BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 912 (Quirk-Silva)
          As Introduced February 22, 2013
          Majority vote 

           HEALTH              13-6        APPROPRIATIONS      12-5        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Pan, Ammiano, Atkins,     |Ayes:|Gatto, Bocanegra,         |
          |     |Bonilla, Bonta, Chesbro,  |     |Bradford,                 |
          |     |Gomez,                    |     |Ian Calderon, Campos,     |
          |     |Roger Hern�ndez,          |     |Eggman, Gomez, Hall,      |
          |     |Lowenthal, Mitchell,      |     |Ammiano, Pan, Quirk,      |
          |     |Nazarian, V. Manuel       |     |Weber                     |
          |     |P�rez, Wieckowski         |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Logue, Maienschein,       |Nays:|Harkey, Bigelow,          |
          |     |Mansoor, Nestande,        |     |Donnelly, Linder, Wagner  |
          |     |Wagner, Wilk              |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Mandates that every group or individual health care  
          service plan contract and health insurance policy that is  
          issued, amended, or renewed, on and after January 1, 2014,  
          provide coverage for medically necessary expenses for standard  
          fertility preservation services when a necessary medical  
          treatment may cause iatrogenic infertility to an enrollee or  
          insured.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Establishes the Knox-Keene Health Care Service Plan Act of  
            1975 to regulate and license health plans and specialized  
            health plans by the Department of Managed Health Care (DMHC),  
            mandates coverage for basic health care services, and provides  
            for the regulation of health insurers by the California  
            Department of Insurance (CDI).  Requires health plan contracts  
            and health insurance policies to offer group coverage for the  
            treatment of infertility, as defined.

          2)Establishes as California's Essential Health Benefit (EHB)  
            benchmark plan the Kaiser Small Group Health Maintenance  
            Organization (HMO) plan along with the following 10 federal  








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            Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) mandated  
            benefits:
          
             a)   Ambulatory patient services;

             b)   Emergency services;

             c)   Hospitalization;

             d)   Maternity and newborn care;

             e)   Mental health and substance use disorder services,  
               including behavioral health treatment;

             f)   Prescription drugs;

             g)   Rehabilitative and habilitative services and devices;

             h)   Laboratory services;
             i)   Preventive and wellness services and chronic disease  
               management; and,

             j)   Pediatric services, including oral and vision care.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, approximately $69,000 to the California Public  
          Employees' Retirement System for additional premiums.  Unknown  
          costs, potentially greater than $100,000, to Covered California,  
          to the extent the fertility treatment preservation services  
          exceed the EHB requirement under the ACA.

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author of this bill, a diagnosis of  
          cancer may bring with it an unexpected consequence:  the  
          potential loss of fertility.  The author maintains that  
          treatments that accompany this diagnosis may have long-term  
          implications for the ability of a survivor to build a family and  
          develop the kind of legacy many people take for granted.  The  
          author asserts that treatments to preserve fertility in men and  
          women can be performed before chemotherapy and radiation starts  
          and used after the patient is given a clean bill of health.   
          However, the author argues, the cost to preserve fertility is  
          not a covered option for the majority of cancer patients, even  
          though fertility loss occurs as a consequence of their  
          treatment.  The author further argues that as reconstructive  








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          coverage for breast cancer patients is required, similarly, the  
          option of fertility preservation for patients undergoing  
          chemotherapy and radiation should also be covered.  The author  
          states that while the cost to preserve fertility is relatively  
          modest, most patients are unable to afford this unexpected  
          out-of-pocket expense, especially at a time when they are facing  
          other significant cost pressures surrounding treatment.  The  
          author argues that the situation is further complicated by a  
          short timeframe between diagnosis and treatment that does not  
          allow time to seek appeal when insurance companies deny  
          fertility preservation coverage.  According to the author, this  
          bill seeks to make this coverage available and accessible as  
          soon as the decision is made to undergo fertility preservation.

          The Kaiser Small Group HMO 30 EHB benchmark plan for California  
          excludes coverage for the treatment of infertility; therefore  
          health insurance subject to EHB coverage requirements is not  
          required to cover treatment for infertility.  This state  
          benefit mandate meets the definition of a benefit mandate that  
          could exceed EHBs as established by federal regulations on  
          EHBs, which states it must be specific to care, treatment  
          and/or services.  Therefore, according to the California Health  
          Benefits Review Program (CHBRP), this mandate could trigger the  
          requirement that the state defray the costs of coverage for  
          enrollees in qualified health plans (QHPs) in Covered  
          California.  QHP issuers are responsible for calculating the  
          marginal cost that must be defrayed based on "either a  
          statewide average or each issuer's actual cost."  California  
          has not yet identified which option it will use.  CHBRP is not  
          able to estimate the total number of enrollees in QHPs in 2014,  
          but is able to estimate the marginal change in the per member  
          per month (PMPM) premium that would result from requiring  
          coverage for fertility preservation services in 2014. These  
          estimates reflect a statewide average and not an issuer's  
          actual cost. The marginal change in the PMPM premium that CHBRP  
          estimates would result from this bill and that the state would  
          be responsible for defraying for each enrollee in a QHP in  
          Covered California is $0.01 in nongrandfathered small-group and  
          individual market DMHC-regulated plans; and $0.01 in  
          nongrandfathered small-group and individual market  
          CDI-regulated policies.  So if there were three million QHP  
          enrollees, the state would be responsible for $360,000  
          associated with this mandate ($0.01 x 3 million x 12 months).  









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          The American Society for Reproductive Medicine, a cosponsor of  
          this bill, writes in support that with advances in medical  
          treatment, many diseases once thought fatal or chronic, can now  
          be treated and cured.  However, the very treatment that saves  
          lives could also cost both men and women the potential of  
          biological children.  Along with their affiliated organization,  
          the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology, supporters  
          maintain that losing the chance to have children in the future  
          is a major fear for cancer patients.  Supporters cite surveys  
          and anecdotal information from treating physicians which  
          suggests that one-third of patients, if not able to obtain  
          fertility preservation services, choose less effective medical  
          care in an attempt to preserve their fertility.  Supporters  
          argue that this could result in worse outcomes, resulting in  
          more expensive treatment.  Based on the 2011 CHBRP analysis,  
          supporters argue that the cost effect of this coverage is  
          projected to range from zero increase to $0.0373 PMPM, with  
          current efforts aimed at bringing this estimate down to the  
          point of near cost neutrality.  Supporters argue that this bill  
          will potentially address certain issues of gender, racial, and  
          ethnic disparities in care and will bring other untold benefits  
          by providing cancer patients and others the opportunity for a  
          long life by allowing them to focus on the best medical care  
          for a cure and to maintain their dream of a biological family  
          after treatment while also lowering the cost of care.

          The California Chamber of Commerce and America's Health  
          Insurance Plans both write in opposition that, while well  
          intentioned, this bill would further exacerbate the problem of  
          rising health care costs.  The opposition maintains that this  
          bill cannot be viewed in isolation. With the state already  
          required to meet requirements designated by the ACA, the  
          opposition believes California should focus its attention on  
          meeting the EHBs required by the ACA rather than adding  
          additional mandated benefits. These mandates, according to the  
          opposition, have already reduced flexibility in benefit design,  
          increased health care costs and premium rates, leading to  
          reduced employers' and individuals' choice of benefit packages  
          from health insurers and HMOs. The opposition asserts that  
          benefit mandates that do not promote evidence-based medicine may  
          lead to lower quality of care, over-utilization, and high costs  
          for possible non-effective treatments.
           









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          Analysis Prepared by  :    Teri Boughton / HEALTH / (916) 319-2097  



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