BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 966
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 966 (Bonta)
          As Amended  January 6, 2014
          Majority vote 

           PUBLIC SAFETY       6-1         APPROPRIATIONS      12-4        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Ammiano, Jones-Sawyer,    |Ayes:|Gatto, Bocanegra,         |
          |     |Quirk, Ridley-Thomas,     |     |Bradford,                 |
          |     |Skinner, Waldron          |     |Ian Calderon, Campos,     |
          |     |                          |     |Eggman, Gomez, Holden,    |
          |     |                          |     |Pan, Quirk,               |
          |     |                          |     |Ridley-Thomas, Weber      |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Melendez                  |Nays:|Bigelow, Allen, Linder,   |
          |     |                          |     |Wagner                    |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Requires that the Department of Corrections and  
          Rehabilitation (CDCR) shall develop a five-year plan to expand  
          the availability of condoms in all California prisons.  

           EXISTING LAW  :  
           
           1)Proscribes that any person who participates in an act of  
            sodomy with any person of any age while confined in any state  
            prison or local detention facility shall be punished by  
            imprisonment in the state prison or in a county jail for not  
            more than one year.  

          2)Provides that persons participating in an act of oral  
            copulation while confined in any state prison or local  
            detention facility shall be punished by imprisonment in the  
            state prison or in a county jail for a period of not more than  
            one year.  

          3)Declares that the spread of human immunodeficiency  
            virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) within  
            prison and jail populations presents a grave danger to inmates  
            within those populations, law enforcement personnel, and other  
            persons in contact with a prisoner infected with the AIDS  
            virus, both during and after the prisoner's confinement.  









                                                                  AB 966
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          4)Prohibits all sex acts, illegal and consensual, between  
            inmates.  

          5)Requires CDCR, contingent on the availability of funding, to  
            provide HIV/AIDS health and prevention information to inmates.  
             

          6)Provides that an inmate may request HIV testing of another  
            inmate if he or she reasonably believes that he or she has  
            come into contact with the other inmate's bodily fluids; the  
            chief medical officer will make the determination whether to  
            require the testing.  

          7)Authorizes the chief medical officer to order a test of an  
            inmate if he or she concludes there are clinical symptoms of  
            HIV/AIDS as recognized by the Centers for Disease Control and  
            Prevention.  

          8)Requires probation and parole officers be notified when an  
            inmate being released from incarceration is infected with  
            AIDS, and permits these officers to notify certain persons who  
            will come into contact with the parolee or probationer if  
            authorized by law.  
           
          FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee:

          1)Minor, likely absorbable costs to develop a plan, considering  
            the existing detailed study.

          2)While the plan does not require implementation, based on  
            CDCR's pilot and study, during which more than 800 inmates  
            were provided access to condoms via vending machines, the cost  
            of providing condom access to inmates via vending machines,  
            including condoms, machines, and staff time, would be about  
            $1.50 per inmate the first year, decreasing to about 75 cents  
            per inmate in subsequent years, once dispensers have been  
            purchased and installed.  Assuming a fairly regular need to  
            replace damaged dispensers, and a modicum of additional staff  
            time to monitor and report on program progress, if condom  
            access was provided systemwide in one year, first-year costs  
            would be about $200,000, declining somewhat in subsequent  
            years. 









                                                                  AB 966
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          3)CDCR's report assumes an annual cost of about $41,000 to treat  
            an HIV-positive inmate in state prison, meaning if a condom  
            access program prevents 10 HIV infections annually, the  
            program would pay for itself and save several hundred thousand  
            dollars.  (About 1,200 inmates are HIV-positive, with an  
            infection rate often estimated at up to 10 times higher than  
            the general population.)

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, "Sexually transmitted  
          disease is a tragic reality of life in prison. The HIV/AIDS  
          infection rate in prison is estimated to be at least 8 to 10  
          times higher than among the general population. 

          "AB 966 requires CDCR to develop a five-year plan to offer  
          condoms in all California prisons, giving the department wide  
          discretion in program development within its existing authority.  


          "The bill is based on the successful findings of a Solano State  
          Prison condom pilot project conducted in 2008. The purpose of  
          that pilot project was to determine the practicality and safety  
          of condom distribution in a state prison. The program was an  
          indisputable success. My office carefully drafted last year's AB  
          999 and this year's AB 966 based on the findings from that pilot  
          project. Once we had the data, the next logical step going  
          forward was program expansion.

          "The data speaks for itself.  AB 966 is a simple and sound  
          preventative public health policy that is evidence -based, cost  
          effective, informed by a highly successful pilot project, and  
          will save lives. Our Legislature has attempted three times in  
          the past to mandate condom distribution in our state prisons and  
          was disappointed with vetoes. AB 966 refines and retools those  
          other efforts and brings all stakeholders together, including  
          CDCR, to stand up for the vulnerable communities who are being  
          affected by this devastating disease." 

           HIV/AIDS in CDCR  :  According to CDCR's data, an average of 1,240  
          inmates are infected with HIV/AIDS in California's prisons.   
          CDCR estimates the cost of care for these inmates at over $18  
          million.  Because CDCR does not require HIV testing, the true  
          number of infected inmates is unknown.  According to the  
          University of California, San Francisco, the rate of HIV  
          infection among inmates is eight to ten times higher than among  








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          the general population.  Various studies provided by the author  
          attribute this high rate to intravenous drug use prior to  
          incarceration.  Due to the difficultly in conducting studies and  
          limited availability of information, the rate causes of  
          infection for inmates after incarceration are unknown.  However,  
          these studies estimate that sexual activity is the leading cause  
          for HIV infection in prison.

          Please see the policy committee analysis for a full discussion  
          of this bill.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Gabriel Caswell / PUB. S. / (916)  
          319-3744 


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