BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó






                                  SENATE HUMAN
                               SERVICES COMMITTEE
                            Senator Jim Beall, Chair


          BILL NO:       AB 883                                       
          A
          AUTHOR:        Cooley                                       
          B
          VERSION:       January 23, 2014
          HEARING DATE:  June 10, 2014                                
          8
          FISCAL:        Yes                                          
          8
                                                                      
          3
          CONSULTANT:     Sara Rogers                                

                                        

                                     SUBJECT
                                         
                 Child Sexual Abuse: Prevention pilot program 


                                     SUMMARY  

          This bill establishes the Child Sexual Abuse Prevention  
          Program as a pilot program in three counties, selected by  
          the California Department of Social Services (CDSS), to  
          provide child sexual abuse prevention and intervention  
          services, and appropriates to each county $50,000 annually  
          from the General Fund for this purpose. This bill requires  
          a 2/3 vote.


                                     ABSTRACT  

           Existing Law: 


           1.Under federal law, establishes Title IV-B of the Social  
            Security Act to provide states, tribes, and territories  
            with funding for the provision of child welfare-related  
            services to children and their families. Requires the  

                                                         Continued---




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            submission of a state plan and provides the majority of  
            this funding under two grant programs including:


                     Stephanie Tubbs Jones Child Welfare Services  
                 (CWS) program (Title IV-B, Subpart 1, Sections  
                 420-425, 428)
                     Promoting Safe and Stable Families (PSSF)  
                 (Title IV-B, Subpart 2, Sections 430-437)


          1.Under federal law, establishes the Child Abuse Prevention  
            and Treatment Act (CAPTA) which provides fully federal  
            grant funding to applicant states to improve child  
            protective service systems and for child abuse prevention  
            activities. Requires the submission of a state plan, as  
            specified, and requires services to be coordinated with  
            Title IV-B services. (42 U.S.C. 5106 et seq)


          2.Establishes under federal law and implements under state  
            law, the Community Based Child Abuse Prevention (CBCAP)  
            to provide formula grant funding for community based  
            child abuse prevention programs. (42 U.S.C. 5116 and WIC  
            18966.1)


          3.Establishes the Office of Child Abuse Prevention (OCAP)  
            within CDSS and designates the office to apply for and  
            administer federal funds for child abuse prevention, as  
            specified. (WIC 18950 et seq.)


          4.Under state law, establishes the Child Abuse Prevention,  
            Intervention and Treatment Program (CAPIT) to fund  
            projects and services related to the prevention,  
            intervention and treatment of child abuse in California.  
            (WIC 18960 et seq.)


          5.Establishes the State Children's Trust Fund (SCTF), for  
            the purpose of funding innovative and distinctive child  
            abuse and neglect prevention and intervention projects  
            and permits individuals to designate income taxes,  
            counties to designate a portion of birth certificate  





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            fees, and private individuals to grant, gift and bequeath  
            monies to the fund. (WIC 18965 et seq, RTC 18711) 


          6.Provides for the establishment of Child Abuse Prevention  
            Coordinating Councils (CAPCs) designated by the County  
            Board of Supervisors and funded by the State Children's  
            Trust Fund to coordinate the community's efforts to  
            prevent and respond to child abuse and neglect. (WIC  
            18980 et seq)


          7.Establishes the State Family Preservation (SFP) program,  
            administered by OCAP, to avoid or limit out-of-home  
            placement of children who have experienced child abuse or  
            neglect within the family. Funds have been realigned to  
            counties and are used to meet the MOE requirements of the  
            PSSF program. (WIC 16500.5 et seq)


          8.Establishes the California Child and Family Services  
            Review (C-CFSR) process to ensure that each county  
            allocates CAPIT revenues through the use of an  
            accountable process that utilizes a multidisciplinary  
            approach, explains how services funded are coordinated  
            with the array of services available in the county and  
            ensures funded services are based on priority unmet need.  
            (WIC 10601.2)


           This bill:


           1.Establishes the Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Program as  
            a pilot program, in no more than three counties, to  
            provide child sexual abuse prevention and intervention  
            services, as specified.


          2.Appropriates $50,000 annually from the General Fund to  
            each county that has volunteered and been selected to  
            conduct a pilot program.


          3.Provides that CDSS shall select three counties that have  





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            indicated an intent to participate based on the  
            department's determination that the counties have  
            significance of child sexual abuse or sexually exploited  
            minors and have a public, private or nonprofit  
            organization with experience in child sexual abuse issues  
            that is designated to act as the primary administrator.


          4.Encourages participating counties to efficiently use the  
            funds by giving priority to programs currently serving  
            the needs of at-risk children, as defined, and that have  
            demonstrated effectiveness in child sexual abuse  
            prevention or intervention.


          5.Provides that appropriated funds shall not supplant or  
            replace any existing funding for programs current serving  
            the needs of at-risk children, and provides that such  
            funds may only supplement the expansion of existing  
            programs or the collaboration of separate existing  
            programs, or fund newly created programs within the  
            county if no current programs exist to serve the needs of  
            children at risk of sexual abuse.


          6.Provides that a county shall allocate funds to a public,  
            private or non-profit agency that has applied if the  
            services meet the above requirements and are supported by  
            a county welfare department, law enforcement agency,  
            probation department, board of supervisors, public health  
            department, mental health department, or a school  
            district.


          7.Requires participating counties to report specified  
            information to CDSS and to the Assembly and Senate Human  
            Services Committees. 


          8.Requires each participating county to propose a  
            multi-year plan that identifies how to advance child  
            abuse prevention objectives, as specified.


          9.Provides that each pilot program shall strengthen the  





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            capacity of schools and youth-serving organizations to  
            prevent sexual abuse through assessment processes,  
            training, screening, responding and reporting protocols,  
            codes of conduct, and other policies.


          10.Provides that the above specified reports shall be  
            submitted in compliance with Government Code Section  
            9795, regarding the format of reports required by law to  
            be submitted to the Legislature.


                                  FISCAL IMPACT  

          The Assembly Appropriations Committee estimates an annual  
          General Fund cost of $150,000 per year in addition to minor  
          administrative costs to CDSS to review applications and  
          select participating counties.


                            BACKGROUND AND DISCUSSION  

          According to the author, although the state aggressively  
          prosecutes child sexual predators and requires mandatory  
          reporting for suspected abuse, there is a lack of focus on  
          preventing the abuse before it occurs. The author states  
          that funding and training are needed to teach adults about  
          warning signs and that by building community collaboration  
          this measure strengthens the prioritization of stopping  
          child sexual abuse.


          The author additionally cites a program created in  
          Massachusetts called the "Enough Abuse" campaign which  
          seeks to raise awareness about child sexual abuse and  
          prevention techniques. This program has been adopted in  
          greater Bay Area counties including Alameda, Contra Costa,  
          Marin, Monterey, Napa, San Francisco, San Mateo,
          Santa Clara, Solano, and Sonoma. The program hosts  
          interactive workshops designed for parents, early education  
          and care professionals and others who have contact with  
          children and/or their families.

           Federal Child Abuse Prevention Services






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           California has a complex child welfare system incorporating  
          federal, state and local funds expended for the broad  
          purpose of child welfare, including child abuse prevention  
          and response. The federal Administration of Children and  
          Families (ACF) administers numerous federal grants  
          (described below) intended to assist states with child  
          abuse prevention and response efforts. Within the  
          statutorily established parameters for each grant, states  
          have substantial flexibility in how to apportion funds.  
          Additionally, services provided under the grants are  
          required to be coordinated with other programs serving  
          children.  


          Stephanie Tubbs Jones Child Welfare Services Program (Title  
          IV-B CWS) 

          The federal Title IV-B CWS program provides approximately  
          $32 million annually in federal funding to California under  
          a 75% federal match formula to broadly protect and promote  
          the welfare of all children, prevent child abuse and  
          neglect, permit children to remain safely in or return  
          safely to their own homes and to promote the safety,  
          permanency, and well-being of children in foster care or  
          adoptive families. Specifically, this program flexibly  
          funds the following services:<1>


                 Protective services intended to prevent or remedy  
               abuse or neglect, including investigations, caseworker  
               activities, counseling and emergency services;
                 Family preservation and crisis intervention  
               services intended to prevent the removal of a child  
               from the home; 
                 Family support services intended to be community  
               based services that support the safety and wellbeing  
               of children, strengthening parenting skills, parent  
             -----------------------
          <1> Congressional Research Service. "Child Welfare: Funding  
          for Child and Family Services Authorized Under Title IV-B  
          of the Social Security Act"  
          http://greenbook.waysandmeans.house.gov/sites/greenbook.ways 
          andmeans.house.gov/files/2012/documents/R41860_gb.pdf  






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               support groups, counseling among others;
                 Time-limited family reunification services for  
               children in foster care and their families; 
                 Foster care maintenance payments (only at the level  
               spent in 2005); 
                 Adoption promotion and support services; and
                 Adoption subsidies.


          This program also includes a requirement for a state plan  
          documenting various aspects of the state's administration  
          of the Title IV-B CWS program including protections and  
          services offered to children in foster care and other  
          children, coordination with other programs, the meeting of  
          various performance requirements and the operation of a  
          statewide information system enabling the state to monitor  
          the wellbeing of children in foster care.<2> 





          Promoting Safe and Stable Families Program (PSSF)

          PSSF provides $33 million annually for counties services  
          aimed at developing or expanding community-based (non-state  
          administered) child and family support services, family  
          preservation services, family reunification services, and  
          adoption promotion and support services. Plan requirements  
          established for this program were recently amended to allow  
          counties to directly administer services, rather than  
          contract with outside providers, and California, like most  
          states, spend the majority of these funds on child and  
          family support services.


          Pursuant to this statute, states are additionally required  
          to establish a five-year Child and Family Services Plan  
          -------------------------


          -------------------------
          <2> In California the system is the Child Welfare  
          System/Case Management System or CWS/CMS.






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          (CFSP) and an Annual Progress and Services Review (APSR)<3>  
          which is required to integrate the state plans for CWS,  
          PSSR as well as other programs.<4>


          Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA)

          CAPTA provides approximately $3 million in grant funding  
          with no state match for the purpose of assisting with state  
          improvements to the child protective services systems, to  
          support child abuse prevention activities, and to fund  
          research and demonstration projects aimed at preventing  
          child maltreatment. Included in this statute is a  
          requirement for funds to be coordinated with other child  
          welfare programs and funding. Additionally, the statute  
          calls for states to report to the federal government  
          regarding how the funds have been expended. California  
          receives CAPTA funds annually. 

          Community Based Child Abuse Prevention (CBCAP)

          CBCAP, established under the CAPTA statute, provides grant  
          funding to support community-based efforts aimed at the  
          prevention of child abuse and neglect and the coordination  
          of resources and activities to support families. In  
          California the program is targeted at improving public  
          awareness and education about preventing child abuse, and  
          for providing supportive services to vulnerable populations  
          and families including mental health care, substance abuse,  
          respite care, housing, and transportation, among others. 


          Approximately $2.1 million annually in CBCAP funds are  
          allocated by the state Office of Child Abuse Prevention to  
          counties that have submitted applications, with smaller  
          counties receiving funds to supplement the County  
          Children's Trust Fund accounts of less than $20,000. The  
          rest of the applicant counties receive a base award of  
          -------------------------
          <3> Title IV-B, Section 432(a)(2) and (5)  


          <4> 45 C.F.R. 1357.10, 1357.15, and 1357.16  






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          $10,000, and the remainder of the money is distributed on a  
          population-based formula. In 2013, all counties except San  
          Bernardino applied to receive funds with the largest grant  
          awarded to Los Angeles County ($336,000). Many grants are  
          of comparable size to that envisioned by this bill,  
          including Sacramento County's ($60,000).<5> 

          Outcomes and Accountability Process

          The federal ACF conducts the federal Child and Family  
          Services Review (CFSR) and Annual Progress and Services  
          Report (APSR) to establish transparent performance  
          measures, accountability and program improvement plans for  
          states to foster improvement of state child welfare  
          systems. California's most recent CFSR in 2008 found that  
          the state did not achieve substantial compliance with any  
          of the safety, permanency or wellbeing outcomes identified  
          and a program improvement plan (PIP) was established.<6>  
          The PIP was substantially completed by 2011 and last year  
          ACF rescinded all penalties. A new CFSR is expected in  
          2016.


           State Child Abuse Prevention Services


           In addition to the federal grant funding described above,  
          California has established numerous state programs aimed at  
          the prevention of child abuse and has established a system  
          of state/local planning agencies to address this issue and  
          coordinate efforts among the variety public and private  
          agencies that are engaged in the issue and to be inclusive  
          of diverse family voices in the development of policy and  
          programming.


          Office of Child Abuse Prevention (OCAP)
          -------------------------
          <5> ACIN NO. I-70-13  
           http://www.dss.cahwnet.gov/lettersnotices/EntRes/getinfo/aci 
          n/2013/I-70_13.pdf  
          <6> C-CFSR 2008.  
          http://www.childsworld.ca.gov/res/pdf/CFSRExecSummary2008.pd 
          f






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          Within CDSS, child abuse prevention efforts are led by OCAP  
          which provides state oversight for the CBCAP and PSSF  
          programs as well as the Child Abuse Prevention Intervention  
          and Treatment (CAPIT) program. Additionally, OCAP manages  
          additional state projects including the Strengthening  
          Families Initiative, the Family Development Matrix Project,  
          the Safe Kids California Project, the Linkages Project and  
          the development and coordination of Parent Leadership  
          activities. 


          OCAP also oversees the submission of county-prepared plans  
          that address how prevention and early intervention  
          activities are coordinated and how services will be  
          provided. Such plans are a component of California's  
          compliance with federal reporting requirements for the  
          administration of federal grants and have been integrated  
          with California's Outcomes and Accountability System  
          (C-CFSR) and the related County Self Assessments (CSAs) and  
          System Improvement Plans (SIPs). 

          Child Abuse Prevention Councils (CAPCs)

          At the county level, the Board of Supervisors appoints  
          CAPCs, also known as Child Abuse Councils, to coordinate  
          the community's efforts to prevent and respond to child  
          abuse and neglect. Councils are made up of representatives  
          from county child welfare, probation, and licensing  
          agencies; law enforcement, the district attorney, the  
          courts, and coroner; medical and mental health providers,  
          community-based social service providers, public and  
          private schools; and community volunteers, civic  
          organizations and religious institutions.

          Child Abuse Prevention Intervention and Treatment Program  
          (CAPIT)

          The CAPIT program provides state and local funds that are  
          used to fulfill the matching requirements established under  
          the federal CBCAP program. Services are targeted toward  
          children who are at high risk, including those currently  
          served by county welfare departments, children referred by  
          legal, medical, or social service agencies, and minority  
          populations. Additionally, programs operated by non-profit  





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          agencies receive priority including programs that provide  
          services to isolated families with children aged 5 or  
          younger, home visiting programs and service to child  
          victims of crime. The specific services that may be funded  
          reflect those applying to the CBCAP program described  
          above. Funding for this program was realigned and counties  
          must demonstrate compliance with the requirements of the  
          program in the CSA and SIP.


          State Children's Trust Fund (SCTF)

          SCTF provides funding for innovative and distinctive  
          prevention and intervention projects on child abuse and  
          neglect. It is funded through county birth certificate  
          surcharges, state income tax designations and private  
          donations. These monies were not realigned and are awarded  
          by OCAP to counties that have submitted proposals. The  
          purpose of these funds is to research, evaluate and  
          disseminate information to the public, to establish  
          public-private partnerships with foundations and  
          corporations to increase public awareness about child abuse  
          and neglect via media campaigns. (Ch. 1399, Stats. 1982)


          State Family Preservation (SFP) 

          SFP is a state funded program, in which 15 counties  
          participate, and it is aimed at avoiding or limiting  
          out-of-home placement of children who have experienced  
          child abuse or neglect within the family. Although funds  
          have been realigned to counties, the program is  
          administered by OCAP for the purpose of meeting federal  
          requirements and to ensure funds are used to meet the MOE  
          requirements of the PSSF program. 

          California Outcomes and Accountability System (C-CFSR) 

          In addition to the federal CFSR process, California has  
          established a corollary CFSR process called the Outcomes  
          and Accountability System (C-CFSR) which requires counties  
          to develop a County Self-Assessment (CSA) and System  
          Improvement Plan (SIP). As mentioned, this system has been  
          integrated with the program planning requirements that are  
          managed by OCAP. 





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          Separate from the C-CFSR, each California County receiving  
          funding for the CAPIT, CBCAP, and PSSF programs must report  
          annually on their participation rates for prevention, early  
          intervention and treatment services, programs and  
          activities; changes of service providers and/or programs;  
          CAPC and Parent Engagement activities; coordination of  
          funds; collaboration and coordination efforts, and on their  
          quality assurance process which includes data on service or  
          program effectiveness.<7>  

                                     COMMENTS

           1.This bill requires participating counties to report  
            specified information to the California Department of  
            Social Services and to the Assembly and Senate Human  
            Services Committees including, but not limited to,  
            changing public opinions or public opinion polls, the  
            amount of educational materials distributed to  
            stakeholder groups, statistics on changes in incidence of  
            child sexual abuse, identified best practices used by the  
            pilot program which may be replicated, and a complete and  
            accurate accounting of all funds received and spent. 


            As noted in an earlier Assembly Committee analysis, such  
            reporting requirements may themselves comprise the  
            majority of the appropriated funds, thus diminishing the  
            efficacy of the program. Staff notes that the existing  
            C-CFSR process, the related county self-assessments and  
            program improvement plans, as well as additional  
            programing plans required pursuant to federal law,  
            already require counties to document much of the  
            information required under this bill. Staff recommends  
            the bill be amended to require counties to report on the  
            outcomes of this program and the expenditure of funds  
                                                                        within the existing county assessment and planning  
            documents.


          2.While numerous existing child abuse prevention programs  
          -------------------------


          <7>  
           http://www.dss.cahwnet.gov/cfsweb//res/TitleIV-B/APSR2013.pd 
          f  




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            exist aimed at similar objectives as those descried in  
            this bill, none are specifically targeted toward the  
            prevention of child sexual abuse and in most cases funds  
            are additionally targeted towards the provision of  
            services to children who are already involved in the  
            child welfare system. 


          Specifically, staff recommends the following amendments:


          1.Page 3, Line 5-7: 


            (a) The Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Program is hereby  
            established as a pilot program in no more than three  
            counties to provide child sexual abuse prevention and  
            intervention services through public   ,  or private,  or    
            nonprofit programs that provide child sexual abuse  
            prevention and intervention services.


          2.Page 3, Line 13-35:


            (c) The State Department of Social Services shall select  
            counties to participate in the Child Sexual Abuse  
            Prevention Program, from among the counties that notify  
            the department of their intention to participate, based  
            on the agency's determination that the counties have  
            significant incidences of child sexual abuse or  
             commercially  sexually exploited  children  and have a  
            public   ,  or private,  or   organization with experience in  
            child sexual abuse  or commercial sexual exploitation   
            issues that is designated to act as the primary  
            administrator for the pilot program.


            (d) Each participating county is encouraged to  
            efficiently use these funds by giving priority to  
            programs currently serving the needs of at-risk children  
            that meet the criteria in Section 18974.1 and that have  
            demonstrated effectiveness in child sexual abuse  or  
            commercial sexual exploitation  prevention or  
            intervention. The funds appropriated under this section  





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            shall not supplant or replace any existing funding for  
            programs currently serving the needs of at-risk children,  
            but may only supplement the expansion of existing  
            programs or the collaboration of separate existing  
            programs within the county, or fund newly created  
            programs within the county if no current programs exist  
            to serve the needs of children at risk of sexual abuse.  


          3.Page 4, Lines 1-7: 


            (b) Public   ,  or  private  nonprofit,  or   agencies shall be  
            eligible for funding provided that evidence is submitted  
            as part of the application to the county that the  
            proposed services are not duplicated in the community,  
            are based on needs of children at risk, and are supported  
            by a local public agency, including, but not limited to,  
            one of the following:


          4.Page 4, Lines 15-17:


            (c) The administering local agency shall, with oversight  
            and review from the county board of supervisors,  include  
            and integrate the pilot program in the county system  
            improvement plan and self-assessment, and the county plan  
            for other federal and state child abuse prevention  
            programs. To the extent applicable, the county shall  
            provide similar assurances, data and outcomes assessments  
            to the Office of Child Abuse Prevention as are provided  
            regarding other federal and state child abuse prevention  
            programs.  compile and collect data on the efficacy of the  
            pilot program   .


          5.Strike Page 5 and 6 inclusive.





                                   PRIOR VOTES  






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          Assembly Floor           77 - 0
          Assembly Appropriations  16 - 0
          Assembly Human Services    5 - 0

                                    POSITIONS  

          Support:       The Child Abuse Prevention Center (Sponsor)
                         Alliance for Children's Rights
                         California Catholic Conference, Inc.
                         California Council of Nonprofit  
          Organizations
          
          Oppose:   None received.





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