BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 881
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 881 (Chesbro)
          As Amended  May 24, 2013
          Majority vote 

           NATURAL RESOURCES        6-2    WATER, PARKS & WILDLIFE     8-4 
           
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          |Ayes:|Chesbro, Garcia,          |Ayes:|Rendon, Blumenfield,      |
          |     |Muratsuchi, Skinner,      |     |Bocanegra, Fong, Gatto,   |
          |     |Stone, Williams           |     |Gomez, Yamada, Williams   |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Grove, Bigelow            |Nays:|Allen, Dahle, Beth        |
          |     |                          |     |Gaines, Patterson         |
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           APPROPRIATIONS           12-5                                   
           
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          |Ayes:|Gatto, Bocanegra,         |     |                          |
          |     |Bradford,                 |     |                          |
          |     |Ian Calderon, Campos,     |     |                          |
          |     |Eggman, Gomez, Hall,      |     |                          |
          |     |Ammiano, Pan, Quirk,      |     |                          |
          |     |Weber                     |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Harkey, Bigelow,          |     |                          |
          |     |Donnelly, Linder, Wagner  |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
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           SUMMARY  :  Amends the Lempert-Keene-Seastrand Oil Spill  
          Prevention and Response Act (Oil Spill Act) to ensure that the  
          state's oil spill prevention and preparedness program and the  
          state program that saves oiled wildlife do not experience  
          significant cuts in fiscal year 2014-15.   Specifically,  this  
          bill  :

          1)Repeals a sunset date that will reduce the primary source of  
            funding for the state's oil spill prevention and preparedness  
            program, which is a fee on each barrel of oil received at  
            marine oil terminals or from offshore production facilities  
            (per barrel fee).  (The current per barrel fee is capped at  
            $0.065; the sunset will reduce this cap to $0.05 per barrel  








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            during fiscal year 2014-15).

          2)Increases the per barrel fee cap by $0.015, which may be  
            adjusted based on the California Consumer Price Index.  

          3)Caps the nontank vessel fee for oil spill prevention  
            activities at an amount not to exceed $3,500 per nontank  
            vessel.  Authorizes the program administrator to reduce the  
            fee for nontank vessels that pose a reduced risk of pollution  
            and to adjust the fee annually based on the percentage  
            increase in the California Consumer Price Index.  (The nontank  
            vessel fee is not statutorily capped and is currently set by  
            regulation at $3,250 for the largest class of nontank  
            vessels).

          4)Authorizes the transfer of revenues from the per barrel fee  
            and nontank vessel fee to support the Oiled Wildlife Care  
            Network (OWCN).   

           EXISTING LAW  :  Pursuant to the Oil Spill Act:

          1)Establishes the Office of Spill Prevention and Response (OSPR)  
            within the Department of Fish and Wildlife and requires it to  
            administer the state's oil spill prevention and preparedness  
            program, which includes, among other things, announced and  
            unannounced oil spill drills, review and approval of oil spill  
            contingency plans, and local government grants.

          2)Requires the State Lands Commission (Commission) to adopt  
            rules, regulations, guidelines, and leasing policies for  
            reviewing marine terminals (i.e., facilities used for  
            transferring oil to or from tankers or barges) and other  
            marine facilities (i.e., facilities used to explore for, drill  
            for, produce, store, handle, transfer, process, refine, or  
            transport oil) to minimize the possibilities of a discharge of  
            oil.

          3)Establishes the OWCN, which is a network of rescue and  
            rehabilitation stations for sea birds, sea otters, and other  
            marine mammals.  In addition to rehabilitative care, the  
            primary focus of the OWCN includes proactive oiled wildlife  
            search and collection rescue efforts.  

          4)Establishes the Oil Spill Prevention and Administration Fund  








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            (OSPAF), which finances OSPR's and the Commission's oil spill  
            prevention and planning programs.  OSPAF is supported by a fee  
            not to exceed $0.065 that is imposed on each barrel (42  
            gallons) of crude oil or petroleum products piped in from a  
            marine production facility or imported to a marine facility.   
            This fee will sunset on January 1, 2015, and revert back to  
            $0.05, which was the amount set by the Legislature in 2002.   
            The OSPAF is also supported by a reasonable fee on nontank  
            vessels in the amount that is based on OSPR's costs in  
            implementing the Oil Spill Act relating to nontank vessels.   
            The nontank vessel fee is collected with each vessel's  
            application to obtain a certificate of financial  
            responsibility, which is submitted every two years.  There is  
            currently no statutory cap on the nontank vessel fee; however,  
            recent regulations set the fee to as much as $3,250 for the  
            largest class of nontank vessels.

           FISCAL EFFECT :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee a $0.015 increase to the per-barrel fee would generate  
          approximately $7.4 million annually.  An increase to the nontank  
          vessel fee to $3,500 would generate approximately $600,000 per  
          year.  The nontank fee is paid biennially and some vessels pay a  
          lesser, pro-rated amount.

           COMMENTS  :

           Background of the Oil Spill Act  .  In the wake of the March 24,  
          1989, Exxon Valdez oil spill in Alaska (which spilled  
          approximately 11 million gallons of crude oil) and the February  
          7, 1990, American Trader oil spill near Huntington Beach (which  
          spilled approximately 300,000 gallons of crude oil), the  
          Legislature passed the Oil Spill Act.  This act established OSPR  
          and gave the administrator of OSPR primary authority to direct  
          prevention, removal, abatement, response, containment, and  
          cleanup efforts with regard to all aspects of any oil spill in  
          the marine waters of the state.

          Additionally, the Oil Spill Act gives the Commission  
          responsibility to minimize the possibilities of a discharge of  
          oil at marine oil terminals-where, in 2012, 27.3 billion gallons  
          of oil were transferred-and offshore oil production facilities.   


          The Oil Spill Act requires both OSPR and the Commission to  








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          provide the "best achievable protection" of public health and  
          safety and the environment.  Best achievable protection is  
          defined as the highest level of protection that can be achieved  
          through both the use of the best achievable technology and those  
          manpower levels, training procedures, and operational methods  
          that provide the greatest degree of protection achievable.  The  
          act prohibits the use of a cost-benefit or cost-effectiveness  
          analysis in determining which measures provide the best  
          achievable protection.  This standard has led to the creation of  
          programs such as the Commission's Marine Oil Terminal  
          Engineering and Maintenance Standards, which establishes  
          standards to ensure that an oil terminal's infrastructure can  
          withstand earthquakes and other threatening events.  

           The Oil Spill Fiscal Cliff  .  By 2011, the OSPAF per barrel fee  
          had only increased $0.01 since 1990 (while gas prices nearly  
          quadrupled), which was not enough to address inflation as well  
          as OSPR's and the Commission's responsibilities to provide the  
          best achievable protection from oil spills.  As such, a  
          multi-million dollar deficit was projected for the OSPAF.  

          Previously, the Legislature had responded to the OSPAF funding  
          issues when it passed AB 2032 (Hancock) of 2008, which would  
          have increased the per barrel fee from $0.05 to $0.08.  Governor  
          Schwarzenegger, however, vetoed this bill.  Strangely, that same  
          year, Governor Schwarzenegger signed AB 2031 (Hancock), Chapter  
          563, Statutes of 2008, into law, which put further stress on the  
          OSPAF by requiring OSPR to expand its local government grant  
          program with OSPAF moneys.  

          In 2011, facing a major structural deficit in the OSPAF that  
          would have led to a 20% cut to the state's oil spill prevention  
          and preparedness program, AB 1112 (Huffman), Chapter 583,  
          Statutes of 2011, was introduced to increase the OSPAF per  
          barrel fee from $0.05 to $0.08.  In response to the 2009 Dubai  
          Star oil tanker spill that spilled 400 to 800 gallons of  
          intermediate fuel oil into San Francisco Bay, AB 1112 also  
          created significant responsibilities for OSPR regarding vessel  
          to vessel fuel transfers.  According to the Senate  
          Appropriations Committee, these additional responsibilities will  
          cost the OSPAF $2 to $3 million a year.

          The Assembly Floor passed AB 1112 with the $0.08 fee and an  
          inflation adjustment provision.  Through the legislative  








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          process, however, the opponents were successful in negotiating  
          the fee down to $0.065.  They also negotiated a sunset provision  
          that will reduce the fee back to $0.05 on January 1, 2015.  

          With only a $0.015 per barrel fee increase and the additional  
          responsibilities with vessel to vessel transfers, a significant  
          structural deficit was still projected.  Recognizing this  
          problem, Governor Brown issued a signing statement for AB 1112  
          directing OSPR "to increase the non-tank vessel fee and reduce  
          continued program expenditures in order to address the  
          structural imbalance of the Oil Spill and Administration Fund."   
          Even with the Governor's measures, OSPR still projects a $3.8  
          million deficit in the OSPAF for fiscal year 2012-13.

          Major cuts have not yet been made to the state's oil spill  
          prevention and preparedness program because it has a reserve  
          that has been absorbing the OSPAF's annual deficit.  The  
          reserve, however, will be depleted when the AB 1112 sunset  
          provision takes place in fiscal year 2014-15.  Without  
          legislative action this year, OSPR and the Commission will be  
          forced to begin the process of laying off over 90 positions and  
          planning cuts to critical oil spill prevention and preparedness  
          functions as part of next year's budget process.  

          For a program that currently costs $42 million a year, OSPR and  
          the Commission will have to cut over $10 million in costs ($7.4  
          million a year from the AB 1112 sunset and $3.8 million from the  
          structural deficit).  With approximately 25% of the state's oil  
          spill prevention and preparedness program cut, the state would  
          be making its environment, economy, and public health  
          substantially more vulnerable to oil spills.

           The OSPAF is constantly audited .  The OSPAF and the programs it  
          funds have been audited by the Department of Finance (January  
          2005, December 2012) and by the State Auditor (August 2008,  
          August 2012).  Current law requires the Department of Finance to  
          audit the OSPAF programs no less than once every four years.   
          The audit report is specifically required to focus on "the  
          financial basis and programmatic effectiveness of the state's  
          oil spill prevention, response, and preparedness program."   
          These audits have helped improve the state's oil spill  
          prevention and preparedness program achieve the best achievable  
          protection from oil spills while ensuring that the OSPAF moneys  
          are being used appropriately and efficiently.








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           Equality for nontank vessels  .  While the Oil Spill Act contains  
          a cap on the per barrel fee, it does not provide a cap on the  
          nontank vessel fee.  The lack of a cap is what allowed Governor  
          Brown to direct OSPR to increase the nontank vessel fee through  
          the AB 1112 signing statement.  This bill provides a $3,500 cap  
          on the nontank vessel with an inflation adjuster.  This cap is  
          $250 more than what the largest vessel currently pays pursuant  
          to fee regulations.  It should be noted that the Pacific  
          Merchant Shipping Association supports this bill.  
           
           Cost to the Consumer  .  According to California Energy Commission  
          figures, a typical driver who drives 15,000 miles per year, and  
          whose car gets 20 miles per gallon, would see his or her fuel  
          costs increase by approximately $0.27 in a year as a result of  
          this bill.  (This assumes consumers incur 100% of the fee  
          increase.  In reality, some of this would be borne by the  
          supplier.) 
           
          This cost pales in comparison to the effect a catastrophic oil  
          spill would have on the economy, the environment, and people's  
          lives.

           Oiled Wildlife Care Network  .  The OWCN is the state program that  
          rescues and rehabilitates oiled wildlife in the state.  It is an  
          integrated system of more than 30 organizations and facilities  
          strategically sited throughout California that is largely  
          considered the most proactive response organization in the world  
          dedicated to wildlife affected by catastrophic oil spills.  

          Since 1995, the OWCN has responded to more than 75 oil spills  
          throughout California and has cared for nearly 8,000 oiled birds  
          and mammals. 

          The Department of Finance released a report in December 2012  
          expressing the need to "explore feasible options to obtain a  
          dedicated funding source for OWCN."  The Director of the  
          Department of Fish and Wildlife has stated that he is treating  
          this issue as a "top priority."  

          This bill establishes a reliable funding source for the OWCN by  
          authorizing the use of OSPAF moneys to support the program.










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           Analysis Prepared by  :    Mario DeBernardo / NAT. RES. / (916)  
          319-2092 


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