BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                            Senator Kevin de Le�n, Chair


          AB 909 (Gray) - Metal theft: task force.
          
          Amended: July 2, 2013           Policy Vote: Public Safety 7-0
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: No
          Hearing Date: August 30, 2013                           
          Consultant: Jolie Onodera       
          
          SUSPENSE FILE. AS PROPOSED TO BE AMENDED.
          
          
          Bill Summary: AB 909 would require the Department of Justice  
          (DOJ) to establish, administer, and regularly evaluate the Metal  
          Theft Task Force Program, to provide grants to regional task  
          forces for the purposes of enhancing the capacity of local law  
          enforcement and prosecutors to deter, investigate, and prosecute  
          metal theft and related recycling crimes. This bill would  
          establish the Metal Theft Task Force (MTTF) Fund, to consist of  
          funding from federal, industry, and private sources to be made  
          available upon appropriation by the Legislature. The bill  
          specifies no General Fund is to be deposited into the MTTF nor  
          used to implement the bill's provisions. The provisions of this  
          bill would become operative on January 1, 2015.

          Fiscal Impact (as proposed to be amended): 
           Significant one-time and ongoing costs potentially in excess  
            of $230,000 to $350,000 (Special Fund*) to the DOJ for  
            personnel and equipment costs to implement and administer the  
            statewide program. Any costs in excess of those determined  
            "actual and necessary administrative costs," would be borne by  
            other fund sources.   
           Additional one-time costs potentially in excess of $500,000 to  
            $1 million for the mandated development of a statewide  
            database on metal theft and recycling crimes. Costs would be  
            dependent on the parameters and complexity of the database.  
            Ongoing costs in the low hundreds of thousands of dollars for  
            maintenance and quality control. As the bill restricts funding  
            for development and maintenance to up to 10 percent of MTTF  
            Funds, any excess costs would be borne by other fund sources.   
              
           Major funding from the newly established MTTF Fund in the  
            millions of dollars, consisting of funds from the federal  
            government, industry, and private sources, would be required  








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            to support the activities of regional task forces statewide.
           Potential future cost-savings statewide to the courts, state  
            prison/county jail systems, and law enforcement, as well as to  
            businesses in the form of reduced economic loss, to the extent  
            the operation of the program results in savings realized  
            through crime prevention, crime suppression, and prosecutions  
            resulting from the program. 

          *Metal Theft Task Force (MTTF) Special Fund

          Background: This bill makes the following uncodified findings  
          and declarations: "The theft of metal is a serious problem in  
          California. Losses due to metal theft are not limited to the  
          value of the metal taken, but frequently include the cost of  
          repairing or replacing the infrastructure, component, or item  
          from which the metal was removed, which greatly exceeds the  
          value of the metal itself. The United States Department of  
          Energy estimates that metal theft costs United States businesses  
          approximately one billion dollars ($1,000,000,000) annually." 

          Under existing law, the Central Valley and Central Coast Rural  
          Crime Prevention Programs serve 13 counties (Fresno, Kern,  
          Kings, Madera, Merced, Monterey, San Benito, San Joaquin, San  
          Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Santa Cruz, Stanislaus, and Tulare),  
          for the operation of rural crime prevention task forces to  
          strengthen the ability of law enforcement agencies in rural  
          areas to detect and monitor agricultural- and rural-based  
          crimes, including metal theft. Chapter 43/2012, the Public  
          Safety Realignment budget trailer bill, deleted the sunset on  
          both programs, thereby making the programs operative  
          indefinitely. Additionally, Chapter 43/2012 allocates a portion  
          of funds deposited into the Enhancing Law Enforcement Activities  
          Subaccount of the 2011 Local Revenue Fund to these two programs  
          for Fiscal Year 2012-13 and thereafter.

          Proposed Law: This bill seeks to provide local law enforcement  
          and district attorneys with the tools necessary to successfully  
          interdict the commission of metal theft and related metal  
          recycling crimes. Specifically, this bill:
                 Requires the DOJ to establish the Metal Theft Task Force  
               Program.
                 Provides that administration of the overall program and  
               the evaluation and monitoring of all grants made pursuant  
               to the program be performed by the DOJ.








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                 Establishes the MTTF Fund within the State Treasury, the  
               funds of which would be available upon appropriation by the  
               Legislature for the purposes as set forth in the bill.
                 Provides that the MTTF Fund shall consist of moneys  
               deposited from the federal government, industry, and  
               private sources. General Fund moneys shall not be deposited  
               into the fund nor used to implement the provisions of this  
               bill.
                 Requires the MTTF Fund to be administered by the DOJ,  
               and provides that the DOJ may adopt regulations as needed  
               to administer the provisions of the bill.
                 Requires moneys appropriated to the DOJ for the program  
               to be expended to fund programs that enhance the capacity  
               of local law enforcement and prosecutors to deter,  
               investigate, and prosecute metal theft and related  
               recycling crimes.
                 Provides that after deduction of the DOJ's actual and  
               necessary administrative costs, MTTF Funds shall be  
               expended to fund programs to enhance the capacity of local  
               law enforcement and prosecutors to deter, investigate, and  
               prosecute metal theft and related recycling crimes. 
                 Specifies that funds distributed under this program to  
               be expended for the exclusive purpose of deterring,  
               investigating, and prosecuting metal theft and related  
               recycling crimes.
                 Provides that up to 10 percent of the funds may, upon  
               appropriation, be used for developing and maintaining a  
               statewide database on metal theft and related recycling  
               crimes for use in developing and distributing intelligence  
               information to participating law enforcement agencies.
                 Requires the DOJ to develop specific guidelines and  
               administrative procedures for the selection of regional  
               task forces to receive funds under the program, as  
               specified.
                 Provides that priority shall be given to regional task  
               forces outside of the 13 counties funded under the rural  
               crime prevention programs authorized under existing law.
                 Provides that the guidelines shall include specified  
               selection criteria to be considered by the DOJ in awarding  
               grant funds such as the number of metal theft or related  
               recycling crimes filed and investigated in the prior year,  
               the number of victims involved, the aggregate monetary loss  
               suffered by the victims, local funds available to assist  
               the regional task force, and the number of licensed  








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               recycling facilities in the region.
                 Requires each regional task force that has been awarded  
               funds, upon reapplication for funds in each successive  
               year, to submit a detailed accounting of funds received and  
               expended, as specified.
                 Requires the DOJ to regularly review the effectiveness  
               of the program in deterring, investigating, and prosecuting  
               metal theft and related recycling crimes and requires the  
               DOJ to present a report to the Governor and Legislature,  
               based on information provided by the regional task forces  
               in an annual report to the DOJ.
                 Provides that the program will not be implemented until  
               the Department of Finance determines that sufficient funds  
               have been deposited in the MTTF Fund, to be established  
               under this bill, to implement the provisions of the bill  
               and funds have been made available upon appropriation of  
               the Legislature. 
                 Delays the operative date of the provisions of the bill  
               to January 1, 2015.

          Prior Legislation: AB 2298 (Ma) Chapter 823/2012, prior to its  
          chaptered version, was substantially similar to this measure but  
          delegated the establishment and oversight of the MTTF to the  
          Board of State and Community Corrections. This bill was amended  
          significantly to require a study by the DOJ on the prevalence of  
          metal theft in California and make recommendations to the  
          Legislature in a report addressing the tools and resources that  
          would be required by local law enforcement and district  
          attorneys in order to successfully interdict the commission of  
          metal theft and related metal recycling crimes.
          
          AB 2768 (Poochigian) Chapter 327/1996 created the Rural Crime  
          Prevention Program, a three-year pilot program, which authorized  
          the County of Tulare to enter into a joint-powers agreement to  
          share resources, personnel hours, and information regarding  
          rural crimes, including metal theft.

          AB 374 (Matthews) Chapter 719/2002 extended the operation of the  
          Rural Crime Prevention Program to July 1, 2005, and renamed the  
          program the Central Valley Rural Crime Prevention Program.

          SB 44 (Denham) Chapter 18/2003 authorized the counties of  
          Monterey, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Santa Cruz, and San  
          Benito, until July 1, 2010, to develop the Central Coast Rural  








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          Crime Prevention Programs modeled on the Central Valley Rural  
          Crime Prevention Programs, to be administered by the county  
          sheriff's office in Monterey County and by the district  
          attorney's office in each of the other four counties.

          AB 186 (Maze) Chapter 755/2008 extended the operation of the  
          Central Valley Rural Crime Prevention Program to January 1,  
          2012.
           
          SB 121 (Denham) Chapter 31/2009 extended the operation of the  
          Central Coast Rural Crime Prevention Programs to July 1, 2013,  
          and repeals these provisions January 1, 2014.

          SB 1023 (Committee on Budget and Fiscal Review) Chapter 43/2012,  
          among other provisions, deleted the provisions repealing the  
          authorization for the Central Valley Rural Crime Prevention  
          Program and Central Coast Rural Crime Prevention Program,  
          thereby making the programs operative indefinitely. 

          Staff Comments: The provisions of this bill are not operative  
          until January 1, 2015, and the program will not be implemented  
          until the Department of Finance determines that sufficient  
          non-General Fund funds have been deposited in the MTTF Fund to  
          implement the provisions of the bill and funds have been made  
          available upon appropriation of the Legislature. 

          If implemented, this bill will impose substantial new duties on  
          the DOJ, the costs of which may not be fully covered by the  
          newly created MTTF Fund. The DOJ would be required to establish  
          and provide administrative oversight for the new statewide  
          program, and would be required to develop specific guidelines  
          and administrative procedures for the selection of regional task  
          force grantees. Ongoing monitoring and evaluation of all grants  
          issued under the program, as well as at least one report to the  
          Legislature and Governor would also be required. Although not  
          mandated, it is likely the DOJ would also develop regulations to  
          administer the provisions of this bill, resulting in additional  
          one-time workload. 

          The DOJ has indicated the operational costs to implement and  
          administer the program will be in the range of $230,000  
          initially, and approximately $350,000 annually thereafter for  
          staffing and operating expenses. 









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          This bill provides for the deduction of the DOJ's "actual  and   
          necessary" administrative costs from available MTTF Funds. While  
          the determination of actual administrative costs is relatively  
          clear, the bill does not specify what would constitute  
          "necessary" costs, what entity would make that determination, or  
          how that determination would be made. As a result, there could  
          be exposure to other funds (non-General Fund) for any  
          administrative costs deemed to be unnecessary.

          This bill requires the development and maintenance of a  
          statewide database on metal theft and related recycling crimes  
          for use in developing and distributing intelligence information  
          to participating law enforcement agencies. The bill does not  
          specify the entity responsible for the development and  
          maintenance of the database, but it is assumed this  
          responsibility would be placed on the DOJ. As the bill provides  
          that only up to 10 percent of MTTF Funds may, upon  
          appropriation, be used for the database, any additional costs  
          would be charged against some other non-General Fund. It is also  
          not clear how the 10 percent threshold would be determined - for  
          example, up to 10 percent of funds appropriated in any one year  
          or up to 10 percent of total funds in the MTTF Fund in any one  
          year. Costs to develop the database are unknown at this time but  
          are likely to be in excess of $500,000 to $1 million, and would  
          be dependent upon the size and complexity of the database, the  
          amount of data to be collected, access and interconnectivity  
          issues with law enforcement agencies, among other issues.  
          Ongoing costs to maintain, monitor, and perform quality control  
          on the database would likely incur costs in the low hundreds of  
          thousands of dollars annually for staffing and associated  
          operating expenses.

          It is estimated that funding in the millions of dollars would be  
          required to support the activities of the regional task forces  
          to ensure law enforcement and prosecutors are equipped with the  
          necessary personnel and tools to successfully combat metal theft  
          and related recycling crimes. This bill establishes the MTTF  
          Fund to consist of funds from the federal government, industry,  
          and private sources. However, it is unclear how the moneys for  
          the fund would be obtained. To the extent the DOJ is tasked with  
          engaging with the federal government or other potential grantors  
          to solicit funding, as well as grant writing, in order to obtain  
          the necessary funding to implement and sustain the program,  
          additional workload would be placed on the DOJ. 








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          Although implementation is contingent upon DOF determination  
          that sufficient non-General Funds are available, there is no  
          mechanism to suspend the duties and responsibilities of the DOJ  
          in the event that future funding for the MTTF Fund does not  
          materialize to sustain the administrative and operational needs  
          of this program. As a result, there could be significant future  
          ongoing costs to the DOJ that would need to be funded through  
          alternative fund sources.

          The proposed author amendments specify that no General Fund  
          moneys will be used to start-up, implement, or support the  
          ongoing administration of the program, and clarify that until  
          there are sufficient funds to start-up, implement, and support  
          the ongoing administration of the program, the DOJ will not be  
          required to implement the provisions of the bill.