BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                            Senator Kevin de Le�n, Chair


          AB 641 (Rendon) - Family Child Care Providers: Bargaining  
          Representative
          
          Amended: July 10, 2013          Policy Vote: Labor and I.R. 3-1
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: No
          Hearing Date: August 19, 2013                                
          Consultant: Jacqueline Wong-Hernandez                       
          
          This bill meets the criteria for referral to the Suspense File. 

          
          Bill Summary: AB 641 authorizes family child care providers to  
          form, join, participate in, and to seek the certification of, a  
          provider organization (PO) to act as their exclusive  
          representative on matters related to child care subsidy  
          programs. This bill establishes a Family Child Care Parent  
          (FCCP) Advisory Committee, as specified. This bill requires the  
          state Department of Social Services (DSS) and the California  
          Department of Education (CDE), with the assistance of specified  
          state departments and agencies, and their contractors and  
          subcontractors, to make specified information regarding family  
          child care providers available to POs, as specified. This bill  
          further requires all resource and referral agencies to provide,  
          without charge, specified workshops to family child care  
          providers. This bill further establishes a stakeholder work  
          group, and requires the DSS to consult with the group, as  
          specified.

          Fiscal Impact: 
              Subsidized child care costs: Potentially substantial  
              increase in state costs, primarily in the CalWORKs program,  
              to the extent that the representation authorized by this  
              bill results in increased salary and benefits for child care  
              providers. At a minimum, annual costs will likely be tens of  
              millions of dollars (General Fund) more than existing state  
              child care costs. See staff comments.

              Public Employee Relations Board (PERB): Significant upfront  
              administrative costs to determine the bargaining unit,  
              including holding an election; this bill specifically  
              provides that the election costs will be reimbursed by  
              participating POs. Potentially significant costs if the PO  








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              and state are unable to reach agreements in the future.

              Data collection and fair share calculation: One-time costs  
              of $7 million to 9 million (General Fund) to collect  
              necessary data from the 33,847 providers, calculate fair  
              share contributions, and build a system to store the  
              information and calculate future payments. Potentially  
              significant ongoing costs for CDE staff to administer the  
              system and manage changes in provider participation. See  
              staff comments.

              State negotiations: Significant new workload for the CDE to  
              negotiate with the PO on behalf of the Superintendent of  
              Public Instruction (SPI) negotiations, and potentially to  
              the DSS and the Department of Finance. Ongoing costs will  
              likely be in the high hundreds of thousands of dollars  
              (General Fund) for negotiations, depending on the scope of  
              the bargaining and the entities involved, and the  
              development of required MOUs when agreements are reached.  



              FCCP Advisory Committee: Annual costs likely in excess  
              $100,000 (General Fund) for the CDE to convene and staff the  
              committee, and to reimburse the committee members as  
              required. Potentially significant ongoing cost pressure to  
              expand services.

              Provider workshops: Significant ongoing cost pressure on  
              the CDE to allocate additional funds to resource and  
              referral agencies for the free workshops this bill requires  
              them to provide. 

              DSS work group: Potentially significant ongoing workload to  
              the DSS; the DSS may incur additional costs if travel and  
              other expenses are to be reimbursed to participants (who  
              will be selected by the PO and the FCCP Advisory Committee).  
              Potentially significant ongoing cost pressure to expand  
              services.

          Background: California subsidizes child care and development for  
          certain low income families. The state's subsidized child care  
          system serves approximately 360,000 children. Care is provided  
          to children in families currently or previously receiving  








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          CalWORKs, as well as to other working families subject to  
          available resources. The state spends approximately $2.2 billion  
          on child care, annually, which is made up of a mix of state  
          funds and federal funds from the Temporary Assistance for Needy  
          Families (TANF) and the Child Care and Development block grants.  


          Existing law requires that day care centers and some family  
          child care homes be licensed and registered with the state.  
          Regulations governing the care, including licensing fee levels,  
          are often based upon on the number of children in care. Family  
          child care homes, where the child care is provided by someone  
          who resides in the home where the care is provided, may only  
          take care of up to 14 children, while day care centers may be  
          licensed for more children.  (Health and Safety Code � 1596.78,  
          1596.80, and 1596.803)

          Existing law exempts family child care providers from the  
          licensing requirement if they meet any of the following  
          criteria: a) the family day care home is providing care for only  
          one family in addition to the provider's own children; b)  
          parents have come together for a cooperative arrangement to  
          combine their efforts for the care of all of their children and  
          no payment is involved; c) the provider is taking care of a  
          relative's child: or, d) the family child care program operates  
          only one day per week for no more than four hours.  
          (HSC � 1596.792 & 1597.53)
           
           Existing law authorizes the SPI to develop standards for quality  
          child care programs and to enter into contracts with child care  
          centers and family child care homes. Existing law also  
          authorizes the CDE to create alternative payment ("voucher")  
          providers in each county to establish a reimbursement system for  
          subsidized child care in which, among other things, eligible  
          parents can choose a licensed day care center or family child  
          care home, and the state reimburses the provider the same rate  
          that the provider charges a family that is not subsidized, up to  
          a ceiling established by the state. (Education Code � 8220 to  
          8227)

          Proposed Law: AB 641 gives licensed and unlicensed child care  
          providers the right to form a single, statewide child care PO to  
          negotiate collectively with the state. Specifically, this bill:









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             1)   Extends the state action antitrust exemption to the  
               activities of the family child care providers and their  
               representatives;

             2)   Creates a right for family child care providers to form  
               provider organizations.  Child care providers would retain  
               the right to join or not join such an organization;

             3)   Requires the DSS to, within 10 days of receipt of a  
               request from a PO, make available to that PO information  
               regarding licensed family child care providers, including  
               each provider's contact information;

             4)   Requires the CDE, within 30 days of receipt of a request  
               from a PO, with the assistance of the relevant  
               organization, to collect information regarding family child  
               care providers, including each provider's contact  
               information, and whether or not the provider has  
               participated in a child care subsidy program in the  
               previous 6 months. The CDE must make that information  
               available to the PO, and the requesting PO must bear the  
               reasonable costs of collecting the information;

             5)   Creates a certification process, and requires the PERB  
               to conduct an election to certify the provider organization  
               as the exclusive bargaining representative;

             6)   Requires the PERB to receive and act upon challenges,  
               petitions for unit certification, and other representation  
               issues, and provides that all POs on the ballot must share  
               equally in the cost of the election;

             7)   Authorizes the PERB to contract with a neutral third  
               party to conduct all necessary elections and other  
               representation requests filed with PERB;

             8)   Creates a representation process, including providing  
               that the child care PO would represent all child care  
               providers in negotiations with the Governor and state  
               agencies on issues that fall within the PO's scope of  
               representation;

             9)   Specifies that the PO's scope of representation  
               includes: a) the administration of laws and regulations  








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               governing licensing of providers; b) joint labor-management  
               committees; c) contract grievance arbitration; d) expanded  
               access to professional development and training  
               opportunities for providers; e) benefits for providers; f)  
               payment procedures for child care subsidy programs; g)  
               reimbursement rates and other economic matters; h) expanded  
               access to food and nutrition programs; i) the deduction of  
               membership dues, fair share fees, and other authorized  
               voluntary deductions; j) building connections between the  
               family child care system and the educational system; k)  
               expanded access to the subsidized family child care system  
               for families in need; and, l) any changes to current  
               practice that would improve recruitment and retention of  
               child care providers, quality of child care programs,  
               additional education of qualified child care providers, and  
               the promotion of the health and safety of providers and the  
               children in their care;

             10)  Requires that the Governor, through the the Department  
               of Human Resources (CalHR), in consultation with the SPI,  
               other state agencies that administer programs of publicly  
               funded child care, and their contractors, must meet and  
               confer in good faith regarding on all matters within the  
               scope of representation with representatives of a certified  
               PO, as specified; 

             11)   Requires the Governor, CalHR, and the certified PO to  
               jointly prepare a written memorandum of understanding  
               (MOU), if an agreement is reached between all parties, and  
               specifies this MOU is binding on all state departments and  
               agencies involved in the administration of child care  
               subsidy programs; 

             12)   Prohibits the child care provider organization from  
               directing or calling a strike;

             13)   Authorizes the parties to submit unresolved issues to  
               the California State Mediation and Conciliation Service  
               within the Department of Industrial Relations for mediation  
               or binding arbitration, as specified; 

             14)   Establishes the FCCP Advisory Committee to advise the  
               Governor, or his or her designee, and any certified PO  
               regarding issues related to the quality, affordability, and  








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               accessibility of child care offered through child care  
               subsidy programs of the state. Specifies membership and  
               reimbursement limitations;

             15)   Requires the DSS to consult with a stakeholder  
               workgroup comprised of child care providers selected by the  
               statewide PO, parents/guardians of children attending  
               family child care selected by the FCCP Advisory Committee,  
               and the CDE, as specified.

          Related Legislation: AB 101 (Perez) 2011 was substantially  
          similar to this bill, which was vetoed by Governor Brown,  
          stating (in part):

             "Today California, like the nation itself, is facing huge  
             budget challenges. Given that reality, I am reluctant to  
             embark on a program of this magnitude and potential cost."

          SB 867 (Cedillo) 2008 was nearly identical to AB 1164 (de Leon)  
          2007, which was vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger, stating: 

            "Changes in the current reimbursement structure, increases in  
            family child care provider reimbursement rates, expanded  
            provider training efforts, or other program enhancements could  
            come at the expense of the number of available child care  
            slots. In light of the current structural budget deficit, it  
            is imperative that we balance our fiscal reality and the need  
            to provide services to working families."

          Staff Comments: The full cost of this bill will be determined by  
          depending on the scope and pace of collective bargaining, and  
          numerous decisions made by the various entities empowered (or,  
          in comes cases, required) to make them: family child care homes  
          and licensed-exempt providers, POs, the CDE, the DSS, the PERB,  
          and the Governor. This bill authorizes actions that are  
          currently prohibited by state law; there will be fiscal  
          ramifications to those actions, but their extent will change  
          over time.

          This bill would allow family child care homes and  
          licensed-exempt providers, which provide about one-third of the  
          subsidized child care in California, to form or join a PO to  
          bargain with the state on their behalf. It specifies that, among  
          other things, the PO will represent the more than 33,000  








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          providers in areas related to: 1) expanded access to  
          professional development and training opportunities; 2) benefits  
          for providers; 3) payment procedures for child care subsidy  
          programs; 3) reimbursement rates and other economic matters; 4)  
          expanded access to food and nutrition programs; 5) expanded  
          access to the subsidized family child care system for families  
          in need; and, l) any changes to current practice that would  
          improve recruitment and retention of child care providers,  
          quality of child care programs, additional education of  
          qualified child care providers, and the promotion of the health  
          and safety of providers and the children in their care.  
          Negotiations in these areas will drive increased costs for the  
          state, and the negotiated changes will likely be the most costly  
          aspect of this bill.

          The purpose of PO representation is to negotiate a better  
          contract for child care providers, likely through increased  
          salary and benefits and better working conditions for providers,  
          which will lead to higher child care costs. The CalWORKs program  
          requires the state to provide subsidized child care to parents  
          who meet eligibility requirements; increased child care costs  
          will be borne state and federal funds for subsidized care. The  
          ultimate amount, however, is unknown. It will change over time,  
          and it will depend upon what benefits are collectively  
          bargained.

          Another substantial upfront cost of this bill will be collecting  
          individual provider data to share with the PO, calculating the  
          fair share fee amount, and collecting fees. The bill appears to  
          make the responsibility for these activities an issue of  
          collective bargaining. Assuming that it becomes the  
          responsibility of the CDE to collect the information from  
          Alternative Payment providers, and complete related activities,  
          the costs for the CDE administration are reflected in the Fiscal  
          Impact (on Page 1). While the bill seems to allow for the CDE to  
          charge the PO some level of administrative fee for collecting  
          fair share contributions, it does not appear that the CDE could  
          fully recover its costs (particularly the millions of dollars in  
          upfront costs for data collection and system-building). If  
          Alternative Payment providers are expected to complete this  
          work, there will likely be additional pressure to for the state  
          to provide more child care funds to offset their costs. 










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