BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 687
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          Date of Hearing:   April 8, 2013

                    ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON UTILITIES AND COMMERCE
                               Steven Bradford, Chair
                AB 687 (Hernandez) - As Introduced:  February 21, 2013
          
          SUBJECT  :   Electricity

           SUMMARY  :   Permits the California Public Utilities Commission  
          (PUC) to give priority direct electrical power purchase rights  
          to public entities cleaning up polluted Superfund groundwater.   
           Specifically, this bill  :

          1)Gives priority direct power purchase rights to public entities  
            currently remediating groundwater that local, state and  
            federal agencies have identified as contaminated and the  
            United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) has  
            placed on its Superfund list.

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)States the Public Utilities Act requires the PUC, pursuant to  
            electrical restructuring, to authorize and facilitate direct  
            transactions between electricity suppliers and retail end-use  
            customers.

          2)Suspends the right of retail end-use customers other than  
            community choice aggregators to acquire service from certain  
            electricity suppliers, after a period of time to be determined  
            by the PUC, until the Department of Water Resources (DWR) no  
            longer supplies electricity under that law.

          3)Requires the PUC to allow individual retail nonresidential  
            end-use customers to acquire electric service from other  
            providers in each electrical corporation's distribution  
            service territory up to a specified maximum allowable total  
            kilowatthours annual limit.  

          4)Requires the PUC to undertake specified actions when  
            authorizing additional direct transactions for retail  
            nonresidential end-use customers.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown.

           COMMENTS  :   According to the author, this bill will ensure that  








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          entities cleaning up environmental pollution can purchase power  
          at a significant cost savings to operate the large pump and  
          treat systems in use in these major contaminated groundwater  
          cleanup projects.  Treatment plans operate around the clock 365  
          days a year with especially high costs incurred during the peak  
          periods of power demand during the summer. Qualifying projects  
          will be able to use the savings they accrue with the purchase of  
          direct access power to defray capital and annual operating costs  
          of cleanup for future site cleanup, to the benefit of project  
          funding entities and to water service ratepayers. In the case of  
          a single operating unit in the San Gabriel Superfund project  
          alone, it is estimated that direct access will provide the  
          facility operator a 7-10% savings on its annual power budget of  
          over $2 million.  



           1)Background  :  Direct Access, first instituted in California in  
            1996, allows eligible
          customers to purchase electricity from a competitive provider,  
          an Electric Service Provider (ESP), instead of from a regulated  
          electric utility.  The utility delivers the electricity that the  
          customer purchases from the ESP to the customer over its  
          distribution system. Thus, in 2001, in order to ensure the  
          predictable revenue stream necessary for long-term contracts  
          procured by DWR during the state energy crisis, and to prevent  
          additional migration away from the three largest regulated  
          utilities, the Legislature directed the PUC to suspend direct  
          access power purchases. Moreover, according to PUC rules,  
          certain customers remained eligible to secure direct access  
          power after the suspension date and to switch between bundled  
          service and direct access service.  

          Pursuant to SB 695 (Kehoe, Chapter 337, Statutes of 2009) the  
          direct access market opened to individual retail nonresidential  
          customers up to an annually capped level of service to be phased  
          in over a period of 3-5 years.  In March 2010, the PUC adopted a  
          plan to increase available direct access power to allow  
          expansion of direct access service to this new group of  
          authorized customers within the service territories of  
          California's three largest regulated utilities.  The  
          authorization for direct access is being implemented by the PUC  
          through a 4-year annually capped phase-in schedule.  As of April  
          2010, all qualifying nonresidential customers became eligible to  
          take direct access service, up to the specified maximum annual  








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          caps, according to the following schedule of direct access  
          sales:
                 35% in year two
                 20% in year three
                 10% in year four

          After the 4-year phase-in period, which ends in 2013, there will  
          be approximately 12.87% of total retail sales being served by  
          entities other than the regulated utilities.  SB 695 limits any  
          potential risk associated with reopening direct access to this  
          broader group of customers by eliminating uncertainty associated  
          with load migration.  The adopted phase-in schedule is designed  
          to provide enough lead time for the regulated utilities to  
          account for small shifts in load and thereby avoid unwarranted  
          cost shifting and stranded load.

          As of February 2013, the statewide direct access load is  
          approximately 12.39%.  This amount is largely represented by  
          commercial and industrial customers. According to the PUC, the  
          allowable direct access is subscribed, some of which may drop  
          off, while some it might be slow in switching.

           1)Preferential treatment for environmental cleanup projects:    
            Cleaning up highly contaminated 
          Superfund sites require large, expensive pump-and-treat systems,  
          operating around the clock. According to the Department of Toxic  
          Substance Control, there are approximately 90 such sites in  
          California.  Proponents argue this bill will save ratepayer  
          funds and accelerates the remediation of contaminated  
          groundwater at USEPA Superfund sites.  Also, another benefit is  
          replenishing local groundwater supplies as required by  
          California Water Code.

          The ability to purchase direct access power has been on a  
          first-come, first-served basis.  The proposed legislation would  
          direct the PUC to give priority purchase rights to public  
          entities operating qualified environmental cleanup projects to  
          ensure that they can purchase less expensive direct access  
          power. However, giving priority purchase rights to one entity  
          over another can be viewed as picking winners and losers for  
          direct access and this may open "Pandora's Box".  

          Proponents of this measure claim some of the environmental  
          cleanup projects that would qualify for priority purchase under  
          this measure have been submitting applications to purchase  








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          direct access power and have been unsuccessful. This bill would  
          allow the PUC to design future implementation of the direct  
          access in a manner that promotes projects that improve the  
          environment.  Furthermore, proponents argue the measure will  
          provide significant costs savings for cleanup operators that can  
          be used to pay for future cleanup costs, to the benefit of the  
          entities that contribute funding to these cleanups and to the  
          affected water service ratepayers.  However, the bill is silent  
          on this issue so therefore  the author and this committee may  
          wish to amend the bill as follows: Section 365.1 (d)(2) An  
          entity that is authorized to engage in a direct transaction  
          pursuant to this subdivision and subdivisions (b) shall use  
          moneys saved as a result of the direct transaction for  
          activities related to treating or remediating contaminated  
          groundwater at the site.
          (3) An entity that is authorized to engage in a direct  
          transaction pursuant to this subdivision and subdivision(b)  
          shall electronically report to the Energy Division of the  
          commission the total yearly savings resulting from the direct  
          transaction and the expenditure of those savings. The commission  
          may include this information in the annual report required  
          pursuant to Section 316.  
            

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          San Gabriel Basin Water Quality Authority (Sponsor)
          Three Valleys Municipal Water District (TVMWD)

           Opposition 
           
          None on file.
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    DaVina Flemings / U. & C. / (916)  
          319-2083