessment materials for parents in languages other  
            than English, upon determination that funds are available for  
            this purpose.  

           COMMENTS  

           1)Rationale  .  As a condition of applying for the federal Race to  
            the Top (RTT) grant program, states were required to adopt the  
            CC Standards in ELA and mathematics by the fall of 2010. In  
            August 2010, the SBE adopted these standards. 

            The U.S. Department of Education, using Race To The Top grant  
            funding, issued a competitive grant for the development of a  
            comprehensive assessment system based on the Common Core (CC)  
            Standards in ELA and mathematics that would adhere to the  
            testing requirements of the federal Elementary and Secondary  
            Education Act (ESEA). ESEA requires testing in ELA and  
            mathematics in grades three through eight and once in grades  
            10 through 12. 

            Two assessment consortia were funded through this process: the  
            Partnership for the Assessment of Readiness for College and  
            Careers and the SMARTER Balanced Assessment Consortium. Each  
            consortium was awarded grant funding to develop an assessment  
            system aligned to the CC Standards in ELA and mathematics and  
            to help participating states implement the standards and the  
            common assessments. Both consortia are scheduled to  
            operationalize assessments 2014-15 and include use computer  
            administered assessments.

            In June 2010, California joined the SMARTER Balanced  
            consortium. Participation in this consortium requires  
            California to administer and use the assessments developed by  
            the consortium to meet the ESEA Title I requirements in the  
            2014-15 school year.  This bill implements this requirement  
            and specifies the primary purpose of the state's assessment  
            system - CalMAPP21 - is the consortium assessments, as  









                                                                  AB 484
                                                                  Page F
            specified.  

           2)Current law establishes STAR as the state's primary K-12  
            assessment system  . This program consists of three elements:  
            (a) California Standards Tests (CST), including tests in  
            Spanish for specified grades; (c) the Spanish Assessment of  
            Basic Education primary language test, and (d) the California  
            Alternative Performance Assessment for special education  
            pupils. The STAR program is scheduled to sunset in 2014.  This  
            measure renames the state's assessment system and provides  
            that only those CSTs administered in grades 3-8 and grade 10  
            will be administered in the 2013-14 school year.   

            The following table displays the current STAR assessments and  
            whether or not they are included in the proposed CalMAPP21, as  
            specified.  


                ---------------------------------------------------------- 
               |        Assessment         |   Required    |  Suspended   |
               |                           |  (per ESEA)   |  (non-ESEA)  |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |ELA - Grade 2              |               |      X       |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |ELA - Grades 3-8           |       X       |              |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |ELA - Grades 9-11          |               |      X       |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |CA Alternative Performance |               |              |
               |Assessment (CAPA) - ELA -  |               |      X       |
               |Grade 2                    |               |              |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |CAPA - ELA - Grade 10      |       X       |              |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |CAPA - ELA - Grade 11      |               |      X       |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Math - Grade 2             |               |      X       |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Math - Grade 3-8           |       X       |              |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |CAPA - Math - Grade 9      |               |      X       |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |CAPA - Math - Grade 11     |               |      X       |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Algebra I - Grades 7-8     |       X       |              |









                                                                  AB 484
                                                                  Page G
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |General Math - Grade 8     |       X       |              |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Geometry - Grade 8         |       X       |              |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Algebra II                 |               |      X       |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Summative Math - Grades    |               |      X       |
               |9-12                       |               |              |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Integrated Math - Grades   |               |      X       |
               |9-12                       |               |              |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |CAPA - ELA - Grades        |               |              |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |                           |               |              |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Science - Grade 5          |       X       |              |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Life Science - Grade 10    |       X       |              |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Biology                    |               |      X       |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Chemistry                  |               |      X       |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Earth Science              |               |      X       |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Physics                    |               |      X       |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Integrated Science         |               |      X       |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |History-Social Science -   |               |      X       |
               |Grade 8                    |               |              |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |U.S. History - Grade 11    |               |      X       |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Primary Language           |               |      X       |
               |Assessment                 |               |              |
               |(ELA - Grades 2-11)        |               |              |
               |---------------------------+---------------+--------------|
               |Primary Language           |               |      X       |
               |Assessment                 |               |              |
               |(Math - Grades 2-7)        |               |              |
                ---------------------------------------------------------- 










                                                                  AB 484
                                                                  Page H
           3)Elimination of the primary language assessment  .  SB 1448  
            (Alpert), Chapter 233, Statutes of 2004, required SDE to  
            establish primary language CSTs for ELA and mathematics. To  
            date, there are Spanish CSTs available for pupils enrolled in  
            grades 2-11 in ELA and for pupils enrolled in grades 2-7 in  
            mathematics. Also, Spanish CST are available for pupils  
            enrolled in algebra I and geometry. Statute authorizes a pupil  
            to take a primary language CST. The pupil, however, is  
            required to take this assessment in addition to all CSTs in  
            English for specified subjects (i.e., ELA, mathematics,  
            history/social science, and science).  According to SDE,  
            34,346 EL pupils took the Spanish CSTs in ELA and 36,887 EL  
            pupils took the Spanish CST for mathematics in 2012.

            Current law authorizes EL pupils enrolled in school less than  
            12 months or who receive primary language instruction and  
            non-EL pupils, as specified, to take the standards-aligned  
            primary language assessment. This information provides  
            valuable information on a pupil's knowledge of the ELA and  
            mathematics standards.  For example, an EL pupil may have  
            academic content knowledge, but this knowledge cannot be  
            measured accurately if he or she does not understand the test  
            because it is in English.   

            There were 1.4 million ELL pupils enrolled in California  
            schools.  This represents 22.3% of all children enrolled in  
            school.  According to SDE, 35% of ELLs are enrolled in  
            kindergarten. The committee may wish to consider requiring SDE  
            to continue administering the current primary language  
            assessment and develop a new primary language assessment  
            aligned to the CC Standards.  

           4)Related legislation  .  

             a)   AB 959 (Bonilla), pending in this committee, requires  
               the SPI and the SBE, in consultation with the University of  
               California (UC), the California State University (CSU), the  
               California Community Colleges (CCCs), and other specified  
               groups, to recommend specific use of the summative results  
               of middle and high school Common Core (CC) assessments by  
               UC, CSU, and CCCs for entry into college, course placement,  
               career opportunities, and assessment programs at the  
               college level.  

             b)   SB 247 (Liu), pending in the Senate Appropriations  









                                                                  AB 484
                                                                  Page I
               Committee, extends the STAR Program by two years from July  
               1, 2014 to July 1, 2016.  This measure also eliminates the  
               requirement that  pupils in grade 2 be assessed in ELA and  
               mathematics under this program and instead, requires SDE,  
               beginning July 1, 2014, to make available to school  
               districts information regarding existing diagnostic  
               assessments that are appropriate for second grade. 


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Kimberly Rodriguez / APPR. / (916)  
          319-2081