BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 913
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 24, 2013

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                  Mike Gatto, Chair

                     AB 913 (Chau) - As Amended:  April 29, 2013 

          Policy Committee:                              Local Government  
          Vote:        6-3
                        Education                                      5-0

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          No     Reimbursable:              No

           SUMMARY  

          This bill requires charter schools, beginning July 1, 2014, to  
          comply with the state's open meeting, conflict of interest, and  
          disclosure laws in the same manner as non-charter public  
          schools.  Specifically, this bill: 

          1)Requires a charter school to be subject to the following: 

             a)   The Ralph M. Brown Act (RBA).  Further provides if a  
               charter school is operated by an entity that is subject to  
               the Bagley-Keen Open Meeting Act (Bagley-Keen) then it too  
               is subject to Bagley-Keen regardless of the authorizing  
               entity.   
             b)   The California Public Records Act (CPRA).  
             c)   Conflict of Interest statute (Government Code 1090). 
             d)   The Political Reform Act of 1974.  

          2)Requires a member of a charter school governing body to  
            abstain from voting on, or influencing or attempting to  
            influence another member of the governing body regarding all  
            matters uniquely affecting his or her own employment, as  
            specified. 

          3)Specifies a person who provides a loan to a charter school due  
            to a fiscal emergency is not disqualified from serving as a  
            member of the governing body, or from being an employee of the  
            school, as specified. 

          4)Specifies a person who leases real property to be occupied by  
            a charter school, or who signs a guarantor agreement relative  








                                                                  AB 913
                                                                  Page  2

            to the lease of the property occupied by the school, is not  
            disqualified from serving as a member of the governing body,  
            or from being an employee of the school, as specified. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  

          GF/98 cost pressure, likely less than $100,000, to charter  
          schools to comply with the requirements of this bill.  There  
          were 1,062 charter schools in 2012-13.  Charter schools  
          participating in the K-12 Mandate Block Grant (93% of the 1,062)  
          receive reimbursement for the RBA/Bagley Keen mandate.  If the  
          CPRA is added to the block grant, participating charter schools  
          will receive reimbursement for this activity as well.  


           SUMMARY CONTINUED
           
          5)Prohibits a person who is disqualified by the state  
            constitution or laws of the state from holding a civil office  
            from serving on the governing body of a charter school.  

          6)Clarifies a charter school governing body that engages in  
            activities that are not related to the operation of the school  
            is not subject to the RBA, Bagley-Keen or CPRA, as specified. 

          7)Prohibits a statement of economic interest that is filed by a  
            designated person of a charter school after the required  
            deadline from being the sole basis for revocation of a  
            charter.  

           COMMENTS  

           1)Background  .  A charter school is a public school that may  
            provide instruction in any of grades K-12. It is usually  
            created or organized by a group of teachers, parents and  
            community leaders or a community-based organization. A charter  
            school may be authorized by an existing local public school  
            board, county board of education (COE), or the State Board of  
            Education (SBE). Existing law requires a potential charter  
            school to submit a petition to a governing board or SBE for  
            approval to establish the school. According to the State  
            Department of Education (SDE), there were 1,062 charter  
            schools (including three statewide benefit charters and 33  
            approved by SBE) with an enrollment of 456,000 pupils in  
            2012-13. 








                                                                  AB 913
                                                                  Page  3


           2)Purpose  .  The author argues this bill is necessary in order to  
            conform with proposed federal law related to pensions.   
            Specifically, the author states: "The US Internal Revenue  
            Service (IRS) is evaluating the status of charter schools,  
            among other entities, and the eligibility of affected  
            employees for governmental pension plans. Under the IRS  
            proposed regulations, all individuals who benefit from a state  
            retirement system would have to be employed by a governmental  
            entity, such as the state, an elected school board or the  
            federal government and no private interests are involved.   
            Though [state] law considers charters to be independently run  
            public schools, their governing boards are not 'publicly  
            nominated and elected' nor are they subject to open meeting  
            laws or the requirements to maintain public records that apply  
            only to governmental entities.  [This fact] excludes them from  
            the IRS' definition of a governmental entity and would seem to  
            make their employees ineligible to participate in the state  
            pension plan.

            "The proposed rules would affect more than 88 percent of the  
            state's charter school workforce that opted into California  
            State Teachers Retirement System (CalSTRS), according to a  
            report by Podgursky & Olberg from the Thomas B Fordham  
            Institute.  CalSTRS has been monitoring the development of the  
            IRS proposal because it may be required to prohibit the  
            participation of charter schools in its benefit program to  
            avoid losing its governmental plan status under Internal  
            Revenue Code?"  

            This bill requires charter schools, beginning July 1, 2014, to  
            comply with the state's open meeting, conflict of interest,  
            and disclosure laws in the same manner as non-charter public  
            schools.

           3)The K-12 Education Mandate Block Grant and charter schools  .  
            The 2012 Budget Act allocated $166.6 million for this block  
            grant.  Essentially, a school district, charter school, or COE  
            may choose to receive a per-pupil allocation to conduct  
            existing K-12 mandated activities.  If the district, charter  
            school, or COE chooses to receive this allocation it forfeits  
            its ability to claim mandate reimbursement via the existing  
            state process.  School districts received approximately $28  
            per pupil; charter schools approximately $14 per pupil; and  
            COEs approximately $29 per pupil.  The advantage of this block  








                                                                  AB 913
                                                                  Page  4

            grant is school districts and COEs will receive annual funding  
            now versus waiting to receive payment under the existing  
            claims process, which the state has deferred paying for a  
            number of years.  For charter schools, they receive funding  
            for existing mandated activities in which they are not  
            eligible for reimbursement by the Commission on State  
            Mandates.  Likewise, they receive funding for mandated  
            activities that may only apply to districts and COEs and not  
            to them.  The block grant includes funding for the Ralph M.  
            Brown Act and therefore, charter schools are reimbursed for  
            this activity.         

            According to the Legislative Analyst Office (LAO), 634 school  
            districts (approximately 67% of all districts), 35 COEs  
            (approximately 60% of all COEs), and 877 charter schools  
            (approximately 93% of charter schools) participated in the  
            block grant.  

           4)The governor's 2013 budget proposal repeals the requirement  
            that school districts and COEs (local education agencies  
            (LEAs) comply with the Ralph Brown Act (RBA) and the  
            California Public Records Act (CPRA) by  .  The governor's  
            proposal largely conforms to actions taken on the  
            non-education side of the budget.  The governor argues the  
            state should not continue reimbursing LEAs for costs  
            associated with meeting these requirements.  The following  
            chart details the mandates, whether or not they are included  
            in the K-12 mandate block grant, and how they are treated by  
            non-education local governments.  
          
                                          
               ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
              |        Mandate        |  Included in K-12  |Suspended for Local |
              |                       |    Block Grant     |       Govt.        |
               ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
              |-----------------------+---------+----------+---------+---------|
              |                       |  2012   |Governor's|  2012   |Governor'|
              |                       | Budget  |   2013   | Budget  | s 2013  |
              |                       |   Act   | Proposal |   Act   |Proposal |
              |-----------------------+---------+----------+---------+---------|
              |RBA - Requires local   |         |          |         |         |
              |governing boards to    |         |          |         |         |
              |post meeting agendas   |   Noa   |    No    |   No    |   Yes   |
              |and perform other      |         |          |         |         |
              |activities related to  |         |          |         |         |








                                                                  AB 913
                                                                  Page  5

              |board meetings.        |         |          |         |         |
              |                       |         |          |         |         |
              |-----------------------+---------+----------+---------+---------|
              |CPRA - Requires the    |         |          |         |         |
              |disclosure of agency   |   Yes   |    No    |   Yes   |   Yes   |
              |records to the public  |         |          |         |         |
              |upon request. Also     |         |          |         |         |
              |requires agencies to   |         |          |         |         |
              |assist the public with |         |          |         |         |
              |their requests.        |         |          |         |         |
               ---------------------------------------------------------------- 
               aExcluded because it has not yet finished the mandate  
               determination process. 

               To the extent applicable, the state generally applies the  
               same mandate reimbursement policy across local government  
               agencies. With reference to the RBA, Proposition 30:  
               Temporary Taxes to Fund Education, passed by voters in  
               November 2012, eliminated the state's obligation to pay for  
               this mandate, but did not eliminate the requirement for  
               LEAs to perform the activities. This has different  
               implications for LEAs compared to other local governments  
               because the state is not required to suspend a LEA mandate  
               in order to avoid paying back prior-year reimbursement  
               claims, as it is required to do for local governments.

               The Legislative Analyst Office (LAO) recommends conforming  
               to the actions taken for local governments for the CPRA.  
               For the RBA mandate, the LAO recommends rejecting the  
               governor's proposal to suspend it, but adopting the  
               proposal to remove it from the K-12 Mandate Block Grant,  
               given the changes made by Proposition 30, which eliminated  
               the state's reimbursement obligation.  

               The Assembly Budget Subcommittee on Education took action  
               to reject the governor's proposal to suspend the CPRA and  
               the RBA by a vote of 3-2.  

           5)Previous legislation  .  AB 360 (Brownley), similar to this  
            measure, died on the Assembly Floor Inactive File in August  
            2012.  


           Analysis Prepared by :    Kimberly Rodriguez / APPR. / (916)  
          319-2081 








                                                                  AB 913
                                                                  Page  6