BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



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          (  Without Reference to File  )
           
          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 566 (Wieckowski)
          As Amended September 11, 2013
          Majority vote 
           
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |51-25|(May 30, 2013)  |SENATE: |22-12|(September 12, |
          |           |     |                |        |     |2013)          |
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           Original Committee Reference:    JUD.  

           SUMMARY  :  Requires, until January 1, 2020, a court to comply  
          with specified requirements before contracting out services  
          currently or customarily performed by that court's trial court  
          employees.  Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Provides that, until January 1, 2020, if a trial court seeks  
            to contract for services currently or customarily, as defined,  
            performed by that court's trial court employees, all of the  
            following apply:

             a)   The contract may not be approved if, in light of the  
               services provided by the trial courts and the special  
               nature of the judicial function, it would be inconsistent  
               with the public interest to have the services performed by  
               a private entity.

             b)   The court clearly demonstrates that the contract will  
               result in actual, overall cost savings to the court,  
               considering specified factors, as provided.

             c)   The contract savings are not the result of lower  
               contractor pay rates or benefits, provided the contract is  
               eligible for approval if the contractor's wages are at the  
               industry standard and do not materially undercut trial  
               court pay rates.

             d)   The contract does not cause existing trial court  
               employees to lose employment, as provided.

             e)   The contract is awarded through a competitive bidding  
               process.








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             f)   The contract provides for qualified staff, and the  
               contractor's hiring practices are nondiscriminatory.

             g)   The contract allows for immediate termination by the  
               trial court, without penalty, for material breach.

             h)   For contracts over $100,000, requires the contract to i)  
               disclose specified information, ii) provide measurable  
               performance standards; and iii) require a performance audit  
               and a cost audit be done and considered prior to any  
               contract renewal.

             i)   The contract may only be awarded if the savings clearly  
               justify the size and duration of the contracting agreement.

          2)Provides that the provisions in 1) above, do not apply to:

             a)   Contracts between a trial court and another trial court  
               or a government entity for services to be performed by  
               employees of that trial court or government entity;

             b)   Contracts for a new trial court function for which the  
               Legislature has specifically mandated or authorized the  
               performance of the services by independent contractors;

             c)   Services contracted for that are of such a highly  
               specialized or technical nature that necessary expertise  
               are not available from court employees;

             d)   Services incidental to a contract for purchase of  
               property, except for contracts to operate equipment or  
               computers (other than service or maintenance agreements);

             e)   Contracts needed to protect against conflict of interest  
               or ensure independent unbiased findings;

             f)   Emergency situations;

             g)   Training courses when qualified instructors not  
               available from court employees;

             h)   Services that are of such an urgent, temporary or  
               occasional nature that delay in hiring employees would  
               frustrate their very purpose, but this provision does not  








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               apply to court reporters, except individual pro tempore  
               court reporters may be used as appropriate;

             i)   Contracts for services with individuals with  
               developmental disabilities pursuant to rehabilitation  
               programs; and 

             j)   Contracts for services of court interpreters.

          3)Does not preclude a trial court or the Judicial Council from  
            adopting more restrictive rules regarding contracting of court  
            services.

          4)Applies to any contract entered into, renewed or extended  
            after the bill's effective date.

          5)Requires each trial court that enters into a personal services  
            contract between July 1, 2013, and the effective date of the  
            bill, with a term beyond March 1, 2014, to report to the  
            Legislature by February 1, 2014, on the contract, as provided.  
             States the intent of the Legislature to consider reducing  
            future budget appropriations to a trial court if such a  
            contract would not have been allowed under the terms set forth  
            in 1) and 2), above.

          6)Contains a severability clause.

           The Senate amendments  add the sunset, delete the retroactive  
          effect of the bill, define customarily, add seven new exemptions  
          to contracting restrictions and require trial courts to report  
          to the Legislature on specified contracts.
           
          EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Provides that employees of the state be appointed through the  
            civil service system.  

          2)Limits personal service contracts (contracting out) for work  
            done by state employees to when specified conditions are  
            satisfied, including:

             a)   The contracting state agency clearly demonstrates actual  
               overall savings.

             b)   The contract savings are not the result of lower  








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               contractor pay rates or benefits, provided the contract is  
               eligible for approval if the contractor's wages are at the  
               industry standard and do not undercut existing pay rates.

             c)   The contract does not cause displacement of state civil  
               service employees.

             d)   The amount of the savings clearly justifies the  
               agreement.

             e)   The contract is awarded through a competitive bidding  
               process.

             f)   The potential for future economic risk for the state  
               from the contractor is minimal.

             g)   The potential economic advantage of contracting out is  
               not outweighed by the public's interest in having a  
               particular function performed directly by the state.  

          3)Permits contracting out of work done by state employees in  
            limited specified situations, including new state functions,  
            services that cannot be performed within civil service, and  
            emergency situations.  

          4)Prevents a school district or community college district from  
            contracting out services currently or customarily performed by  
            classified employees, unless conditions similar to those set  
            out in 2) above, are satisfied.  

          5)Prevents, until January 1, 2019, a city or library district  
            from withdrawing from a county free library system and  
            operating libraries with a private contractor, unless  
            conditions similar to 2) above, are satisfied.  

          6)Allows a county to contract out for "special services," as  
            provided.    

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Senate Appropriations  
          Committee:

          1)Unknown, significant loss of future cost savings potentially  
            in the millions of dollars (General Fund*) per year to the  
            extent the provisions of this measure restrict the ability of  
            courts to transition to the use of technology-based services  








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            for existing court services, including but not limited to  
            court reporting. 

          2)The amendment removing the July 1, 2012, retroactive provision  
            but adding the services of court reporters more broadly to be  
            subject to the contracting standards could still result in the  
            potential fiscal impact of nearly $2 million as previously  
            indicated by the Judicial Council. To the extent the inclusion  
            of court reporter services impacts additional courts that have  
            been utilizing electronic court reporting in limited cases,  
            the potential fiscal impact could potentially be greater. 

          3)Unknown, significant costs potentially in the millions of  
            dollars (General Fund*) to the extent the standards  
            established in this bill limit the courts' ability to  
            negotiate contracts for services, including but not limited to  
            for extended contracts (limits contract terms to five years),  
            pay rates, and contracts with non-local governmental agencies.

          4)Ongoing significant administrative costs (General Fund*) to  
            the courts to demonstrate that a decision to contract out for  
            services is allowable under the bill's parameters, and to  
            provide the specified additional information and performance  
            audits for contracts exceeding $100,000.

          5)To the extent the contracting restrictions expose the trial  
            courts to legal action from persons or groups contesting  
            whether the specified conditions were met, additional costs  
            could be incurred. 

          *Trial Court Trust Fund (TCTF)

           COMMENTS  :  Nearly all government entities in California are  
          restricted from contracting out functions customarily done by  
          public employees, unless specified conditions are satisfied.   
          These requirements are designed to ensure that not only is work  
          done cost-effectively, but that the public interest in  
          government activities remains paramount.  As a general rule,  
          work performed for the state must be done by state employees  
          unless the proposed contract for personal services meets  
          specified criteria, including a clear demonstration of cost  
          savings.  Schools and community college districts are also  
          required to comply with the same standards that apply to state  
          departments.  Just two years ago, the Legislature passed, and  
          the Governor signed, almost identical provisions to limit the  








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          privatization of public libraries in AB 438 (Williams), Chapter  
          611, Statutes of 2011.  This bill, jointly sponsored by the  
          Service Employees International Union (SEIU) and the American  
          Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME),  
          seeks to extend these same due diligence protections to the  
          trial courts in a pilot program.

          The author writes that this bill is necessary not only to ensure  
          that scarce court resources are used as effectively and  
          efficiently as possible, but also to protect the very integrity  
          of the court process:  "AB 566 is consistent with the law today  
          for the state, school districts, community colleges, and our  
          libraries.  This bill simply puts the trial courts on par with  
          other important government functions by ensuring that our tax  
          dollars are accountable and that the public's interest in fair  
          and judicious courts is considered before privatizing critical  
          court functions." 

          The due diligence requirements in this bill are very similar to  
          requirements today that apply to all state agencies, as well as  
          schools, community colleges and libraries.  Like the courts,  
          these entities, with the exception of the libraries, receive the  
          bulk of their funding from and through the state.

          Historically, trial courts in California were county entities,  
          funded by the counties, but in 1997, after significant problems  
          came to light with the county-based court funding model, the  
          Legislature passed the Lockyer-Isenberg Trial Court Funding Act,  
          AB 233 (Escutia and Pringle), Chapter 850, Statutes of 1997.   
          Under that bill, the state assumed responsibility for funding  
          the courts and helping ensure equal access to a quality judicial  
          system statewide.  After the state took over funding, the courts  
          received significant funding increases and historically  
          underfunded courts saw greater increases.  Unfortunately, the  
          recession forced significant reductions in state General Fund  
          support for the courts, but "one-time" fixes, backfills and new  
          revenues have, to date, spared the court system some of the  
          General Fund reductions.

          Nevertheless the state's trial courts and their employees, and  
          all court users in the state, have been experiencing tragic  
          reductions in court services and basic access to justice.  Trial  
          courts have been taking dramatic and painful steps to address  
          the budget cuts, including 1) closing courthouses and  
          courtrooms, some on selected days and others completely; 2)  








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          laying off or furloughing employees; and 3) reducing services,  
          including substantial cuts to self-help and family law  
          facilitator assistance, and providing fewer court reporters and  
          court interpreters.  While the trial courts have received an  
          additional $60 million this year, some of the one-time fixes are  
          set to expire.  As a result, it is anticipated that courts may  
          be looking for additional ways to reduce expenditures.  Courts  
          may therefore understandably be tempted to consider contracting  
          out important court functions in an attempt to reduce expenses.   
          If this is the case, it is important to ensure that such  
          contracting out will actually save the courts money and continue  
          to strongly protect the integrity of the judicial system.   
          According to the author, this bill proposes to do exactly that.

          The Placer Superior Court has reportedly gone so far as to lay  
          off all its court reporters and contract out all of their work  
          to private court reporters.  The Placer Court states that the  
          contract will result in $600,000 in anticipated savings in the  
          2013-14 fiscal year.  However, according to the sponsors, court  
          employees agreed to reduce their wages and benefits to the level  
          of the private contract and attain the $600,000 savings, but the  
          Placer Court nevertheless pursued the private contract even  
          though there were no longer savings.  Moreover, the contract has  
          not increased either the number or type of cases for which court  
          reporters are present.  Thus, court reporting in all cases in  
          Placer County, including juvenile court cases which are closed  
          to the public, will now be performed by a private, for-profit  
          company.  This bill would help ensure that future contracts of  
          this sort not only actually save money for the courts, but also  
          are, most importantly, in the public's interest.

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Leora Gershenzon / JUD. / (916)  
          319-2334 


          FN:  
          0002647